Abstract:
INTRODUCTION:In order to discover how well the discipline of clinical pharmacology (CP) has developed in Europe, a questionnaire survey was undertaken in 31 countries. METHODS:The senior delegate of each of the 31 countries on the Council of the European Association for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics (EACPT) was approached personally. This study was not an official EACPT survey. RESULTS:Based on the results of the completed survey forms, CP is recognized as an academic discipline in teaching and research fields in 28 of the 31 participating countries, but as a medical specialty in only 22 of these 31 countries. Surprisingly, France and Italy were two of the nine countries where CP was not recognized as a medical specialty. In 50 % of the countries where CP was recognized as a medical specialty, this recognition had occurred more than 30 years ago. The training of clinical pharmacologists in terms of years after internship varied between the countries. In eight countries the training was predominantly in internal medicine with shorter periods in pharmacology. In 11 countries the training was predominantly in CP, and in six countries there was dual training in pharmacology and clinical medicine. The training played a decisive role in terms of the clinical functions undertaken in health care. There was considerable variation in the numbers of clinical pharmacologists in each country, with the total figure varying between ≤ 10 to 600. In terms of the number of clinical pharmacologists per million inhabitants, nine countries have ≤ 1 (Belgium, Bulgaria, France, Greece, Italy, Lithuania, Poland, Turkey and UK) while four have ≥ 10 (Hungary, Norway, Slovakia and Sweden). Stumbling blocks which inhibit the development of CP as a discipline in health care are the lack of defined functions and consultant posts for clinical pharmacologists in health care in many countries and the underrepresentation of CP in pre- and postgraduate curricula. CONCLUSION:The majority of the responding countries suggested that EACPT should prioritize that CP becomes recognized and accredited as a European medical specialty.
journal_name
Eur J Clin Pharmacoljournal_title
European journal of clinical pharmacologyauthors
Orme M,Sjöqvist Fdoi
10.1007/s00228-013-1519-3subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-09-01 00:00:00pages
1635-9issue
9eissn
0031-6970issn
1432-1041journal_volume
69pub_type
杂志文章abstract:OBJECTIVE:To analyse whether first-time use of antidepressants (incidence) and selection of TCAs (tricyclic antidepressants) versus new-generation drugs are associated with socio-economic status and psychiatric history. METHOD:We conducted a population-based cohort study using registry data covering Funen County, Denm...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of cimetidine and ranitidine on doxepin pharmacokinetics was studied in 6 healthy volunteers. Each subject completed 3 study phases: Treatment A, 9 consecutive doses of 50 mg doxepin (once daily); Treatment B, same as Treatment A but co-administration of cimetidine 600 mg b.i.d. starting after the sixth dox...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
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journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
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abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine the variability of coumarin 7- and 3-hydroxylation in a human population and to evaluate the evidence for the existence of genetic polymorphism in these pathways. 7-Hydroxylation of coumarin is considered to be a detoxication pathway, whilst 3-hydroxylation, which predominates in rats, leads to h...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
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abstract::An analytical procedure for the simultaneous determination of pethidine and its N-Demethylated metabolite, norpethidine, in plasma is described. Pethidine and norpethidine are separated by partition chromatography, converted to the trichloroethyl carbamate with trichloroethyl chloroformate and determined by electron c...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
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abstract::A new acid thiol, 2-mercaptopropionate, has been identified by GC-MS in urine from cystinuric patients on treatment with 2-mercaptopropionylglycine. The amount excreted was 50-300 mumol/24h and it was correlated with the oral dose of 2-mercaptopropionyl-glycine. The observation may be of clinical importance as the met...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
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journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
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doi:10.1007/s00228-004-0745-0
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00558504
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The existence of gender differences in the management of statin therapy among patients with chronic heart failure (HF) is still poorly investigated. We aimed at exploring the effect of gender on statin prescription rates and adequacy of dosing and on the association between statin therapy and all-cause 1-year m...
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更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Twenty-nine cases of self-poisoning with antidepressants (amitriptyline, imipramine, clomipramine, maprotiline, doxepine, nortriptyline, opipramol) were examined by frequent observation of CNS effects, heart rate, blood pressure and standard ECG, 24h-ECG-monitoring, measurement of systolic time intervals, EEG recordin...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
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更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Drug-related problems (DRPs) are common in paediatric pharmacotherapy, but few studies describe them from the parents' perspective. In the present survey, we have investigated the lifetime prevalence and type of DRPs in children in Finland. METHODS:This was a population-based survey of a random sample of 6,000...
journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s00228-012-1426-z
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s00228-016-2108-z
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To investigate if the ordinary use of a vaginal suppository containing miconazole results in systemic absorption that is sufficient to affect the activities of CYP1A2 and CYP3A4, which are major drug- and steroid-metabolising enzymes. METHODS:In 20 healthy non-pregnant women aged 18-45 years, the serum concent...
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doi:10.1007/s00228-010-0906-2
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
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更新日期:1977-07-19 00:00:00
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更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期:2020-11-11 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期:1977-11-14 00:00:00
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更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00