Abstract:
BACKGROUND:As medicinal and recreational marijuana use broadens across the United States, knowledge of its effects on the body will become increasingly important to all health care providers, including surgeons. DATA SOURCES:We performed a literature review of Pubmed for articles discussing the basic science related to cannabinoids, as well as articles regarding cannabinoid medications, and cannabis use in surgical patients. CONCLUSIONS:The primary components in the cannabis plant, tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD), have been made available in numerous forms and formulations to treat multiple medical conditions, and recreational access to marijuana is increasing. Of particular importance to the surgeon may be their effects on prolonging intestinal motility, decreasing inflammation, increasing hunger, mitigating pain, and reducing nausea and vomiting. Perioperative use of medicinal or recreational marijuana will become increasingly prevalent, and the surgeon should be aware of the positive and negative effects of these cannabinoids.
journal_name
Am J Surgjournal_title
American journal of surgeryauthors
Bakshi C,Barrett AMdoi
10.1016/j.amjsurg.2018.10.053subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-04-01 00:00:00pages
783-786issue
4eissn
0002-9610issn
1879-1883pii
S0002-9610(18)31123-1journal_volume
217pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Typhlitis is a neutropenic enterocolitis of varying severity. Its incidence is increasing, particularly in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia undergoing high dose cytosine arabinoside chemotherapy. The onset is heralded by prodromal fever, watery or bloody diarrhea, abdominal distension, and nausea during the ph...
journal_title:American journal of surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0002-9610(86)90547-7
更新日期:1986-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:This study characterizes the gastrointestinal (GI) microbiome in a pre-clinical polytrauma hemorrhage model. METHODS:Rats (n = 6) were anesthetized, hemorrhaged 20% of their blood volume, and subjected to a femur fracture and crush injuries to the small intestine, liver, and limb skeletal muscle without res...
journal_title:American journal of surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amjsurg.2018.07.026
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Abdominal muscular contractions may have a protective influence against the development of indirect inguinal hernia. A portion of the transversus abdominus muscles acts on the internal inguinal rings and produces a closure mechanism during voluntary abdominal muscular activity. It follows, therefore, that injury or in...
journal_title:American journal of surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0002-9610(82)90108-8
更新日期:1982-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic granulating wounds were established in rats by excising burns inoculated with Escherichia coli. Recombinant human basic fibroblast growth factor was applied at dosages of 1, 10, and 100 micrograms/cm2 to the wounds of three groups of 20 animals on days 5, 9, 12, 15, and 18 after injury. The rate of wound closu...
journal_title:American journal of surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0002-9610(92)90004-b
更新日期:1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The OX-40 receptor (OX-40R/CD134) is expressed primarily on activated CD4(+) ("helper") T cells. We have previously reported the presence of OX-40(+) T cells in head and neck cancer and melanoma, where they appear to be restricted to tumor compartments (primary tumor infiltrating lymphocytes [TILs] and drain...
journal_title:American journal of surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0002-9610(00)00361-5
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Recent cognitive research in medicine has demonstrated that expert diagnosticians solve many clinical problems through "pattern recognition" rather than deductive reasoning strategies. Development of the ability to recognize and diagnose common surgical problems is a critical objective of undergraduate surgi...
journal_title:American journal of surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/S0002-9610(99)80172-X
更新日期:1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adult male rats underwent common bile duct ligation or sham celiotomy. At intervals of 7 and 14 days postoperatively, bacteremia was induced by intravenous injection of 10(9) Escherichia coli or intraperitoneal injection of 10(6) E. coli. Serial quantitative blood cultures and quantitative whole organ cultures were ob...
journal_title:American journal of surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0002-9610(89)90530-8
更新日期:1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are sequelae of severe trauma. It is unknown if certain races are at greater risk of developing ALI/ARDS, and once established, if there are racial differences in the severity of lung injury or mortality. METHODS:Retrospective cohort stu...
journal_title:American journal of surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amjsurg.2010.02.003
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The risk of an injury of the laryngeal recurrent nerve is an important issue during any surgical procedure in the lower neck. METHODS:Based on our experience with the transcervical-subxiphoid bilateral videothoracoscopic maximal thymectomies, we developed an original technique of visualization for both of t...
journal_title:American journal of surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amjsurg.2004.08.064
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The results of aggressive surgical treatment of primary lip cancer and advanced and recurrent carcinoma of the lip are illustrated and discussed. Early detection of involved lymph nodes before capsular penetration occurs and careful and complete dissection of the submental and submandibular regions are advocated as po...
journal_title:American journal of surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0002-9610(76)90326-3
更新日期:1976-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Primary laparoscopic repair of unilateral inguinal hernias has not achieved widespread recognition mainly because of concerns over safety. METHODS:Prospective cohort study using the American College of Surgeons National Surgery Quality Improvement Program between 2005 and 2010. Complications in patients und...
journal_title:American journal of surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amjsurg.2013.10.017
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Studies of gender disparity in surgical training have yielded conflicting results. We hypothesize that there is no influence of gender on resident self-evaluation Milestone (SEM) scores and those assigned by the Clinical Competency Committee (CCC). METHODS:42 residents (25 male & 17 female) and faculty comp...
journal_title:American journal of surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amjsurg.2020.12.020
更新日期:2020-12-13 00:00:00
abstract::Ten laryngectomees underwent esophageal motility studies to assess the effect of laryngectomy on esophageal function. When these patients are compared with controls, marked derangements in esophageal motility were noted in the upper esophageal sphincter (UES) and in the body of the esophagus. Lower esophageal sphincte...
journal_title:American journal of surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0002-9610(76)90416-5
更新日期:1976-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) is a newly developing noninvasive examination of the biliopancreatic trees. Roles of MRCP in the diagnosis of pancreatic diseases have not been scrutinized. METHODS:Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and MRCP were reviewed in 52 Japanese ...
journal_title:American journal of surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0002-9610(97)00287-0
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Injuries to the inferior vena cava are being seen with increasing frequency in the civilian population. A review of the experience at UCLA/Harbor General Hospital Medical Center over a ten year period (1966 to 1976) discloses thirty-four patients with major injuries to the inferior vena cava, with an overall mortality...
journal_title:American journal of surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0002-9610(77)90279-3
更新日期:1977-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Previous reports of minimally invasive antireflux surgery for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) have been small, short-term series utilizing only a laparoscopic approach. We conducted a retrospective review and report our 66-month experience with more than 1,000 laparoscopic and thoracoscopic antireflux...
journal_title:American journal of surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0002-9610(98)00034-8
更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Increased anesthesia time may lead to respiratory complications in patients receiving tracheostomy, which contributes to patient morbidity. METHODS:The American College of Surgeon's National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS-NSQIP) database was queried for cases of planned tracheostomy (CPT 31600) f...
journal_title:American journal of surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amjsurg.2018.07.059
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Mucinous Cystic Neoplasms are mucin producing cysts of the pancreas with malignant potential. The existing literature on treatment outcomes is limited to relatively small surgical series. METHODS:We reviewed the National Cancer Database assessing the outcomes of patients with mucinous cystic neoplasms betwe...
journal_title:American journal of surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amjsurg.2020.09.006
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Trovafloxacin, a new fluoronaphthyridone derivative related to fluoroquinolone antimicrobial drugs, has demonstrated the following characteristics: significant gram-positive and gram-negative activity; significant activity against anaerobes and atypical respiratory pathogens; approximately 11-hour elimination half-lif...
journal_title:American journal of surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0002-9610(98)00213-x
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reoperation to remove an aortic graft was performed in 18 patients. The need for removal was infection in the majority. A changing flora was seen in aortic graft infection with gram-negative organisms predominating. Despite a standardized approach with total graft removal, aortic closure, and extraanatomic reconstruct...
journal_title:American journal of surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0002-9610(83)90371-9
更新日期:1983-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hypersplenism was not relieved by distal splenorenal shunting in 46 of 47 Japanese patients with nonalcoholic cirrhosis of the liver. However, the platelet count significantly increased by 40 percent of the preoperative value, whereas the increment in the white blood cell count was nil. Though the platelet count in 47...
journal_title:American journal of surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0002-9610(88)80164-8
更新日期:1988-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fifty-four patients receiving peripheral parenteral nutrition consisting of 3.5 percent amino acids in a 5 percent dextrose solution were randomly assigned in a double-blind fashion to receive this solution with or without an antiphlebitic mixture (1000 IU heparin, 5 mg hydrocortisone, and 1.8 mEq sodium hydroxide as ...
journal_title:American journal of surgery
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/0002-9610(86)90022-x
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:We describe an institutional program (INR- Interval NSQIP Review), to augment NSQIP utility through structured, multidisciplinary review of surgical outcomes in order to create near 'real-time' adverse event (AE) monitoring and improve surgeon awareness. METHODS:INR is a monthly meeting of quality analyst...
journal_title:American journal of surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amjsurg.2020.02.057
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Consistent weight reduction by gastroplasty requires precise construction of an appropriately sized stoma that will not dilate. The technique described constructs such a stoma around a 32 French Hurst dilator with an external ring of Silastic tubing over polypropylene suture. ...
journal_title:American journal of surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0002-9610(81)90206-3
更新日期:1981-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:We hypothesized that wide-field brachytherapy (BRT) after margin negative excision would result in complication rates, local recurrence rates, and cosmesis scores equivalent to external beam radiotherapy (ERT). METHODS:Patients with T(is,1,2) tumors less than or equal to 4 cm, 0 to 3 positive axillary nodes...
journal_title:American journal of surgery
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0002-9610(00)00454-2
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:When sentinel node dissection reveals breast cancer metastasis, completion axillary lymph node dissection is ideally performed during the same operation. Intraoperative histologic techniques have low and variable sensitivity. A new intraoperative molecular assay (GeneSearch BLN Assay; Veridex, LLC, Warren, N...
journal_title:American journal of surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amjsurg.2007.07.008
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Patients with cancer who undergo pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) followed by radiation and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) therapy have experienced median overall survival from 18 to 24 months and an actuarial 2-year overall survival from 34% to 48%. We previously reported an 84% 2-year survival using a novel adjuvant ch...
journal_title:American journal of surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0002-9610(03)00051-5
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Office of Quality and Performance's July 2009 report detailed the quality of VA colorectal cancer (CRC) care on the basis of 10 quality indicators (QIs). Of 21 Veterans Integrated Service Networks (VISNs), the authors' VISN ranked last or near last on more than half...
journal_title:American journal of surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amjsurg.2010.07.008
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia in the surgical intensive care unit continues to be problematic. The majority of intensive care units use clinical criteria based on chest x-ray; fever; leukocytosis; alterations in the pulse oximeter observations; the need to alter modes and amounts of ventilatory supp...
journal_title:American journal of surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Peritoneal macrophages play an important role in the immune response after abdominal operations. The stress response after these operations has been associated with impaired phagocytosis by peritoneal macrophages. This study examined the influence of minimally invasive techniques and preoperative corticoster...
journal_title:American journal of surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amjsurg.2008.07.023
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00