Pulmonary and latent tuberculosis screening in opiate drug users: an essential and neglected approach for harm-reduction facilities.

Abstract:

OBJECTIVES:Opiates drug users are at much higher risk of developing tuberculosis (TB) infection than general population. We conducted this study to determine the susceptibility for pulmonary and latent TB infection in opiates drug users. METHODS:In this cross-sectional study, all opiates drug users referred to drop-in centers, methadone maintenance clinics, and harm-reduction facilities affiliated with Shiraz University of Medical Sciences in southern Iran were screened for pulmonary and latent TB infection. RESULTS:The participation rate of opiate drug users was 87.66% (263 of 300). Mean age was 37.37 ± 8.33 (range, 20-65) years. Two hundred twenty-six (85.93%) were male and 197 (74.90%) were injection drug users (IDUs). One hundred sixty-three (61.97%) had TB-related symptoms. Culture for TB was positive in 3 patients (1.14%) (2 non-IDUs and 1 IDU). Two patients (0.76%) showed acid-fast bacilli in the direct sputum smear. Eighty-five of 244 patients (34.83%) had a 5- to 10-mm induration in the skin TB test. Twenty-nine of 223 patients (13%) had abnormal findings from chest x-ray films. CONCLUSIONS:The prevalence of smear-positive pulmonary TB in opiate drug users is more than 100 times in the general population in Iran. Therefore, active and appropriate screening to detect pulmonary TB infection should be integrated into routine activities at all harm-reduction facilities for drug users, irrespective of their route of drug use or human immunodeficiency virus status, in this country.

journal_name

J Addict Med

authors

Honarvar B,Lankarani KB,Odoomi N,Roudgari A,Moghadami M,Kazerooni PA,Abadi AH

doi

10.1097/ADM.0b013e31828d05ab

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2013-07-01 00:00:00

pages

230-5

issue

4

eissn

1932-0620

issn

1935-3227

journal_volume

7

pub_type

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