Abstract:
:Leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptors (LILRs), also called CD85s, ILTs, or LIRs, are important mediators of immune activation and tolerance that contain tandem immunoglobulin (Ig)-like folds. There are 11 (in addition to two pseudogenes) LILRs in total, two with two Ig-like domains (D1D2) and the remaining nine with four Ig-like domains (D1D2D3D4). Thus far, the structural features of the D1D2 domains of LILR proteins are well defined, but no structures for the D3D4 domains have been reported. This is a very important field to be studied as it relates to the unknown functions of the D3D4 domains, as well as their relative orientation to the D1D2 domains on the cell surface. Here, we report the crystal structures of the D3D4 domains of both LILRB1 and LILRB2. The two Ig-like domains of both LILRB1-D3D4 and LILRB2-D3D4 are arranged at an acute angle (∼60°) to form a bent structure, resembling the structures of natural killer inhibitory receptors. Based on these two D3D4 domain structures and previously reported D1D2/HLA I complex structures, two alternative models of full-length (four Ig-like domains) LILR molecules bound to HLA I are proposed.
journal_name
Protein Celljournal_title
Protein & cellauthors
Nam G,Shi Y,Ryu M,Wang Q,Song H,Liu J,Yan J,Qi J,Gao GFdoi
10.1007/s13238-013-3908-xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-10-01 00:00:00pages
761-70issue
10eissn
1674-800Xissn
1674-8018journal_volume
4pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
Protein & Cell文献大全abstract::Coronaviruses are the causative agent of respiratory and enteric diseases in animals and humans. One example is SARS, which caused a worldwide health threat in 2003. In coronaviruses, the structural protein N (nucleocapsid protein) associates with the viral RNA to form the filamentous nucleocapsid and plays a crucial ...
journal_title:Protein & cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s13238-010-0079-x
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study was designed to evaluate ERK5 expression in lung cancer and malignant melanoma progression and to ascertain the involvement of ERK5 signaling in lung cancer and melanoma. We show that ERK5 expression is abundant in human lung cancer samples, and elevated ERK5 expression in lung cancer was linked to the acqu...
journal_title:Protein & cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s13238-020-00701-1
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous clonal disorder of myeloid precursors arrested in their maturation, creating a diverse disease entity with a wide range of responses to historically standard treatment approaches. While significant progress has been made in characterizing and individualizing the disease ...
journal_title:Protein & cell
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s13238-013-3057-2
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::With the smooth move towards the coming expected clinical reports of anticancer pharmaceutical molecules targeting telomeres and telomerase, and also with the exciting success in the extension of lifespan by regulating telomerase activity without increased onset of oncogenesis in laboratory mouse models (Garcia-Cao et...
journal_title:Protein & cell
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s13238-013-3002-4
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Escherichia coli fadR protein product, a paradigm/prototypical FadR regulator, positively regulates fabA and fabB, the two critical genes for unsaturated fatty acid (UFA) biosynthesis. However the scenario in the other Ɣ-proteobacteria, such as Shewanella with the marine origin, is unusual in that Rodionov and cow...
journal_title:Protein & cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s13238-015-0172-2
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Emerging and re-emerging RNA viruses occasionally cause epidemics and pandemics worldwide, such as the on-going outbreak of the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. Herein, we identified two potent inhibitors of human DHODH, S312 and S416, with favorable drug-likeness and pharmacokinetic profiles, which all showed broad-spec...
journal_title:Protein & cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s13238-020-00768-w
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hannum and colleagues performed DNA methylation sequencing to examine the relationship between DNA methylome and aging rate. Notably, they succeeded in building a quantitative and reproducible model based on the epigenetic bio-markers to predict aging rate with high accuracy. This progress enlightens us in many aspect...
journal_title:Protein & cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s13238-013-3913-0
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The self-renewal and multipotent potentials in neural stem cells (NSCs) maintain the normal physiological functions of central nervous system (CNS). The abnormal differentiation of NSCs would lead to CNS disorders. However, the mechanisms of how NSCs differentiate into astrocytes, oligodendrocytes (OLs) and neurons ar...
journal_title:Protein & cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s13238-012-0014-4
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis is characterized by senile plaques in the brain and evidence of oxidative damage. Oxidative stress may precede plaque formation in AD; however, the link between oxidative damage and plaque formation remains unknown. Presenilins are transmembrane proteins in which mutations lead to...
journal_title:Protein & cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s13238-011-1073-7
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diabetes mellitus has become one of the most common chronic diseases, thereby posing a major challenge to global health. Characterized by high levels of blood glucose (hyperglycemia), diabetes usually results from a loss of insulin-producing β-cells in the pancreas, leading to a deficiency of insulin (type 1 diabetes)...
journal_title:Protein & cell
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s13238-012-2055-0
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Arrestins are soluble relatively small 44-46 kDa proteins that specifically bind hundreds of active phosphorylated GPCRs and dozens of non-receptor partners. There are binding partners that demonstrate preference for each of the known arrestin conformations: free, receptor-bound, and microtubule-bound. Recent evidence...
journal_title:Protein & cell
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s13238-017-0501-8
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ultraviolet-B (UV-B) is a relatively minor component of sunlight, but can induce stress-related physiological processes or UV-B-specific photomorphogenic responses in plants. In the last decade, significant progress has been made in understanding the UV-B photomorphogenic pathway, including identification of the key c...
journal_title:Protein & cell
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s13238-013-3036-7
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fanconi anemia (FA) is an autosomal or X-linked recessive disorder characterized by chromosomal instability, bone marrow failure, cancer susceptibility, and a profound sensitivity to agents that produce DNA interstrand cross-link (ICL). To date, 15 genes have been identified that, when mutated, result in FA or an FA-l...
journal_title:Protein & cell
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s13238-011-1098-y
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Treatment of latent tuberculosis infection remains an important goal of global TB eradication. To this end, targets that are essential for intracellular survival of Mycobacterium tuberculosis are particularly attractive. Arylamine N-acetyltransferase (NAT) represents such a target as it is, along with the enzymes enco...
journal_title:Protein & cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s13238-010-0037-7
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thymic epithelial cells (TECs) are one of the most important components in thymic microenvironment supporting thymocyte development and maturation. TECs, composed of cortical and medullary TECs, are derived from a common bipotent progenitor, mediating thymocyte positive and negative selections. Multiple levels of sign...
journal_title:Protein & cell
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s13238-013-3014-0
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vision formation is classically based on projections from retinal ganglion cells (RGC) to the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) and the primary visual cortex (V1). Neurons in the mouse V1 are tuned to light stimuli. Although the cellular information of the retina and the LGN has been widely studied, the transcriptome p...
journal_title:Protein & cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s13238-020-00720-y
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human monocyte is an important cell type which is involved in various complex human diseases. To better understand the biology of human monocytes and facilitate further studies, we developed the first comprehensive proteome knowledge base specifically for human monocytes by integrating both in vivo and in vitro datase...
journal_title:Protein & cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s13238-016-0342-x
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::S-Nitros(yl)ation is a ubiquitous redox-based post-translational modification of protein cysteine thiols by nitric oxide or its derivatives, which transduces the bioactivity of nitric oxide (NO) by regulation of protein conformation, activity, stability, localization and protein-protein interactions. These years, more...
journal_title:Protein & cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s13238-012-2094-6
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most frequent human malignancies worldwide with very poor prognosis. It is generally accepted that the progression of HCC is a long-term process with accumulation of multiple genetic and epigenetic alterations, which further lead to the activation of critical oncogenes or i...
journal_title:Protein & cell
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s13238-014-0065-9
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Progranulin (PGRN) is a growth factor implicated in various pathophysiological processes, including wound healing, inflammation, tumorigenesis, and neurodegeneration. It was previously reported that PGRN binds to tumor necrosis factor receptors (TNFR) and has therapeutic effects in inflammatory arthritis (Tang et. al,...
journal_title:Protein & cell
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s13238-015-0213-x
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is a rare hereditary cerebrovascular disease caused by a NOTCH3 mutation. However, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms remain unidentified. Here, we generated non-integrative induced pluripotent stem cells...
journal_title:Protein & cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s13238-019-0608-1
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::FcγRIIB, the only inhibitory IgG Fc receptor, functions to suppress the hyper-activation of immune cells. Numerous studies have illustrated its inhibitory function through the ITIM motif in the cytoplasmic tail of FcγRIIB. However, later studies revealed that in addition to the ITIM, the transmembrane (TM) domain of F...
journal_title:Protein & cell
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s13238-018-0509-8
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) develops an antagonistic mechanism by which to evade the antiviral activities of interferon (IFN). Previous studies suggested that SARS-CoV papain-like protease (PLpro) inhibits activation of the IRF3 pathway, which would normally elicit a robust IFN response, but the mechanism(s) used by S...
journal_title:Protein & cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s13238-014-0026-3
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sometimes crystals cannot diffract X-rays beyond 3.0 Å resolution due to the intrinsic flexibility associated with the protein. Low resolution diffraction data not only pose a challenge to structure determination, but also hamper interpretation of mechanistic details. Crystals of a 25.6 kDa non-Pfam, hypothetical prot...
journal_title:Protein & cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s13238-010-0045-7
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the original publication the author's name 'Dimitri Lavillete' is published incorrectly. The correct author name should be spelt as 'Dimitri Lavillette' is provided in this correction. ...
journal_title:Protein & cell
pub_type: 已发布勘误
doi:10.1007/s13238-020-00801-y
更新日期:2020-11-09 00:00:00
abstract::The importance of NAC (named as NAM, ATAF1, 2, and CUC2) proteins in plant development, transcription regulation and regulatory pathways involving protein-protein interactions has been increasingly recognized. We report here the high resolution crystal structure of SNAC1 (stress-responsive NAC) NAC domain at 2.5 Å. Al...
journal_title:Protein & cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s13238-011-1010-9
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The liver is the largest internal organ in mammals, and is important for the maintenance of normal physiological functions of other tissues and organs. Hepatitis, cirrhosis, liver cancer and other chronic liver diseases are serious threats to human health, and these problems are compounded by a scarcity of liver donor...
journal_title:Protein & cell
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s13238-011-1023-4
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) is an important pattern recognition receptor that detects viral RNA and triggers the production of type-I interferons through the downstream adaptor MAVS (also called IPS-1, CARDIF, or VISA). A series of structural studies have elaborated some of the mechanisms of dsRNA recogniti...
journal_title:Protein & cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s13238-012-2088-4
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sterol-regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs) are the key transcriptional regulators of lipid metabolism. The activation of SREBP requires translocation of the SREBP precursor from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi, where it is sequentially cleaved by site-1 protease (S1P) and site-2 protease and releases a...
journal_title:Protein & cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s13238-020-00753-3
更新日期:2020-07-14 00:00:00
abstract::Dendritic cells (DCs) comprise two functionally distinct subsets: plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) and myeloid DCs (mDCs). pDCs are specialized in rapid and massive secretion of type I interferon (IFN-I) in response to nucleic acids through Toll like receptor (TLR)-7 or TLR-9. In this report, we characterized a CD56(+) DC popu...
journal_title:Protein & cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s13238-015-0140-x
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00