Abstract：
:Haloperidol disposition has been associated with reversible metabolism: it is reversibly reduced to its metabolite, reduced haloperidol, which has less pharmacologic activity than the parent compound. To characterize the interconversion process, six healthy male schizophrenics were administered a single dose of 10 mg haloperidol or reduced haloperidol in a randomized crossover manner. Using a general pharmacokinetic model for the interconversion process, the clearances of haloperidol and reduced haloperidol are 1.15 +/- 0.32 l/h/kg and 0.76 +/- 54 l/h/kg, respectively. These clearances are similar to that obtained by the usual mammillary model analysis. With a single 10 mg dose administration of either drug, about 23% of the biotransformation of haloperidol involves the reduction pathway. Back conversion from the reduced metabolite to the parent drug through oxidation contributes even less to the total biotransformation of reduced haloperidol. This action of interconversion or saturation under chronic drug administration is unknown. Reversible metabolism of haloperidol could partially account for the wide therapeutic range for haloperidol as reported in the literature.
journal_name
Psychopharmacology (Berl)journal_title
Psychopharmacologyauthors
Jann MW,Lam YW,Chang WHdoi
10.1007/BF02253726subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1990-01-01 00:00:00pages
107-11issue
1eissn
0033-3158issn
1432-2072journal_volume
101pub_type
临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验abstract：BACKGROUND:The rise in heroin addiction has heightened the need for novel and effective treatments. Physical exercise has been shown as an effective treatment for stimulant abuse in clinical and pre-clinical research. However, this treatment has not yet been tested on opioid addiction. This study examined the effects o...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-019-05381-2
更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Under the fixed-consecutive-number schedule (FCN), pigeons were reinforced for responding eight or more times on one response key (work key), and then responding once on a second response key. In one component of this schedule, an external stimulus signalled the completion of the response requirement on the work key (...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00174698
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Serotonin receptors of the 5HT2 type were labeled on platelet membranes using tritiated ketanserin. Blood was collected from the umbilical cord of newborns and venous samples were collected from 6-year-old children as well as junior-high and high school students (ages 13 through 18) to determine age-related changes in...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02245309
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Single-dose pharmacokinetics of alprazolam was studied in 42 normal male volunteers (14 Caucasians, 14 American-born Asians, and 14 foreign-born Asians), after both oral and parenteral (IV) administration of a small dose (0.5 mg) of the test drug. Asians manifested significantly higher Cmax, larger AUC, slower CL and ...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00216063
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:The present series of experiments was conducted in order to assess the nature of dopaminergic modulation of the acoustic startle response using agonists and antagonists specific for dopamine D1 and D2 receptors. OBJECTIVES:The objective of the present study was to demonstrate an enhancement of the acoustic s...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002130051020
更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Acute (50.0 mg/kg) and repeated (0.1-10.0 mg/kg) administration of dihydroergosine (DHESN) to rats over 5 days lowered the concentration of 5-HIAA in the brain. DHESN given acutely increased the brain 5-HT in p-CPA-treated animals and diminished the probenecid-induced increase in brain 5-HIAA. In pargyline-treated rat...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00172881
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Platelet adenylate cyclase activity was measured in 16 control subjects and 16 patients who developed post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) as a result of damage inflicted on their homes during the Iraqi Scud missile attacks on Israel which occurred during the 1991 Gulf War. There were no differences in basal, NaF-sti...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02249343
更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) differs from other types of hallucinogens in that it possesses direct dopaminergic effects. The exact nature of this component has not been elucidated. OBJECTIVE:The present study sought to characterize the effects of several dopamine D(4) agonists and antagonists on the disc...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-008-1238-0
更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Medication and illicit drugs can have detrimental side effects which impair driving performance. A drug's impairing potential should be determined by well-validated, reliable, and sensitive tests and ideally be calibrated by benchmark drugs and doses. To date, no consensus has been reached on the issue of whi...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-013-3408-y
更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Psychopharmacology
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doi：10.1007/s00213-004-1826-6
更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-017-4557-1
更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The concentration of kynurenine in plasma from depressed patients and control subjects has been measured using a sensitive and specific method. The levels of kynurenine in the plasma of depressed patients and controls are not significantly different and are not influenced by age or sex. The severity of affective distu...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00426632
更新日期：1978-12-08 00:00:00
abstract：:Two experiments examined the effect of the benzodiazepine receptor agonist, zolpidem, on palatable fluid intake in water-deprived rats. In the first experiment, pretreatment with 3.0 or 10.0 mg/kg zolpidem IP was found to increase consumption of a novel glucose drink (3% d-glucose and 0.15 sodium saccharine w/v in wat...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02245521
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Administration of the serotonin (5-HT)1A receptor agonist 8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin (8-OH-DPAT) facilitates the expression of masculine sexual behavior in male and female rats as well as in male rhesus monkeys and inhibits lordosis behavior in female rats. In the present study the effects of 8-OH-DPAT on ...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02244989
更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Despite the high prevalence of nicotine use in humans, robust nicotine self-administration has been difficult to demonstrate in laboratory animals. OBJECTIVES:A parametric analysis of nicotine self-administration was conducted to study its reinforcing effects in nonhuman primates. METHODS:Adult rhesus macaq...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-016-4293-y
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigated the possible role of dopamine receptors in the mediation of copulatory disorder induced by defeat experience in male mice, using L-dopa and apomorphine. To generate the copulatory disorder, male mice were attacked 20 times daily for 5 consecutive days, as intruders in confrontation with an aggressive r...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002130050398
更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:The notion that the onset of action of antidepressant drugs (ADs) takes weeks is widely accepted; however, the sequence of events necessary for therapeutic effects still remains obscure. OBJECTIVE:We aimed to evaluate a time-course of ADs-induced alterations in the expression of 95 selected genes in 4 region...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-012-2714-0
更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:The indirect dopamine agonist methylphenidate remediates cognitive deficits in psychopathology, but the individual characteristics that determine its effects on the brain are not known. OBJECTIVES:We aimed to determine whether targeted dopaminergically modulated traits and individual differences could predic...
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pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s00213-016-4307-9
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s00213-009-1546-z
更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00180843
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-009-1774-2
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of bilateral nucleus accumbens microinjections of d-ala-met-enkephalinamide (DALA) were assessed in behavioral activation and lateral hypothalamic self-stimulation (LHSS) rate-frequency curve-shift paradigms in normal and accumbens 6-OHDA (4.0 micrograms) treated rats. Microinjections of DALA (2.5 microgra...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02244999
更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Although newer interview methods such as Structured Interview Guide for the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (SIGMA; MADRS) with audiotaping and Rater Applied Performance Scale (RAPS) appraisal have been introduced to improve reliability of ratings in antidepressant clinical trials, there is limited ...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-014-3584-4
更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Patients who develop persistent parkinsonism while on chronic neuroleptic therapy may be predisposed towards the development of tardive dyskinesia (TD). We investigated this issue in an animal model of TD by examining the association between catalepsy and the syndrome of neuroleptic-induced vacuous chewing movements (...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02245832
更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic treatment (2 weeks) with piracetam (500 mg/kg, once daily PO) elevated m-cholinoceptor density in the frontal cortex of aged (18 months) female mice by about 30-40%, but had no effect on m-cholinoceptor density in the frontal cortex of young (4 weeks) mice. The effect of piracetam on m-cholinoceptor density as...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00735884
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Psychopharmacology needs novel quantitative measures and theoretical approaches based on computational modelling that can be used to help translate behavioural findings from experimental animals to humans, including patients with neuropsychiatric disorders. OBJECTIVES:This brief review exemplifies this appro...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00213-019-05302-3
更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Previously, we have shown that d-amphetamine (AMPH) was more potent than d-methamphetamine (METH) at increasing extracellular levels of dopamine (DA) in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) at doses that had similar effects in the nucleus accumbens. Since working memory depends on PFC DA, it was postulated that AMPH w...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-003-1522-y
更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The anti-withdrawal effect of clonidine was studied using quasi-morphine abstinence behaviour induced by dipropylacetate (DPA) in naive rats. Clonidine potently suppressed body shakes and locomotor activity (ID50 30 and 40 micrograms/kg IP respectively). Phenoxybenzamine and prazosine did not antagonize the anti-withd...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00427276
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Delta-opioid agonists produce a number of behavioral effects, including convulsions, antinociception, locomotor stimulation, and antidepressant-like effects. The development of these compounds as treatments for depression is limited by their convulsive effects. Therefore, determining how to separate the convu...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-005-0138-9
更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The differential sensitivity of young and elderly healthy adults to the impairment effects of benzodiazepines was assessed by tasks with several levels of difficulty. Using a double-blind procedure, single doses of placebo, alprazolam (0.75 and 1.5 mg) and triazolam (0.25 and 0.5 mg) were ingested orally by 10 young m...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/BF02245796
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
