Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by deficits in self-controlling attention, behavior, and emotions. In recent years, noninvasive optical techniques, such as near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), have been used to measure the neural correlates of pharmacological-therapy outcomes in children and adolescents with ADHD. METHODS:We reviewed a short series of articles that investigated the results of functional NIRS (fNIRS) on developmental-age ADHD. The review was limited to fNIRS studies that investigated the cortical responses that occurred during neuropsychological tasks in ADHD patients who received methylphenidate or atomoxetine. RESULTS:The majority of the reviewed studies revealed the presence of increased oxygenated hemoglobin concentrations in the prefrontal cortex following pharmacotherapy in ADHD samples. A higher frequency of right-lateralized results was found. LIMITATIONS:The considered studies are characterized by substantial methodological heterogeneity in terms of the patients' medication status and washout period, explored cerebral regions, and neuropsychological tasks. CONCLUSIONS:fNIRS seems to be a promising tool for the detection of pharmacological-treatment biomarkers in samples of children and adolescents with ADHD.
journal_name
J Affect Disordjournal_title
Journal of affective disordersauthors
Grazioli S,Mauri M,Crippa A,Maggioni E,Molteni M,Brambilla P,Nobile Mdoi
10.1016/j.jad.2018.10.100subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-02-01 00:00:00pages
100-106eissn
0165-0327issn
1573-2517pii
S0165-0327(18)31447-2journal_volume
244pub_type
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