Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke-like (MELAS) syndrome is a rare condition with heterogeneous clinical presentation. Cardiac involvement commonly develops during adulthood, comprising both structural and conduction/arrhythmic abnormalities; early paediatric onset has rarely been reported. We describe the clinical profile, outcome and clinical implication of MELAS-associated cardiomyopathy at a tertiary referral centre. METHODS:From 2000 to 2016 we enrolled 21 patients affected by genetically-proven MELAS. Patients were followed-up at least annually over a mean of 8.5 years. RESULTS:All patients carried the MT-TL1 3243A>G mutation. Cardiac involvement was documented in 8 (38%) patients (three <18 years; five ≥18 years), including 6 (75%) with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, 1 (12.5%) with dilated cardiomyopathy, and 1 (12.5%) with persistent pulmonary hypertension. During follow-up, 3 patients died, all with cardiac onset <18 years. The cause of death, however, was non-cardiac (infections, respiratory failure, stroke). Neither events nor cardiac progression were recorded among patients with onset ≥18 years. Adult cardiologists were responsible for 5/8 of referrals, even in patients with long-standing extra-cardiac involvement. CONCLUSIONS:Cardiac involvement was found in over 1/3 of patients with MELAS syndrome, and exhibited a bimodal age-related distribution with distinct final outcomes. Paediatric-onset cardiomyopathy represented a hallmark of systemic disease severity, without being the main determinant of outcome. Conversely, adult-onset cardiomyopathy appeared to represent a mild and non-progressive mid-term manifestation. Adult cardiologists played an important role in the diagnostic process, triggering suspicion of MELAS in most of patients diagnosis >18 years.
journal_name
Int J Cardioljournal_title
International journal of cardiologyauthors
Brambilla A,Favilli S,Olivotto I,Calabri GB,Porcedda G,De Simone L,Procopio E,Pasquini E,Donati MAdoi
10.1016/j.ijcard.2018.10.051subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-02-01 00:00:00pages
14-19eissn
0167-5273issn
1874-1754pii
S0167-5273(18)34949-0journal_volume
276pub_type
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