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Clinical and Genetic Determinants of Varicose Veins.

Abstract：

BACKGROUND:Varicose veins are a common problem with no approved medical therapies. Although it is believed that varicose vein pathogenesis is multifactorial, there is limited understanding of the genetic and environmental factors that contribute to their formation. Large-scale studies of risk factors for varicose veins may highlight important aspects of pathophysiology and identify groups at increased risk for disease. METHODS:We applied machine learning to agnostically search for risk factors of varicose veins in 493 519 individuals in the UK Biobank. Predictors were further studied with univariable and multivariable Cox regression analyses (2441 incident events). A genome-wide association study of varicose veins was also performed among 337 536 unrelated individuals (9577 cases) of white British descent, followed by expression quantitative loci and pathway analyses. Because height emerged as a new candidate risk factor, we performed mendelian randomization analyses to assess a potential causal role for height in varicose vein development. RESULTS:Machine learning confirmed several known (age, sex, obesity, pregnancy, history of deep vein thrombosis) and identified several new risk factors for varicose vein disease, including height. After adjustment for traditional risk factors in Cox regression, greater height remained independently associated with varicose veins (hazard ratio for upper versus lower quartile, 1.74; 95% CI, 1.51-2.01; P<0.0001). A genome-wide association study identified 30 new genome-wide significant loci, identifying pathways involved in vascular development and skeletal/limb biology. Mendelian randomization analysis provided evidence that increased height is causally related to varicose veins (inverse-variance weighted: odds ratio, 1.26; P=2.07×10-16). CONCLUSIONS:Using data from nearly a half-million individuals, we present a comprehensive genetic and epidemiological study of varicose veins. We identified novel clinical and genetic risk factors that provide pathophysiological insights and could help future improvements of treatment of varicose vein disease.

journal_name

Circulation

journal_title

Circulation

authors

Fukaya E,Flores AM,Lindholm D,Gustafsson S,Zanetti D,Ingelsson E,Leeper NJ

doi

10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.035584

keywords:

["epidemiology","genetics","genome-wide association study","varicose veins"]

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2018-12-18 00:00:00

pages

2869-2880

issue

eissn

0009-7322

issn

1524-4539

journal_volume

138

pub_type

杂志文章,多中心研究

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Clinical and Genetic Determinants of Varicose Veins.