Abstract:
NEW FINDINGS:What is the central question of this study? What is the precise subcellular localization of the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) in human airway epithelium? What is the main finding and its importance? ENaC protein has an unexpected localization in the peripheral region of the apical membrane of bronchial epithelial cells, very close to tight junctions. This may be important for the mechanism of Na+ absorption ABSTRACT: The epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) has a key role in absorbing fluid across the human airway epithelium. Altered activity of ENaC may perturb the process of mucociliary clearance, thus impairing the innate defence mechanisms against microbial agents. The proteins forming ENaC are present on the apical membrane of the epithelium. However, their precise localization is unknown. In the present study, we used two antibodies recognizing the α and β ENaC subunits. Both antibodies revealed a restricted localization of ENaC in the peripheral region of the apical membrane of cultured bronchial epithelial cells, close to but not overlapping with tight junctions. In contrast, the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator chloride channel was more diffusely expressed on the whole apical membrane. Modulation of ENaC activity by aprotinin or elastase resulted in a decrease or increase in the peripheral localization, respectively. Our results suggest that sodium absorption is mainly occurring close to tight junctions where this cation may be rapidly expelled by the Na+ /K+ pump present in lateral membranes. This arrangement of channels and pumps may limit Na+ build-up in other regions of the cells.
journal_name
Exp Physioljournal_title
Experimental physiologyauthors
Musante I,Scudieri P,Venturini A,Guidone D,Caci E,Castellani S,Conese M,Galietta LJVdoi
10.1113/EP087590subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-06-01 00:00:00pages
866-875issue
6eissn
0958-0670issn
1469-445Xjournal_volume
104pub_type
杂志文章abstract:NEW FINDINGS:What is the central question of this study? Calcium is an important second messenger in eccrine sweating; however, whether modulation of extracellular Ca(2+) and Ca(2+) entry has the capacity to modulate sweat rate in non-glabrous human skin has not been explored. What is the main finding and its importanc...
journal_title:Experimental physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1113/expphysiol.2013.076547
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In humans, skeletal muscle blood flow is regulated by an interaction between several locally formed vasodilators, including NO and prostaglandins. In plasma, ATP is a potent vasodilator that stimulates the formation of NO and prostaglandins and, very importantly, can offset local sympathetic vasoconstriction. Adenosin...
journal_title:Experimental physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1113/expphysiol.2014.081620
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of unilateral Achilles' tendon section on the soleus muscle of rabbits was examined after 2 and 4 weeks of unsutured recovery. Immobilization of the limb during recovery was also investigated. Following tendon section the limb was immobilized with an ankle angle of 90 deg, and final experiments were perform...
journal_title:Experimental physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1113/expphysiol.1994.sp003784
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A recent model predicted a local synovial circulation of extravascular fluid in which capillary filtrate entered a joint cavity and fluid simultaneously drained out of the cavity via intercellular pathways distant from capillaries. Here, solutions of albumin (10-250 g l-1) were infused continuously into the knee joint...
journal_title:Experimental physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1113/expphysiol.1992.sp003613
更新日期:1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is now well accepted that the sympathetic nervous system responds to specific afferent stimuli in a unique non-uniform fashion. The means by which the brain transforms the signals from a single type of receptor into an appropriate differential sympathetic output is discussed in this brief review. The detection of a...
journal_title:Experimental physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1113/expphysiol.2004.029041
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:NEW FINDINGS:What is the central question of this study? Exercise for type 2 diabetes patients treated with insulin therapy involves the risk of hypoglycaemia. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors can be effective in combination with exercise because they reduce the incidence of hypoglycaemia. We evaluated the eff...
journal_title:Experimental physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1113/EP087449
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:NEW FINDINGS:What is the central question of this study? Carotid artery longitudinal wall motion (CALM) is a bidirectional forward and backward motion of the arterial wall; however, there is no evidence in humans for what controls CALM despite proposals for pulse pressure, left ventricular motion and shear rate. What i...
journal_title:Experimental physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1113/EP086621
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigated whether sensitivity to nociceptive stimuli is altered in obese rats using established models of inflammatory pain, and using real-time PCR, profiled alterations in expression of key adipokine and inflammatory mediator mRNA (adiponectin, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, cyclooxygenase-2,...
journal_title:Experimental physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1113/expphysiol.2011.064220
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using the patch-clamp recording technique, we observed that endothelin-1 (ET-1; 0.8-16 nM) enhanced a voltage-activated outward current (Iout) and induced periodic oscillations of inward current in smooth muscle cells isolated from small pulmonary arteries (200-400 microns in diameter). Anion substitution experiments ...
journal_title:Experimental physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1113/expphysiol.1995.sp003889
更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Arterial pressure is regulated over long periods of time by neural, hormonal and local control mechanisms, which ultimately determine the total blood volume and how it is distributed between the various vascular compartments of the circulation. A full understanding of the complex interplay of these mechanisms can be g...
journal_title:Experimental physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1113/expphysiol.2008.043281
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The dorsal horn of the spinal cord plays an important role in transmitting information from nociceptive primary afferent neurones to the brain; however, our knowledge of its neuronal and synaptic organisation is still limited. Nociceptive afferents terminate mainly in laminae I and II and some of these contain substan...
journal_title:Experimental physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1113/eph8702351
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Converging lines of evidence from epidemiological studies and animal models now indicate that the origins of obesity and related metabolic disorders lie not only in the interaction between genes and traditional adult risk factors, such as unbalanced diet and physical inactivity, but also in the interplay between genes...
journal_title:Experimental physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1113/expphysiol.2005.032854
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of direct autonomic nerve stimulation on the heart may be quite different to those of perfusion with pharmacological neuromodulating agents. This study was designed to investigate the effect of autonomic nerve stimulation on intracellular calcium fluorescence using fura-2 AM in the isolated Langendorff-per...
journal_title:Experimental physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1113/expphysiol.2009.048215
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders in women, with a prevalence of 8-12% during the reproductive years. In the present study, using prenatal exposure to a single dose of testosterone during the critical period of fetal development, we aimed to introduce an enhanced rat model ...
journal_title:Experimental physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1113/expphysiol.2014.078055
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:NEW FINDINGS:What is the central question of this study? What is the role of lncRNA PRRT3-AS1 in the regulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) gene-mediated mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signalling pathway in proliferation, apoptosis and autophagy of prostate cancer cells? What is the ...
journal_title:Experimental physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1113/EP088011
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:NEW FINDINGS:What is the topic of this review? We discuss tools available to access genome-wide data sets that harbour cell-specific, brain region-specific and tissue-specific information on exon usage for several species, including humans. In this Review, we demonstrate how to access this information in genome databas...
journal_title:Experimental physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1113/EP085129
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pattern of propagation of slow waves in the small intestine is not clear. Specifically, it is not known whether propagation is determined by a single dominant ICC-MP (Interstitial cells of Cajal located in the Myenteric Plexus) pacemaker unit or whether there are multiple active pacemakers. To determine this patte...
journal_title:Experimental physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1113/expphysiol.2007.039180
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:NEW FINDINGS:What is the central question of this study? Pregnancy requires a robust plasma volume expansion driven by renal sodium retention. In the late-pregnant kidney, the aldosterone-responsive epithelial Na(+) channel is increased, whereas the sodium-chloride cotransporter is decreased. Pendrin has been shown to ...
journal_title:Experimental physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1113/EP085396
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cessation of milk removal causes mammary tissue involution, which in rodents is characterized by extensive tissue degeneration and loss of the majority of luminal epithelial cells by apoptosis. In contrast, bovine mammary tissue shows little histological evidence of tissue remodelling between lactations. In this study...
journal_title:Experimental physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1113/expphysiol.1997.sp004075
更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:NEW FINDINGS:What is the central question of this study? The aim was to determine the effect of mid-portion Achilles tendinopathy (MAT) on free Achilles tendon three-dimensional morphology and volume at rest and under load in people with unilateral MAT. What is the main finding and its importance? Tendinopathic tendon ...
journal_title:Experimental physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1113/EP086673
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:NEW FINDINGS:What is the central question of this study? Are the urinary concentrations of NO and ATP, and their metabolites, associated with the severity of symptoms of overactive bladder? What is the main finding and its importance? The urinary ratios of [ATP/NO], [ADP/NO] and a combination of these, [ATP/Cr*ADP/Cr]/...
journal_title:Experimental physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1113/EP088450
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) is a cotransmitter with classical transmitters in most nerves in the peripheral and central nervous systems, although the proportions vary between tissues and species and in different developmental and pathophysiological circumstances. There was early evidence that ATP was released toge...
journal_title:Experimental physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1113/expphysiol.2008.043620
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:NEW FINDINGS:What is the central question of this study? Exertional heat stroke is accompanied by a marked inflammatory response. In this study, we explored the time course of acute phase proteins during recovery from severe heat stress in mice and the potential role of skeletal muscles as their source. What is the mai...
journal_title:Experimental physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1113/EP088501
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:NEW FINDINGS:What is the central question of this study? There is an ethical imperative to optimize analgesia protocols for laboratory animals, but this is impeded by our inability to recognize pain reliably. We examined whether the Mouse Grimace Scale (MGS) provides benefits over a standard welfare scoring system for ...
journal_title:Experimental physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1113/expphysiol.2014.083139
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:NEW FINDINGS:What is the central question of this study? What is the role of miR-143-3p during human dental pulp stem cell (hDPSC) differentiation. What is the main finding and its importance? miR-143-3p negatively regulates receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (RANK). RANK ligand (RANKL) binds to RANK and stimulate...
journal_title:Experimental physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1113/EP087992
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The autonomic adjustments to exercise are mediated by central signals from the higher brain (central command) and by a peripheral reflex arising from working skeletal muscle (exercise pressor reflex), with further modulation provided by the arterial baroreflex. Although it is clear that central command, the exercise p...
journal_title:Experimental physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1113/expphysiol.2005.032037
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This work was undertaken to study the effect of pectin feeding on the expression level, cellular localization and functional activity of monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1) in the gastrointestinal tract of rats. The results indicated that MCT1 protein level was significantly increased along the entire length of the g...
journal_title:Experimental physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1113/expphysiol.2009.046797
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is commonly stated that smell elicits a parotid salivary reflex in humans. However, this assumption seems to be supported only by experiments in which either a lemon or an irritating odour has been used as the primary stimulus. In this study six pleasant odours, chocolate, vanilla, peppermint, beef, tomato and lemo...
journal_title:Experimental physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1113/expphysiol.1991.sp003502
更新日期:1991-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Disrupting circadian rhythms in rodents perturbs glucose metabolism and increases adiposity. To determine whether these effects occur in a large diurnal animal, we assessed the impact of circadian rhythm disruption upon metabolic function in sheep. Adult ewes (n = 7) underwent 3 weeks of a control 12 h light-12 h dark...
journal_title:Experimental physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1113/expphysiol.2014.080630
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Latex beads coated with secretory immunoglobulin (IgA) instilled into mouse intestinal loops are taken up by M cells present in Peyer's patch follicle-associated epithelial tissue. Bead adsorption and uptake is greater at the edge compared with the apex of follicle domes. Coating beads with bovine serum albumin (BSA) ...
journal_title:Experimental physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1113/expphysiol.1992.sp003662
更新日期:1992-11-01 00:00:00