Ethics and professionalism in medical physics: a survey of AAPM members.

Abstract:

PURPOSE:To assess current education, practices, attitudes, and perceptions pertaining to ethics and professionalism in medical physics. METHODS:A link to a web-based survey was distributed to the American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM) e-mail membership list, with a follow-up e-mail sent two weeks later. The survey included questions about ethics/professionalism education, direct personal knowledge of ethically questionable practices in clinical care, research, education (teaching and mentoring), and professionalism, respondents' assessment of their ability to address ethical/professional dilemmas, and demographics. For analysis, reports of unethical or ethically questionable practices or behaviors by approximately 40% or more of respondents were classified as "frequent." RESULTS:Partial or complete responses were received from 18% (1394/7708) of AAPM members. Overall, 60% (827/1377) of the respondents stated that they had not received ethics/professionalism education during their medical physics training. Respondents currently in training were more likely to state that they received instruction in ethics/professionalism (80%, 127/159) versus respondents who were post-training (35%, 401/1159). Respondents' preferred method of instruction in ethics/professionalism was structured periodic discussions involving both faculty and students/trainees. More than 90% (1271/1384) supported continuing education in ethics/professionalism and 75% (1043/1386) stated they would attend ethics/professionalism sessions at professional/scientific meetings. In the research setting, reports about ethically questionable authorship assignment were frequent (approximately 40%) whereas incidents of ethically questionable practices about human subjects protections were quite infrequent (5%). In the clinical setting, there was frequent recollection of incidents regarding lack of training, resources and skills, and error/incident reporting. In the educational setting, incidents of unethical or ethically questionable practices were only frequently recollected with respect to mentorship/guidance. With respect to professional conduct, favoritism, hostile work/learning environment, and maltreatment of subordinates and colleagues were frequently reported. A significantly larger proportion of women reported experiences with hostile work/learning environments, favoritism, poor mentorship, unfairness in educational settings, and concerns about student privacy and confidentiality. CONCLUSIONS:The survey found broad interest in ethics/professionalism topics and revealed that these topics were being integrated into the curriculum at many institutions. The incorporation of ethics and professionalism instruction into both graduate education and postgraduate training of medical physicists, and into their subsequent lifelong continuing education is important given the nontrivial number of medical physicists who had direct personal knowledge of unethical or ethically questionable incidents in clinical practice, research, education, and professionalism.

journal_name

Med Phys

journal_title

Medical physics

authors

Ozturk N,Armato SG 3rd,Giger ML,Serago CF,Ross LF

doi

10.1118/1.4797463

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2013-04-01 00:00:00

pages

047001

issue

4

eissn

0094-2405

issn

2473-4209

journal_volume

40

pub_type

杂志文章
  • Photoelectric-enhanced radiation therapy with quasi-monochromatic computed tomography.

    abstract::Photoelectric-enhanced radiation therapy is a bimodal therapy, consisting of the administration of highly radiation-absorbing substances into the tumor area and localized regional irradiation with orthovoltage x-rays. Irradiation can be performed by a modified computed tomography (CT) unit equipped with an additional ...

    journal_title:Medical physics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1118/1.3125137

    authors: Jost G,Mensing T,Golfier S,Lawaczeck R,Pietsch H,Hütter J,Cibik L,Gerlach M,Krumrey M,Fratzscher D,Arkadiev V,Wedell R,Haschke M,Langhoff N,Wust P,Lüdemann L

    更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00

  • Regularized iterative weighted filtered backprojection for helical cone-beam CT.

    abstract::Contemporary reconstruction methods employed for clinical helical cone-beam computed tomography (CT) are analytical (noniterative) but mathematically nonexact, i.e., the reconstructed image contains so called cone-beam artifacts, especially for higher cone angles. Besides cone artifacts, these methods also suffer from...

    journal_title:Medical physics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1118/1.2966353

    authors: Sunnegårdh J,Danielsson PE

    更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00

  • JADA: a graphical user interface for comprehensive internal dose assessment in nuclear medicine.

    abstract:PURPOSE:The main objective of this work was to design a comprehensive dosimetry package that would keep all aspects of internal dose calculation within the framework of a single software environment and that would be applicable for a variety of dose calculation approaches. METHODS:Our MATLAB-based graphical user inter...

    journal_title:Medical physics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1118/1.4810963

    authors: Grimes J,Uribe C,Celler A

    更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00

  • Reference standard and statistical model for intersite and temporal comparisons of CT attenuation in a multicenter quantitative lung study.

    abstract:PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to detect and analyze anomalies between a large number of computed tomography (CT) scanners, tracked over time, utilized to collect human pulmonary CT data for a national multicenter study: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease genetic epidemiology study (COPDGene). METHODS:A cust...

    journal_title:Medical physics

    pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究

    doi:10.1118/1.4747342

    authors: Sieren JP,Newell JD,Judy PF,Lynch DA,Chan KS,Guo J,Hoffman EA

    更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00

  • A chamber and electrometer calibration factor as determined by each of the five AAPM accredited dosimetry calibration laboratories.

    abstract::The same calibration grade ionization chamber and electrometer were sequentially sent to all five currently AAPM Accredited Dosimetry Calibration Laboratories (ADCL). A Cesium-137 based check device was utilized to ensure chamber and electrometer factor constancy and showed a maximum deviation of 0.32% (typically less...

    journal_title:Medical physics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1118/1.596880

    authors: Blackwell CR,McCullough EC

    更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00

  • SU-E-I-38: Optimizing CT Slice Width Measurements.

    abstract:PURPOSE:For almost four decades bead and wire ramps have been used in the evaluation of slice width as part of QA testing for CT scanners. While each of these approaches have been recognized and accepted as reliable, in this paper we investigate the differences, advantages and limitations of these tools. Moreover, we s...

    journal_title:Medical physics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1118/1.4734753

    authors: Marteinsdóttir M,Olafsdottir H,Fredriksson J,Andresson A,Healy A,Kristbjornsson A,Kristinsson S,Levy J,Goodenough D

    更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00

  • Evaluation of tumor localization in respiration motion-corrected cone-beam CT: prospective study in lung.

    abstract:PURPOSE:Target localization accuracy of cone-beam CT (CBCT) images used in radiation treatment of respiratory disease sites is affected by motion artifacts (blurring and streaking). The authors have previously reported on a method of respiratory motion correction in thoracic CBCT at end expiration (EE). The previous re...

    journal_title:Medical physics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1118/1.4896101

    authors: Dzyubak O,Kincaid R,Hertanto A,Hu YC,Pham H,Rimner A,Yorke E,Zhang Q,Mageras GS

    更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00

  • Development of a flexible optical fiber based high resolution integrated PET∕MRI system.

    abstract:PURPOSE:The simultaneous measurement of PET and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an emerging field for molecular imaging research. Although optical fiber based PET∕MRI systems have advantages on less interference between PET and MRI, there is a drawback in reducing the scintillation light due to the fiber. To reduce...

    journal_title:Medical physics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1118/1.4757911

    authors: Yamamoto S,Watabe H,Kanai Y,Watabe T,Aoki M,Sugiyama E,Kato K,Hatazawa J

    更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00

  • Establishment of technical prerequisites for cell irradiation experiments with laser-accelerated electrons.

    abstract:PURPOSE:In recent years, laser-based acceleration of charged particles has rapidly progressed and medical applications, e.g., in radiotherapy, might become feasible in the coming decade. Requirements are monoenergetic particle beams with long-term stable and reproducible properties as well as sufficient particle intens...

    journal_title:Medical physics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1118/1.3301598

    authors: Beyreuther E,Enghardt W,Kaluza M,Karsch L,Laschinsky L,Lessmann E,Nicolai M,Pawelke J,Richter C,Sauerbrey R,Schlenvoigt HP,Baumann M

    更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00

  • Fast reconstruction with uniform noise properties in halfscan computed tomography.

    abstract::The hybrid algorithms developed recently for the reconstruction of fan-beam images possess computational and noise properties superior to those of the fan-beam filtered backprojection (FFBP) algorithm. However, the hybrid algorithms cannot be applied directly to a halfscan fan-beam sinogram because they require knowle...

    journal_title:Medical physics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1118/1.1288239

    authors: Pan X

    更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00

  • Robotic intrafractional US guidance for liver SABR: System design, beam avoidance, and clinical imaging.

    abstract:PURPOSE:To present a system for robotic 4D ultrasound (US) imaging concurrent with radiotherapy beam delivery and estimate the proportion of liver stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy (SABR) cases in which robotic US image guidance can be deployed without interfering with clinically used VMAT beam configurations. M...

    journal_title:Medical physics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1118/1.4964454

    authors: Schlosser J,Gong RH,Bruder R,Schweikard A,Jang S,Henrie J,Kamaya A,Koong A,Chang DT,Hristov D

    更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00

  • Design, development, and implementation of the radiological physics center's pelvis and thorax anthropomorphic quality assurance phantoms.

    abstract::The Radiological Physics Center (RPC) developed two heterogeneous anthropomorphic quality assurance phantoms for use in verifying the accuracy of radiation delivery: one for intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) to the pelvis and the other for stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) to the thorax. The purpos...

    journal_title:Medical physics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1118/1.2737158

    authors: Followill DS,Evans DR,Cherry C,Molineu A,Fisher G,Hanson WF,Ibbott GS

    更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00

  • On the development of consensus values of reference dosimetry parameters for interstitial brachytherapy sources.

    abstract::The American Association of Physicists in Medicine recommends that the reference dose-rate distribution, used for treatment planning for low-energy photon brachytherapy sources in routine clinical use, must be based on at least two independent determinations: one using experimentally measured dose rates and one using ...

    journal_title:Medical physics

    pub_type: 指南,杂志文章

    doi:10.1118/1.1690712

    authors: Chan GH,Nath R,Williamson JF,American Association of Physicists in Medicine.

    更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00

  • A stochastic approach to estimate the uncertainty of dose mapping caused by uncertainties in b-spline registration.

    abstract:PURPOSE:In fractionated radiation therapy, image guidance with daily tomographic imaging becomes more and more clinical routine. In principle, this allows for daily computation of the delivered dose and for accumulation of these daily dose distributions to determine the actually delivered total dose to the patient. How...

    journal_title:Medical physics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1118/1.3697524

    authors: Hub M,Thieke C,Kessler ML,Karger CP

    更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00

  • Fully automated segmentation of oncological PET volumes using a combined multiscale and statistical model.

    abstract::The widespread application of positron emission tomography (PET) in clinical oncology has driven this imaging technology into a number of new research and clinical arenas. Increasing numbers of patient scans have led to an urgent need for efficient data handling and the development of new image analysis techniques to ...

    journal_title:Medical physics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1118/1.2432404

    authors: Montgomery DW,Amira A,Zaidi H

    更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00

  • Effect of T1-mapping technique and diminished image resolution on quantification of infarct mass and its ability in predicting appropriate ICD therapy.

    abstract:PURPOSE:Myocardial infarct (MI) may consist of an infarct core (IC) and a heterogeneous, semi-viable border zone (BZ). Patients with chronic MI in the left ventricular (LV) myocardium are at increased risk of developing ventricular arrhythmias, and may therefore qualify for implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) ...

    journal_title:Medical physics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/mp.12840

    authors: Farrag NA,Ramanan V,Wright GA,Ukwatta E

    更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00

  • Rotational micro-CT using a clinical C-arm angiography gantry.

    abstract::Rotational angiography (RA) gantries are used routinely to acquire sequences of projection images of patients from which 3D renderings of vascular structures are generated using Feldkamp cone-beam reconstruction algorithms. However, these systems have limited resolution (<4 lp/mm). Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT)...

    journal_title:Medical physics

    pub_type: 信件

    doi:10.1118/1.2989989

    authors: Patel V,Hoffmann KR,Ionita CN,Keleshis C,Bednarek DR,Rudin S

    更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00

  • On charged particle equilibrium violation in external photon fields.

    abstract:PURPOSE:In a recent paper by Bouchard et al. [Med. Phys. 36(10), 4654-4663 (2009)], a theoretical model of quality correction factors for idealistic so-called plan-class specific reference (PCSR) fields was proposed. The reasoning was founded on the definition of PCSR fields made earlier by Alfonso et al. [Med. Phys. 3...

    journal_title:Medical physics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1118/1.3684952

    authors: Bouchard H,Seuntjens J,Palmans H

    更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00

  • Comparison of internal dose estimates obtained using organ-level, voxel S value, and Monte Carlo techniques.

    abstract:PURPOSE:The authors' objective was to compare internal dose estimates obtained using the Organ Level Dose Assessment with Exponential Modeling (OLINDA/EXM) software, the voxel S value technique, and Monte Carlo simulation. Monte Carlo dose estimates were used as the reference standard to assess the impact of patient-sp...

    journal_title:Medical physics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1118/1.4892606

    authors: Grimes J,Celler A

    更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00

  • Optimization of radiography applications using x-ray beams emitted by compact accelerators. Part I. Monte Carlo study of the hard x-ray spectrum.

    abstract:PURPOSE:A 3-year project called LABSYNC has been recently funded by the European Commission, with the aim of designing a radiation facility based on a compact light source, i.e., a laboratory-sized commercial synchrotron, capable of accelerating electrons up to 6 or 20 MeV. An accurate spectral description of hard x ra...

    journal_title:Medical physics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1118/1.3223357

    authors: Marziani M,Taibi A,Di Domenico G,Gambaccini M

    更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00

  • Cascaded systems analysis of the 3D noise transfer characteristics of flat-panel cone-beam CT.

    abstract::The physical factors that govern 2D and 3D imaging performance may be understood from quantitative analysis of the spatial-frequency-dependent signal and noise transfer characteristics [e.g., modulation transfer function (MTF), noise-power spectrum (NPS), detective quantum efficiency (DQE), and noise-equivalent quanta...

    journal_title:Medical physics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1118/1.3002414

    authors: Tward DJ,Siewerdsen JH

    更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00

  • WE-G-217A-08: Routine ACR SNR Measurement Failed to Detect 32-Channel Head Coil Receiver Malfunction.

    abstract:PURPOSE:To study if malfunction of a receiver can be detected robustly using the simple ACR SNR measurement approach on a 32-channel head coil. METHODS:Standard ACR T1W images (11slice) were acquired with a commercial 32 channel head coil on a 3T Philips Achieva MR scanner following the ACR recommended setup. Raw data...

    journal_title:Medical physics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1118/1.4736227

    authors: Peng Q

    更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00

  • Noninvasive cardiac arrhythmia ablation with particle beams.

    abstract::Cardiac arrhythmias are a major health burden, associated with reduced quality of life and substantial morbidity and mortality. Current therapy includes moderately effective medication and catheter-based ablation of arrhythmogenic substrates in the heart. Catheter interventions frequently have to be repeated due to re...

    journal_title:Medical physics

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1002/mp.12595

    authors: Graeff C,Bert C

    更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00

  • Computerized characterization of masses on mammograms: the rubber band straightening transform and texture analysis.

    abstract::A new rubber band straightening transform (RBST) is introduced for characterization of mammographic masses as malignant or benign. The RBST transforms a band of pixels surrounding a segmented mass onto the Cartesian plane (the RBST image). The border of a mammographic mass appears approximately as a horizontal line, a...

    journal_title:Medical physics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1118/1.598228

    authors: Sahiner B,Chan HP,Petrick N,Helvie MA,Goodsitt MM

    更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00

  • Anatomical pulmonary magnetic resonance imaging segmentation for regional structure-function measurements of asthma.

    abstract:PURPOSE:Pulmonary magnetic-resonance-imaging (MRI) and x-ray computed-tomography have provided strong evidence of spatially and temporally persistent lung structure-function abnormalities in asthmatics. This has generated a shift in their understanding of lung disease and supports the use of imaging biomarkers as inter...

    journal_title:Medical physics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1118/1.4948999

    authors: Guo F,Svenningsen S,Eddy RL,Capaldi DPI,Sheikh K,Fenster A,Parraga G

    更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00

  • Correspondence optimization in 2D standardized carotid wall thickness map by description length minimization: A tool for increasing reproducibility of 3D ultrasound-based measurements.

    abstract:PURPOSE:The previously described 2D standardized vessel-wall-plus-plaque thickness (VWT) maps constructed from 3D ultrasound vessel wall measurements using an arc-length (AL) scaling approach adjusted the geometric variability of carotid arteries and has allowed for the comparisons of VWT distributions in longitudinal ...

    journal_title:Medical physics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1118/1.4966702

    authors: Chen Y,Chiu B

    更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00

  • In-vivo rectal dose measurements with diodes to avoid misadministrations during intracavitary high dose rate brachytherapy for carcinoma of the cervix.

    abstract::Our purpose in this paper is to present an in vivo dosimetry program designed both for measuring the rectal dose and for avoiding misadministrations in gynecological intracavitary implants. A device containing an energy compensated diode was specially designed for these measurements. Our calibration procedure as well ...

    journal_title:Medical physics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1118/1.598598

    authors: Alecu R,Alecu M

    更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00

  • Skeletal dosimetry for external exposures to photons based on microCT images of spongiosa: consideration of voxel resolution, cluster size, and medullary bone surfaces.

    abstract::Skeletal dosimetry based on microCT images of trabecular bone has recently been introduced to calculate the red bone marrow (RBM) and the bone surface cell (BSC) equivalent doses in human phantoms for external exposure to photons. In order to use the microCT images for skeletal dosimetry, spongiosa voxels in the skele...

    journal_title:Medical physics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1118/1.3242266

    authors: Kramer R,Khoury HJ,Vieira JW,Robson Brown KA

    更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00

  • Dual cardiac and respiratory gated thoracic imaging via adaptive gantry velocity and projection rate modulation on a linear accelerator: A Proof-of-Concept Simulation Study.

    abstract:PURPOSE:Cardiac motion is typically not accounted for during pretreatment imaging for central lung and mediastinal tumors. However, cardiac induced tumor motion averages 5.8 mm for esophageal tumors and 3-5 mm for some lung tumors, which can result in positioning errors. Our aim is to reduce both cardiac- and respirato...

    journal_title:Medical physics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/mp.13670

    authors: Reynolds T,Shieh CC,Keall PJ,O'Brien RT

    更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00

  • Flattening filter removal for improved image quality of megavoltage fluoroscopy.

    abstract:PURPOSE:Removal of the linear accelerator (linac) flattening filter enables a high rate of dose deposition with reduced treatment time. When used for megavoltage imaging, an unflat beam has reduced primary beam scatter resulting in sharper images. In fluoroscopic imaging mode, the unflat beam has higher photon count pe...

    journal_title:Medical physics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1118/1.4812678

    authors: Christensen JD,Kirichenko A,Gayou O

    更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00