Abstract：
:Writing and publishing a scientific paper in academic journals is a highly competitive, time-consuming stepwise process. The road to scientific writing and publication is rarely straightforward. Scientific writing has uniform format, which is perplexing for the novice science writers due to its inflexible anatomy (structure) and physiology (functions). Many obstacles are allied with the scientific writing path which can be minimized by applying some simple guidelines and practices. The scientific papers have an almost similar format but, original articles are divided into distinct sections and each segment contains a specific type of information. The basic anatomy of scientific papers is mainly comprised of the structure of the various components of a scientific paper, including title, abstract, introduction, methods, results, discussion, conclusion, acknowledgments and references. However, the physiology of a scientific paper is difficult to understand. Early career researchers and trainees may be less familiar with the various components of scientific papers. In this study, we applied an observational approach to describe the essential steps to facilitate the readers and writers to understand the basic characteristics, anatomy and physiology of writing the various sections of a scientific paper for an academic science journal.
journal_name
Saudi J Biol Scijournal_title
Saudi journal of biological sciencesauthors
Meo SAdoi
10.1016/j.sjbs.2018.01.004subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-11-01 00:00:00pages
1278-1283issue
7eissn
1319-562Xissn
2213-7106pii
S1319-562X(18)30013-5journal_volume
25pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:We assessed the prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains on surfaces of hospital dental clinics. Specimens were obtained from 5 clinically symptoms-free patients of five different specialties clinics (Implantology, Pediatric Dentistry, Prosthetics, Restorative Dentistry, and Oral Medici...
journal_title：Saudi journal of biological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.sjbs.2018.03.006
更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study was conducted to identify how exposure to ambient noise that is over 75 dB affects the oxidant-antioxidant profile using hematological and biochemical indicators, and to investigate the effects of a strong and current antioxidant, α lipoic acid, on rats that wer...
journal_title：Saudi journal of biological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.sjbs.2018.08.008
更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus2 (SARS-CoV2) provoked alertness globally. Existing pandemic eruption of infections with SARS-CoV2 has been phrased as coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19). Worldwide pneumonia outburst attributable to new SARS-CoV2 alleged to be originated in Wuhan city of China and has aff...
journal_title：Saudi journal of biological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.07.026
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The traditional medicine based on medicinal plants in the Kingdom of Arabia Saudia presents a strong relationship belonging to natural remedies, health, diet, and folk healing practice recognized by a specific culture. The aim of the current study is to carry out an ethnobotanical review on medicinal plants used in tr...
journal_title：Saudi journal of biological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.06.020
更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this study, anti-convulsant effect of Sidr leaf extract was examined by using pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) model on male albino rat by evaluating the changes in norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA) and serotonin (5-HT) contents in different brain regions (cerebellum, brainstem, striatum, cerebral cortex, hypothalamus and ...
journal_title：Saudi journal of biological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.sjbs.2010.05.003
更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of exposing meat-type breeder eggs to magnetic field (MF) before incubation on hatchability traits (percents of hatchability and hatchability failures of eggs), chick weight at hatch, and post-hatch performance (weight gain, feed intake, and feed conversion ratio (FCR)) from 1 to 39 d of age were investiga...
journal_title：Saudi journal of biological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.sjbs.2011.06.004
更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To discuss the cold resistance performance of different Herba Rhodiolae and successfully transplant Herba Rhodiolae to the Gansu plateau area for nursing, domestication and planting, this paper systematically studies six physiological and biochemical features of Rhodiola kirilowii, Rhodiola algida, Rhodiola crenulata ...
journal_title：Saudi journal of biological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.sjbs.2015.10.007
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are gaining considerable importance due to their attractive physicochemical properties for many applications. In the present study, (Ag NPs) were synthesized by the reduction of aqueous solutions of silver nitrate (AgNO3) with powder and solvent extracts of Padina pavonia (brown algae). Th...
journal_title：Saudi journal of biological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.sjbs.2018.01.007
更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Salt stress, which is dominant among environmental stresses, poses challenges to global agriculture. We studied the role of exogenous application of sodium chloride (NaCl) in three arid and three semi-arid genotypes of mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] by examining some physiological and biochemical stress indicat...
journal_title：Saudi journal of biological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.sjbs.2018.08.006
更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rhazya stricta Decne is an important medicinal species used in indigenous medicinal herbal drugs to cure various diseases in South Asia (Pakistan, India and Afghanistan) and in the Middle East (e.g. Saudi Arabia, Qatar, United Arab Emirates (UAE), Iran and Iraq). Some of its alkaloids have been reported to have antica...
journal_title：Saudi journal of biological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.sjbs.2015.10.017
更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lethal and sub lethal effects of fresh and old residues of azadirachtin, spinosad, Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki (Bt var. k), and deltamethrin, were evaluated at their recommended field doses against adult and immature stages of Trichogramma brassicae under in vitro conditions. The experiments were carried out ...
journal_title：Saudi journal of biological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.sjbs.2016.04.007
更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：Objective:The objective was to investigate the expression of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), as well as the effects of macrophage MIF on tumor cells. Methods:The human NSCLC cell strains H358 and H524 were selected as research objects. The Real-Time Polymerase Chain ...
journal_title：Saudi journal of biological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.04.027
更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Influenza viruses are recognized as one of the major causes of respiratory tract infection in young children and elderly people throughout the world. In this report, influenza B virus was detected when 200 clinical samples of nasopharyngeal aspirates, collected from hospitalized children aged from one month to three y...
journal_title：Saudi journal of biological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.sjbs.2009.10.008
更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Schistosomiasis is still one of the main parasitic diseases that affect human health in tropical regions. Whilst praziquantel (PZQ) is the main classic antischistosomal drug, the need for new drugs is still a must due to the low effectiveness of the drug on the schistosome young worms, and the evolving of PZQ resistan...
journal_title：Saudi journal of biological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.sjbs.2016.12.017
更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Accurate and up to date land use and land cover (LU/LC) changes information is the main source to understanding and assessing the environmental outcomes of such changes and is important for development plans. Thus, this study quantified the outlines of land cover variation of 10-years in the northwestern costal land o...
journal_title：Saudi journal of biological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.07.021
更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Generally, under normal conditions plants are resistant to many of the incompatible pathogens (viral, fungal and bacterial), and this is named "non-host resistance phenomenon". To understand this phenomenon, different types of food crops (faba bean, squash, barley and wheat) were inoculated with compatible and incompa...
journal_title：Saudi journal of biological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.sjbs.2019.12.041
更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as key players in host-pathogen interaction and many virus-encoded miRNAs have been identified (computationally and/or experimentally) in a variety of organisms. A novel Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrosis virus (BmNPV)-encoded miRNA miR-415 was previously identified through high-throughput ...
journal_title：Saudi journal of biological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.sjbs.2015.09.020
更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study was designed to investigate the antihypertensive and antioxidant effect of Melothria maderaspatana leaf extract (MME) on sham-operated and DOCA-salt (deoxycorticosterone acetate) induced hypertensive rats. Administration of DOCA-salt significantly increased the systolic (from 127 to 212 mm Hg) and di...
journal_title：Saudi journal of biological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.sjbs.2010.05.002
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Birds' nests may be refuges for various species of fungi including that which are potentially phytopathogenic and zoopathogenic. Among the 2449 isolates of fungi obtained from nests of Marsh harriers 96.8% belonged to filamentous fungi. In total, 37 genera were identified from 63 fungi species. Within the mycobiotas o...
journal_title：Saudi journal of biological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.sjbs.2017.03.016
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is designed to discuss the relationship between the expression of chemokine receptor 7 (chemokine receptor 7, CXCR7) and nuclear transcription factor-κB (nuclear factor kappa B, NF-κB) and the occurrence of the breast cancer and lymphatic metastasis. METHOD:80 samples were excised and confirmed as breast cancer th...
journal_title：Saudi journal of biological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.sjbs.2017.11.009
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to evaluate cadmium stress induced changes in the growth, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant activity of Bassia indica associated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and their amelioration by calcium application. Cadmium stress can cause alterations in the physiological and biochemical pr...
journal_title：Saudi journal of biological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.sjbs.2016.11.003
更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The intention of the present wok is to provide an account on the pollen morphological features of Lamiaceae in Saudi Arabia as a basis for future studies of Lamiaceae pollens in the region. Pollen morphology of 20 species belong to 16 genera of the Lamiaceae has been investigated using Light Microscope (LM) and Scanni...
journal_title：Saudi journal of biological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.sjbs.2017.03.001
更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Periodontitis is commonly diagnosed based on clinical parameters. However, the analysis of a few unique biomarkers of the disease process present in the saliva and blood can further assist the estimation of the rate of disease progression. Aim:The present study attempted to correlate the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) an...
journal_title：Saudi journal of biological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.10.016
更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：Objectives:Comparison of Ticagrelor vs clopidogrel in antiplatelet therapeutic effect of acute myocardial infarction patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. Methods:The study focused on 2000 acute myocardial infarction patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in our hospital from Ja...
journal_title：Saudi journal of biological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.sjbs.2017.11.020
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study aims to present an integrated process that can be used to produce biomedical and biological active components from the fruit shell of Camellia oleifera Abel. Through the Foss method, Aldehyde, acid compounds, acyl and alcohol compounds account for 22.7, 15.93, 0.24 and 61.13% of the extractives which were e...
journal_title：Saudi journal of biological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.sjbs.2017.08.006
更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Thiocyclam (trade name Evisect) is a broad-spectrum nereistoxin analogue insecticide used widely for agricultural applications. The aim of this investigation was to determine its genotoxic effects in the chromosome aberration (CA) test and determining of mitotic index (MI), using lymphocytes from peripheral blood samp...
journal_title：Saudi journal of biological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.sjbs.2010.04.004
更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Regular exposure to stress causes alteration in biochemical parameter but till date no specific medicine prescribed for controlling it. Current study aimed to determine the effect of Diazepam on proinflammatory and cardiac markers in stress exposed rats. Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups with six animals ...
journal_title：Saudi journal of biological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.10.042
更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study was carried out to evaluate the anti-obesity effect of Vernonia amygdalina Del. (VA) supplemented diet. VA leaf powder was fed at 5% and 15% to diet-induced obese rats for 4 weeks and its effect compared with orlistat (5.14 mg/kg p.o.), an anti-obesity drug. Food intake, body and organ weights, total body f...
journal_title：Saudi journal of biological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.sjbs.2012.05.003
更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Over the last decade, communication industries have witnessed a tremendous expansion, while, the biological effects of electromagnetic waves have not been fully elucidated. Current study aimed at evaluating the mutagenic effect of long-term exposure to 900-MHz radiation on alpha-Int1 gene sequences of Candida albicans...
journal_title：Saudi journal of biological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.sjbs.2015.05.001
更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Vitamin D deficiency is a pandemic problem and an ever-increasing issue in human nutrition and health. Vitamin D (serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D) deficiency causes many health problems such as autoimmune diseases, Crohn's disease, diabetes, inflammation, asthma, hypertension, and cancer. Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) defici...
journal_title：Saudi journal of biological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.08.008
更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00
