Abstract：
OBJECTIVE:Brains, like other physical devices, are inherently noisy. This source of variability is large, to the extent that internal noise often impacts human sensory processing more than externally induced (stimulus-driven) perturbations. Despite the fundamental nature of this phenomenon, its statistical distribution remains unknown: for the past 40 years it has been assumed Gaussian, but the applicability (or lack thereof) of this assumption has not been checked. APPROACH:We obtained detailed measurements of this process by exploiting an integrated approach that combines experimental, theoretical and computational tools from bioengineering applications of system identification and reverse correlation methodologies. MAIN RESULTS:The resulting characterization reveals that the underlying distribution is in fact not Gaussian, but well captured by the Laplace (double-exponential) distribution. SIGNIFICANCE:Potentially relevant to this result is the observation that image contrast follows leptokurtic distributions in natural scenes, suggesting that the properties of internal noise in human sensors may reflect environmental statistics.
journal_name
J Neural Engjournal_title
Journal of neural engineeringauthors
Neri Pdoi
10.1088/1741-2560/10/1/016014subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-02-01 00:00:00pages
016014issue
1eissn
1741-2560issn
1741-2552journal_volume
10pub_type
杂志文章,随机对照试验abstract：OBJECTIVE:We propose a new hybrid brain-computer interface (BCI) system that integrates two different EEG tasks: tactile selective attention (TSA) using a vibro-tactile stimulator on the left/right finger and motor imagery (MI) of left/right hand movement. Event-related desynchronization (ERD) from the MI task and stea...
journal_title：Journal of neural engineering
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1088/1741-2560/11/6/066004
更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Although electrode size should be miniaturized to provide higher selectivity for neural signal recording and to avoid tissue damage, small sized electrodes induce high impedance, which decreases recording quality. In this work, the electrode surface was modified to increase the effective surface area to lower...
journal_title：Journal of neural engineering
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1088/1741-2560/12/5/056018
更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Electroencephalography (EEG) recorded during transcranial alternating current simulation (tACS) is highly desirable in order to investigate brain dynamics during stimulation, but is corrupted by large amplitude stimulation artefacts. Artefact removal algorithms have been presented previously, but with substan...
journal_title：Journal of neural engineering
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1088/1741-2552/ab58a3
更新日期：2020-01-24 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The reliable estimation of parameters such as mean or covariance matrix from noisy and high-dimensional observations is a prerequisite for successful application of signal processing and machine learning algorithms in brain-computer interfacing (BCI). This challenging task becomes significantly more difficult...
journal_title：Journal of neural engineering
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1088/1741-2552/aa8232
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Schwann cells (SCs) are primary structural and functional cells in the peripheral nervous system. These cells play a crucial role in peripheral nerve regeneration by releasing neurotrophic factors. This study evaluated the neural differentiation potential effects of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous ...
journal_title：Journal of neural engineering
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1088/1741-2560/13/4/046005
更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Contemporary deep brain stimulation (DBS) for Parkinson's disease is delivered continuously, and adjustments based on patient's changing symptoms must be made manually by a trained clinician. Patients may be subjected to energy intensive settings at times when they are not needed, possibly resulting in stimul...
journal_title：Journal of neural engineering
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1088/1741-2552/aabc9b
更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:We have recently developed a prototype of a novel human-computer interface for assistive communication based on voluntary shifts of attention (gaze) from a far target to a near target associated with a decrease of pupil size (Pupillary Accommodative Response, PAR), an automatic vegetative response that can be...
journal_title：Journal of neural engineering
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1088/1741-2552/ab8e8f
更新日期：2020-04-29 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Most brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) based on functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) require that users perform mental tasks such as motor imagery, mental arithmetic, or music imagery to convey a message or to answer simple yes or no questions. These cognitive tasks usually have no direct association ...
journal_title：Journal of neural engineering
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1088/1741-2552/aae4b9
更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Somatic symptom disorder (SSD) is a reflection of medically unexplained physical symptoms that lead to distress and impairment in social and occupational functioning. SSD is phenomenologically diagnosed and its neurobiology remains unsolved. APPROACH:In this study, we performed hyper-parameter optimized clas...
journal_title：Journal of neural engineering
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1088/1741-2552/ab50b2
更新日期：2019-12-16 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The vision of bioelectronic medicine is to treat disease by modulating the signaling of visceral nerves near various end organs. In small animal models, the nerves of interest can have small diameters and limited surgical access. New high-resolution methods for building nerve interfaces are desirable. In this...
journal_title：Journal of neural engineering
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1088/1741-2552/aa5a5b
更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Despite their increasing use and public health importance, little is known about the consistency and variability of the quantitative features of baseline electroencephalography (EEG) measurements in healthy individuals and populations. This study aims to investigate population consistency of EEG features. AP...
journal_title：Journal of neural engineering
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1088/1741-2552/ab4af3
更新日期：2019-11-12 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Signal attenuation is a major problem facing intracortical sensors for chronic neuroprosthetic applications. Many studies suggest that failure is due to gliosis around the electrode tips, however, mechanical and material causes of failure are often overlooked. The purpose of this study was to investigate the ...
journal_title：Journal of neural engineering
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1088/1741-2560/13/2/026003
更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) may benefit from brain-computer interfaces (BCI), but the utility of such devices likely will have to account for the functional, cognitive, and behavioral heterogeneity of this neurodegenerative disorder. APPROACH:In this study, a heterogeneous group of pati...
journal_title：Journal of neural engineering
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1088/1741-2560/13/2/026002
更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:We have previously demonstrated a brain-machine interface neuroprosthetic system that provided continuous control of functional electrical stimulation (FES) and restoration of grasp in a primate model of spinal cord injury (SCI). Predicting intended EMG directly from cortical recordings provides a flexible hi...
journal_title：Journal of neural engineering
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1088/1741-2560/13/4/046009
更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The peripheral nerves of an amputee's residual limb still carry the information required to provide the robust, natural control signals needed to command a dexterous prosthetic limb. However, these signals are mixed in the volume conductor of the body and extracting them is an unmet challenge. A beamforming algorithm ...
journal_title：Journal of neural engineering
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1088/1741-2560/8/5/056005
更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this paper is to use recent advances in the clinical understanding of the temporal evolution of seizure burden in neonates with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy to improve the performance of automated detection algorithms. Probabilistic weights are designed from temporal locations of neonatal seizure events ...
journal_title：Journal of neural engineering
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1088/1741-2560/9/4/046002
更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Powered robotic prostheses create a need for natural-feeling user interfaces and robust control schemes. Here, we examined the ability of a nonlinear autoregressive model to continuously map the kinematics of a transtibial prosthesis and electromyographic (EMG) activity recorded within socket to the future es...
journal_title：Journal of neural engineering
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1088/1741-2560/11/5/056027
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:In a previous study we demonstrated continuous translation, orientation and one-dimensional grasping control of a prosthetic limb (seven degrees of freedom) by a human subject with tetraplegia using a brain-machine interface (BMI). The current study, in the same subject, immediately followed the previous work...
journal_title：Journal of neural engineering
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1088/1741-2560/12/1/016011
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Implantable brain-computer interface (BCI) research promises improvements in human health and enhancements in quality of life. Informed consent of subjects is a central tenet of this research. Rapid advances in neuroscience, and the intimate connection between functioning of the brain and conceptions of the s...
journal_title：Journal of neural engineering
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1088/1741-2560/13/4/043001
更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Research by Oby et al (2016) demonstrated that the optimal threshold for extracting information from visual and motor cortices may differ from the optimal threshold for identifying single neurons via spike sorting methods. The optimal threshold for extracting information from auditory cortex has yet to be ide...
journal_title：Journal of neural engineering
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1088/1741-2552/ab7c19
更新日期：2020-03-03 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Current mapping of epileptic networks in patients prior to epilepsy surgery utilizes electrode arrays with sparse spatial sampling (∼1.0 cm inter-electrode spacing). Recent research demonstrates that sub-millimeter, cortical-column-scale domains have a role in seizure generation that may be clinically signifi...
journal_title：Journal of neural engineering
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1088/1741-2560/13/2/026015
更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Given the rapid expansion of the field of neural stimulation and the rigorous regulatory approval requirements required before these devices can be applied clinically, it is important that there is clarity around conducting preclinical safety and efficacy studies required for the development of this technolog...
journal_title：Journal of neural engineering
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1088/1741-2552/aac43c
更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy of the convolution kernel compensation (CKC) method in decomposing high-density surface EMG (HDsEMG) signals from the pennate biceps femoris long-head muscle. Although the CKC method has already been thoroughly assessed in parallel-fibered muscles, there are several fac...
journal_title：Journal of neural engineering
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1088/1741-2560/8/6/066002
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Currently, there are some 95 000 people in Europe suffering from upper-limb impairment. Rehabilitation should be undertaken right after the impairment occurs and should be regularly performed thereafter. Moreover, the rehabilitation process should be tailored specifically to both patient and impairment. APPR...
journal_title：Journal of neural engineering
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1088/1741-2552/aaf35f
更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Significant progress has been made in systems that interpret the electrical signals of the brain in order to control an actuator. One version of these systems senses neuronal extracellular action potentials with an array of up to 100 miniature probes inserted into the cortex. The impedance of each probe is high, so en...
journal_title：Journal of neural engineering
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1088/1741-2560/6/1/012001
更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Two-dimensional (2D) movement control is an important issue in brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) research because being able to move, for example, a cursor with the brain will enable patients with motor disabilities to control their environment. However, it is still a challenge to continuously control 2D movem...
journal_title：Journal of neural engineering
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1088/1741-2560/12/4/046021
更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Functional electrical stimulation (FES) involves artificial activation of muscles with surface or implanted electrodes to restore motor function in paralyzed individuals. Currently, FES-based prostheses produce only a limited range of movements due to the difficulty associated with identifying patterns of muscle activ...
journal_title：Journal of neural engineering
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1088/1741-2560/6/5/055008
更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this paper, we propose a simple and straightforward algorithm for neural spike sorting. The algorithm is based on the observation that the distribution of a neural signal largely deviates from the uniform distribution and is rather unimodal. The detected spikes to be sorted are first processed with some feature ext...
journal_title：Journal of neural engineering
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1088/1741-2560/8/6/066014
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:We aimed to develop a robotic interface capable of providing finely-tuned, multidirectional trunk assistance adjusted in real-time during unconstrained locomotion in rats and mice. APPROACH:We interfaced a large-scale robotic structure actuated in four degrees of freedom to exchangeable attachment modules e...
journal_title：Journal of neural engineering
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1088/1741-2560/13/2/026007
更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Dry electrodes have an advantage over gel-based 'wet' electrodes by providing quicker set-up time for electroencephalography recording; however, the potentially poorer contact can result in noisier recordings. We examine the impact that this may have on brain-computer interface communication and potential app...
journal_title：Journal of neural engineering
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1088/1741-2560/13/6/066018
更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00
