Abstract：
OBJECTIVE:To simulate possible changes in systematic review results if rapid review methods were used. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:We recalculated meta-analyses for binary primary outcomes in Cochrane systematic reviews, simulating rapid review methods. We simulated searching only PubMed, excluding older articles (5, 7, 10, 15, and 20 years before the search date), excluding smaller trials (<50, <100, and <200 participants), and using the largest trial only. We examined percentage changes in pooled odds ratios (ORs) (classed as no important change [<5%], small [<20%], moderate [<30%], or large [≥30%]), statistical significance, and biases observed using rapid methods. RESULTS:Two thousand five hundred and twelve systematic reviews (16,088 studies) were included. Rapid methods resulted in the loss of all data in 3.7-44.7% of meta-analyses. Searching only PubMed had the smallest risk of changed ORs (19% [477/2,512] were small changes or greater; 10% [260/2,512] were moderate or greater). Changes in ORs varied substantially with each rapid review method; 8.4-21.3% were small, 1.9-8.8% were moderate, and 4.7-34.1% were large. Changes in statistical significance occurred in 6.5-38.6% of meta-analyses. Changes from significant to nonsignificant were most common (2.1-13.7% meta-analyses). We found no evidence of bias with any rapid review method. CONCLUSION:Searching PubMed only might be considered where a ∼10% risk of the primary outcome OR changing by >20% could be tolerated. This could be the case in scoping reviews, resource limitation, or where syntheses are needed urgently. Other situations, such as clinical guidelines and regulatory decisions, favor more comprehensive systematic review methods.
journal_name
J Clin Epidemioljournal_title
Journal of clinical epidemiologyauthors
Marshall IJ,Marshall R,Wallace BC,Brassey J,Thomas Jdoi
10.1016/j.jclinepi.2018.12.015subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-05-01 00:00:00pages
30-41eissn
0895-4356issn
1878-5921pii
S0895-4356(18)30893-Xjournal_volume
109pub_type
杂志文章,meta分析abstract：OBJECTIVE:The framework consists of cohort or case-series studies with intermittent exposure and two types of events. The aim is to define and estimate an association measure between the exposure and the occurrence of one type of event rather than the other. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:The model and the estimation method...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2006.07.014
更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:In multisite human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) observational cohorts, clustering of observations often occurs within sites. Ignoring clustering may lead to "Simpson's paradox" (SP) where the trend observed in the aggregated data is reversed when the groups are separated. This study aimed to investigate the ...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2016.01.030
更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Scotland has one of the highest mortality rates from coronary heart disease for both men and women. However within Scotland there are major geographical differences in the mortality rates, exemplified by the differences between the two largest Scottish cities. Glasgow on the west has a much higher mortality rate for c...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0895-4356(90)90033-l
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The objective of this study was to assess whether trials with a positive (i.e., statistically significant) outcome are cited more often than negative trials. We reviewed 530 randomized clinical trials on hepato-biliary diseases published in 11 English-language journals indexed in MEDLINE from 1985-1996. From each tria...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0895-4356(01)00513-3
更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Breast cancer therapy is often followed by a decline in upper-body function. Women (303) diagnosed with stage I or II breast cancer were interviewed 5 and 21 months after surgery and their medical records were reviewed. Women with cardiopulmonary comorbidity had an odds ratio for decline at the 5-month interview of 2....
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0895-4356(99)00176-6
更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The history of the application of statistical theory to the analysis of clinical trials is reviewed. The current orthodoxy is a somewhat illogical hybrid of the original theory of significance tests of Edgeworth, Karl Pearson, and Fisher, and the subsequent decision theory approach of Neyman, Egon Pearson, and Wald. T...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0895-4356(99)00156-0
更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The objective was to estimate the presence and extent to which potentially unnecessary and therefore maybe wasteful clinical trials regarding relevant interventions and outcomes in major clinical areas had been conducted. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:From current Cochrane collaboration systematic reviews in majo...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2016.11.003
更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study reports the use of psychotropic drugs and pregnancy outcome in a prospective survey carried out in northern Finland in 1985-1986, consisting of 7933 pregnant women and their 8030 births. Of the mothers, 120 (1.5%) used psychotropic drugs during pregnancy and of them 26 (0.3% of the total) used these drugs b...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0895-4356(96)00203-x
更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The probability of a disease, given the result of two diagnostic tests, can be calculated by multiplying the odds of disease after the first test by the likelihood ratio of the second test. OBJECTIVE:To illustrate the error that occurs when calculating disease probability by combining the results of tests t...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2009.04.010
更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:New evidence continues to emerge and requires attention after the release of a clinical practice guideline (CPG). The objective of this article is to describe the Document Assessment and Review (DAR) strategy designed to ensue that the CPGs remain current and their quality maintained and to present the resul...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2014.06.013
更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To explore implications of using systematic drug class reviews to develop U.S. Medicaid drug formularies. We assess racial/ethnic, gender, and socioeconomic status (SES) concordance between Medicaid populations and studies synthesized in Drug Effectiveness Review Project (DERP) systematic reviews. STUDY DESI...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2009.01.009
更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:When studying the effects of a non-pharmacologic intervention, the choice of a control group is often difficult. In a study on the effectiveness of increased water intake on voiding dysfunction in elderly men we used an unusual design. This article addresses the internal validty and ethics of this design. ST...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2004.08.009
更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We examined whether sociodemographic, health, and psychosocial factors predict stage at diagnosis in 444 women aged 55-84 with newly diagnosed, microscopically confirmed breast cancer. Stage was defined as local or advanced (regional or remote). One of the most interesting predictors of disease stage was living arrang...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0895-4356(93)90021-r
更新日期：1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study was to examine the proportion of men who died from prostate cancer (PrCa) vs. with PrCa and assess the comorbid conditions associated with other-cause deaths. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:We identified all male decedents aged >/=65 years in Jefferson County, AL, in 1993-1995. By crossli...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2003.11.009
更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Prediction models are developed to aid health care providers in estimating the probability or risk that a specific disease or condition is present (diagnostic models) or that a specific event will occur in the future (prognostic models), to inform their decision making. However, the overwhelming evidence shows that th...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2014.11.010
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The objective of this study was to identify characteristics of nonrespondents and late respondents in a population-based case-control study on lung cancer conducted in the city of Turin (Italy). Information about demographic and socioeconomic variables of 634 cases and 859 controls who responded to an interview, as we...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0895-4356(02)00455-9
更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A visible result of the 20-year old applied ethics movement is the use of moral philosophers as quotable newspaper sources. In situations like the op-ed page, adequate space and time allows for serious reflection, and the columns provide accessible, quality ideas for the general public. Quality usually disappears wh...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0895-4356(92)90058-u
更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We assessed the relationship between characteristics of stroke victims and the risk of early death from coronary or cerebrovascular disease (CCVD) among their children. For each of 55 stroke patients selected from a registry which enrolled patients between 1969 and 1973, an index of their progeny's survival was calcul...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0895-4356(90)90055-t
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pulmonary embolism (PE) causes substantial morbidity and mortality, but little information is available regarding recent secular trends for PE. This study determined trends for PE in adults ages 30 to 84 years in the Minneapolis-St. Paul metropolitan area from 1980 to 1995. The age-adjusted mortality rate for PE decre...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0895-4356(99)00147-x
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To judge the effect on blood pressure, sodium intake of students at two boarding high schools was reduced by 15-20% through changes in food purchasing and in preparation practices in the schools' kitchens. Students were not asked to change their usual eating habits. Each school served alternately as the control or int...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0895-4356(89)90056-5
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To provide GRADE guidance on how to prepare Summary of Findings tables and Evidence Profiles for time-to-event outcomes with a focus on the calculation of the corresponding absolute effect estimates. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:This guidance was justified by a research project identifying frequent errors and l...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2019.10.015
更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Adjudication committees (ACs) are recommended in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to standardize the assessment of events. We aimed to assess the reporting and functioning of ACs (synonyms: clinical event committees, endpoint committees) in clinical trials. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:We searched five high-...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2008.09.011
更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:The objective of this study was to determine the applicability of utilizing the N-of-1 method for deprescribing trials in older adults. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:Systematic review of any human studies conducted in older adults (≥50 years), deprescribing any long-term treatment over less than a year using the...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2017.09.015
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:The aim of this study was to reanalyze and reinterpret data obtained in Paracetamol in Acute Low Back Pain (PACE), the first large randomized controlled trial evaluating the efficacy of paracetamol in acute low back pain, to assess the inferential reproducibility of the original conclusions. STUDY DESIGN AN...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2020.01.010
更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The clinical correlates of advanced retinopathy were determined in a sample of 427 type II diabetic outpatients, aged 35 to 74 years, recruited in eight centers from all parts of France. The presence of retinopathy was assessed by fluorescein angiography with centralized interpretation. Advanced retinopathy (prolifera...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1016/0895-4356(95)00582-x
更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:The objective of the study was to identify factors affecting the use of the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement, specifically authors' attitudes toward and experiences with it. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:An online survey was distributed to authors of observa...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2019.07.019
更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:For people with dementia, the concept of quality of life (Qol) reflects the disease's impact on the whole person. Thus, Qol is an increasingly used outcome measure in dementia research. This systematic review was performed to identify available dementia-specific Qol measurements and to assess the quality of l...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2015.08.002
更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Correspondence analysis (CA) is a multivariate graphical technique designed to explore the relationships among categorical variables. Epidemiologists frequently collect data on multiple categorical variables with the goal of examining associations among these variables. Nevertheless, CA appears to be an under...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2009.08.008
更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To develop the first item bank to measure stress resilience (SR) in clinical populations. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:Qualitative item development resulted in an initial pool of 131 items covering a broad theoretical SR concept. These items were tested in n = 521 patients at a psychosomatic outpatient clinic. ...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2018.04.004
更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:The objective of the study was to identify determinants of external validity of prognostic models. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:We systematically searched for studies reporting prognostic models of heart failure (HF) and examined their performance for predicting 30-day death in a cohort of consecutive 3,452 acu...
journal_title：Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jclinepi.2020.01.011
更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
