Abstract:
:A Multilayered Multidisk Tablet (MLMDT) comprising two drug-loaded disks enveloped by three drug-free barrier layers was developed for use in chronotherapeutic disorders, employing two model drugs, theophylline and diltiazem HCl. The MLMDT was designed to achieve two pulses of drug release separated by a lag phase. The polymer disk comprised hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC) and ethylcellulose (EC) granulated using an aqueous dispersion of EC. The polymeric barrier layers constituted a combination of pectin/Avicel (PBL) (1st barrier layer) and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) (HBL1 and HBL2) as the 2nd and 3rd barrier layers, respectively. Sodium bicarbonate was incorporated into the diltiazem-containing formulation for delayed drug release. Erosion and swelling studies confirmed the manner in which the drug was released with theophylline formulations exhibiting a maximum swelling of 97% and diltiazem containing formulations with a maximum swelling of 119%. FTIR spectra displayed no interactions between drugs and polymers. Molecular mechanics simulations were undertaken to predict the possible orientation of the polymer morphologies most likely affecting the MLMDT performance. The MLMDT provided two pulses of drug release, separated by a lag phase, and additionally it displayed desirable friability, hardness, and uniformity of mass indicating a stable formulation that may be a desirable candidate for chronotherapeutic drug delivery.
journal_name
Biomed Res Intjournal_title
BioMed research internationalauthors
Khan Z,Choonara YE,Kumar P,du Toit LC,Ndesendo VM,Pillay Vdoi
10.1155/2013/569470subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-01-01 00:00:00pages
569470eissn
2314-6133issn
2314-6141journal_volume
2013pub_type
杂志文章abstract::India is highly endemic to malaria with prevalence of all five species of human malaria parasites of Plasmodium genus. India is set for malaria elimination by 2030. Since cases of mixed Plasmodium species infections remain usually undetected but cause huge disease burden, in order to understand the distributional prev...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2017/2847548
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hosts' innate defense systems are upregulated by antimicrobial peptide elicitors (APEs). Our aim was to investigate the effects of hyperthermia, ultraviolet A rays (UVA), and ultraviolet C rays (UVC) as well as glucose and ascorbic acid (AA) on the regulation of human β-defensin 1 (DEFB1), cathelicidin (CAMP), and int...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2015/714580
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:Objective:To analyze the ten-year surgical outcomes and postoperative complications of French-Door laminoplasty (FDL) in the management of multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy (MCSM) and analyze the prognostic factors for FDL in treating MCSM. Methods:64 patients with MCSM, who were operated by FDL, were include...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2020/3627071
更新日期:2020-05-06 00:00:00
abstract::Insecticide resistance in malaria vectors threatens malaria prevention and control efforts. In Colombia the three primary vectors, Anopheles darlingi, An. nuneztovari s.l., and An. albimanus, have reported insecticide resistance to pyrethroids, organophosphates, carbamates, and DDT; however, the insecticide resistance...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2018/9163543
更新日期:2018-08-29 00:00:00
abstract::Background. In most reports on ECMO treatment, advanced age is classified as a contraindication to VA ECMO. We attempted to investigate whether advanced age would be a main risk factor deciding VA ECMO application and performing VA ECMO support. We determined whether advanced age should be regarded as an absolute or r...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2017/3505784
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) has demonstrated a tempting prospect for applications in substitute of small blood vessels. However, present technology is inefficient in production and BNC tubes have a layered structure that may bring danger after implanting. Double oxygen-permeable silicone tubes in different diameters...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2015/560365
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bacterial infections are the most common cause of purulent soft tissue inflammations in the head and neck area. These bacteria are also responsible for the majority of inflammatory complications after third molar removal. The key to success of antibacterial treatment in both cases is the use of an appropriate antibact...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2019/2010453
更新日期:2019-10-07 00:00:00
abstract::Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Adenocarcinoma, the most commonly diagnosed histologic type of lung cancer, is associated with smoking. Cigarette smoke promotes inflammation on the airways, which might be mediated by Th17 cells. This inflammatory environment may contribute to tumor developm...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2015/430943
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tau tubulin kinase 2 (TTBK2) is a kinase known to phosphorylate tau and tubulin. It has recently drawn much attention due to its involvement in multiple important cellular processes. Here, we review the current understanding of TTBK2, including its sequence, structure, binding sites, phosphorylation substrates, and ce...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1155/2015/575170
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::ACE inhibitory dipeptides from Xerocomus badius fermented shrimp processing waste were isolated with ethanol, macroporous resin, chloroform, and Sephadex G-10 in sequence and identified by LC-MS/MS system coupled with electrospray ionization source. Molecular docking was performed for exploring the mechanism of their ...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2018/5089270
更新日期:2018-05-08 00:00:00
abstract::Effective alteration of the recalcitrance properties like crystallization of cellulose, lignin shield, and interlinking of lignocellulosic biomass is an ideal way to utilize the full-scale potential for biofuel production. This study exhibited three different pretreatment effects to enhance the digestibility of corn s...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2016/2786598
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a severe complication after total hip arthroplasty (THA). It leads to acute pulmonary embolism, a life-threatening disease. P-selectin is a 140-kDa transmembrane glycoprotein. Elevated P-selectin was associated with 1.7-fold increase in the risk of venous thrombosis. MATERIAL...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2014/783967
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nutrient overload leads to impaired muscle oxidative capacity and insulin sensitivity. However, comparative analyses of the effects of dietary manipulation on skeletal muscles with different fiber composition are lacking. This study aimed to investigate the selective adaptations in the soleus and tibialis anterior mus...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2014/569623
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ovarian cancer (OvCa) is an intractable gynecological malignancy due to the high recurrence rate. Several molecular biomarkers have been previously screened for early identifying patients with a high recurrence risk and poor prognosis. However, all the known studies focused on a single type of RNAs, not integrating va...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2020/1618527
更新日期:2020-02-14 00:00:00
abstract::The total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is the gold standard for patients with an advanced symptomatic gonarthrosis. However, there are very few publications dealing with the primary TKA for patients with a proximal tibia fracture. In our retrospective study we evaluated 30 patients treated with a TKA for a proximal tibia f...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2016/6047876
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study evaluated the presence of Acanthamoeba species in the Puzih River watershed, which features typical subtropical monsoon climate and is located just above the Tropic of Cancer in Taiwan. The relationship between the seasonal and geographical distributions of Acanthamoeba species in this rivershed was also in...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2013/405794
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To analyze the clinical relevance of the levels of TNFα blockers and anti-drug antibodies (anti-drug Ab) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and spondyloarthritis (SpA) treated with adalimumab (ADA), etanercept (ETA), or infliximab (INF) for a prolonged period of time. METHODS:Clinical characteristics...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2015/604872
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study was to assess the value of ecological momentary assessment in evaluating physical activity among children, adolescents, and adults. It also determines whether ecological momentary assessment fulfills the criteria of validity, reliability, objectivity, norms, and standardization appli...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1155/2014/915172
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Gegen Qinlian (GGQL) decoction is a common Chinese herbal compound for the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC). In this study, we aimed to identify its molecular target and the mechanism involved in UC treatment by network pharmacology and molecular docking. Material and Methods. The active ingredients of P...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2020/5217405
更新日期:2020-11-24 00:00:00
abstract::This study aims to investigate the expression of macrophage inflammatory protein-3 alpha (MIP-3α) and cystatin A in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and their association with clinical characteristics and prognosis. Primary tumor specimens from 114 NPC patients and associated clinical follow-up data were collected, and ...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2015/617143
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:Background:MicroRNAs have recently been verified as useful diagnostic biomarkers in various diseases. In this study, we investigated whether miR-217 is a useful diagnostic biomarker and the possible pathological mechanism of miR-217 in this disease. Methods:Patients with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), memb...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2017/2168767
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Myopia is the most common ocular abnormality. Its high and growing prevalence has contributed to a recent surge in surgical interest in the disorder, since retinal detachment in eyes with high myopia differs from that in emmetropic eyes or eyes with low myopia. The myopic eye, because of its specific anatomy, poses sp...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1155/2014/618382
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2020/8856284
更新日期:2020-12-18 00:00:00
abstract::Severe stages of acute, colonic diverticulitis can progress into intestinal perforations with peritonitis. In such cases, urgent treatment is needed, and Hartmann's procedure is the standard treatment for cases with fecal peritonitis. Peritoneal lavage may be an alternative to resection for acute diverticulitis with p...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1155/2014/380607
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:Background:As the important components in polycomb repressive complexes 1 (PRC1) and heterochromatin protein 1 (HP1), Chromobox (CBX) family members are involved in epigenetic regulatory function, transcriptional repression, and other cellular metabolisms. Increasing studies have indicated significant associations betw...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2020/5306509
更新日期:2020-11-05 00:00:00
abstract::Purpose. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the metabolic mechanisms associated with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) via an analysis of urine metabolites prior to and following exercise in a rat model. Methods. A rat model of CFS was established using restraint-stress, forced exercise, and crowded and noisy ...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2017/8182020
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of the present study was to extract and characterize bioactive components from separate body organs of Holothuria leucospilota. Preliminary qualitative assessment of the crude extracts was positive for phenols, terpenoids, carbohydrates, flavonoids, saponins, glycosides, cardiac glycosides, steroids, phlobatan...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2019/2640684
更新日期:2019-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) is the fourth most common cancer causing death in the United States. Early tumor recurrence is an important contributor to the dismal prognosis. The availability of an accurate prognostic biomarker for predicting disease recurrence following curative resection will be beneficial ...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1155/2014/468959
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::With the development of nanotechnology, nanocarriers have been increasingly used for curative drug/gene delivery. Various nanocarriers are being introduced and assessed, such as polymer nanoparticles, liposomes, and micelles. As a novel theranostic system, nanocarriers hold great promise for ultrasound molecular imagi...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1155/2014/963891
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hypoxia plays an essential role in orchestrating Epithelial-mesenchymal transition and promoting metastasis of colorectal cancer. However, the underlying mechanisms are still not well elucidated. Here, we present that hypoxic exposure causes endoplasmic reticulum stress and activates the unfolded protein response path...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2020/5958272
更新日期:2020-01-27 00:00:00