A new era in brown adipose tissue biology: molecular control of brown fat development and energy homeostasis.

Abstract:

:Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is specialized to dissipate chemical energy in the form of heat as a defense against cold and excessive feeding. Interest in the field of BAT biology has exploded in the past few years because of the therapeutic potential of BAT to counteract obesity and obesity-related diseases, including insulin resistance. Much progress has been made, particularly in the areas of BAT physiology in adult humans, developmental lineages of brown adipose cell fate, and hormonal control of BAT thermogenesis. As we enter into a new era of brown fat biology, the next challenge will be to develop strategies for activating BAT thermogenesis in adult humans to increase whole-body energy expenditure. This article reviews the recent major advances in this field and discusses emerging questions.

journal_name

Annu Rev Physiol

authors

Kajimura S,Saito M

doi

10.1146/annurev-physiol-021113-170252

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2014-01-01 00:00:00

pages

225-49

eissn

0066-4278

issn

1545-1585

journal_volume

76

pub_type

杂志文章,评审
  • Timing of synaptic transmission.

    abstract::Many behaviors require rapid and precisely timed synaptic transmission. These include the determination of a sound's direction by detecting small interaural time differences and visual processing, which relies on synchronous activation of large populations of neurons. In addition, throughout the brain, concerted firin...

    journal_title:Annual review of physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1146/annurev.physiol.61.1.521

    authors: Sabatini BL,Regehr WG

    更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00

  • Learning mechanisms in addiction: synaptic plasticity in the ventral tegmental area as a result of exposure to drugs of abuse.

    abstract::One of the central questions in neurobiology is how experience modifies neural function, and how changes in the nervous system permit an animal to adapt its behavior to a changing environment. Learning and adaptation to a host of different environmental stimuli exemplify processes we know must alter the nervous system...

    journal_title:Annual review of physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1146/annurev.physiol.66.032102.112534

    authors: Kauer JA

    更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00

  • Regulation of renal NaCl transport by nitric oxide, endothelin, and ATP: clinical implications.

    abstract::NaCl absorption along the nephron is regulated not just by humoral factors but also by factors that do not circulate or act on the cells where they are produced. Generally, nitric oxide (NO) inhibits NaCl absorption along the nephron. However, the effects of NO in the proximal tubule are controversial and may be bipha...

    journal_title:Annual review of physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1146/annurev-physiol-012110-142247

    authors: Garvin JL,Herrera M,Ortiz PA

    更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00

  • Microglia in Physiology and Disease.

    abstract::As the immune-competent cells of the brain, microglia play an increasingly important role in maintaining normal brain function. They invade the brain early in development, transform into a highly ramified phenotype, and constantly screen their environment. Microglia are activated by any type of pathologic event or cha...

    journal_title:Annual review of physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1146/annurev-physiol-022516-034406

    authors: Wolf SA,Boddeke HW,Kettenmann H

    更新日期:2017-02-10 00:00:00

  • Induced membrane hypo/hyper-mechanosensitivity: a limitation of patch-clamp recording.

    abstract::Practical limitations of the patch-clamp technique when recording mechanogated membrane ion channels are considered. Mechanical overstimulation of the patch or the cell from excessive suction/pressure protocols induces morphological and functional changes. In particular, the plasma membrane becomes decoupled from the ...

    journal_title:Annual review of physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1146/annurev.physiol.59.1.621

    authors: Hamill OP,McBride DW Jr

    更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00

  • Cilia dysfunction in lung disease.

    abstract::A characteristic feature of the human airway epithelium is the presence of ciliated cells bearing motile cilia, specialized cell surface projections containing axonemes composed of microtubules and dynein arms, which provide ATP-driven motility. In the airways, cilia function in concert with airway mucus to mediate th...

    journal_title:Annual review of physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1146/annurev-physiol-021014-071931

    authors: Tilley AE,Walters MS,Shaykhiev R,Crystal RG

    更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00

  • Specific Ca2+ signaling evoked by cholecystokinin and acetylcholine: the roles of NAADP, cADPR, and IP3.

    abstract::In order to control cell functions, hormones and neurotransmitters generate an amazing diversity of Ca2+ signals such as local and global Ca2+ elevations and also Ca2+ oscillations. In pancreatic acinar cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) stimulates secretion of digestive enzyme and promotes cell growth, whereas acetylcholin...

    journal_title:Annual review of physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1146/annurev.physiol.63.1.99

    authors: Cancela JM

    更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00

  • Chloride channels in the loop of Henle.

    abstract::Cl- transport in the loop of Henle is responsible for reclamation of 25-40% of the filtered NaCl load and for the formation of dilute urine. Our understanding of the physiologic and molecular mechanisms responsible for Cl- reabsorption in both the thin ascending limb and thick ascending limb of Henle's loop has increa...

    journal_title:Annual review of physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1146/annurev.physiol.63.1.631

    authors: Reeves WB,Winters CJ,Andreoli TE

    更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00

  • Myocardial potassium channels: electrophysiological and molecular diversity.

    abstract::Myocardial K+ currents function to control resting membrane potentials, the heights and durations of action potentials, and refractoriness and automaticity. They are important targets for the actions of transmitters and hormones or drugs known, or postulated, to modulate cardiac functioning. A variety of K+ currents t...

    journal_title:Annual review of physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1146/annurev.ph.58.030196.002051

    authors: Barry DM,Nerbonne JM

    更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00

  • Hypoxia tolerance in reptiles, amphibians, and fishes: life with variable oxygen availability.

    abstract::The ability of fishes, amphibians, and reptiles to survive extremes of oxygen availability derives from a core triad of adaptations: profound metabolic suppression, tolerance of ionic and pH disturbances, and mechanisms for avoiding free-radical injury during reoxygenation. For long-term anoxic survival, enhanced stor...

    journal_title:Annual review of physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1146/annurev.physiol.69.031905.162529

    authors: Bickler PE,Buck LT

    更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00

  • Macrophage Polarization.

    abstract::Macrophage polarization refers to how macrophages have been activated at a given point in space and time. Polarization is not fixed, as macrophages are sufficiently plastic to integrate multiple signals, such as those from microbes, damaged tissues, and the normal tissue environment. Three broad pathways control polar...

    journal_title:Annual review of physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1146/annurev-physiol-022516-034339

    authors: Murray PJ

    更新日期:2017-02-10 00:00:00

  • Cell volume regulation in the nephron.

    abstract::Nearly every cell in the kidney can volume regulate in response to a hypertonic challenge. Some are able to respond immediately to hyperosmotic media by a RVI. Other cells require stimulation prior to exposure to hyperosmolarity to demonstrate RVI. An increase of intracellular osmolytes during RVI usually occurs by an...

    journal_title:Annual review of physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1146/annurev.ph.52.030190.003553

    authors: Montrose-Rafizadeh C,Guggino WB

    更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00

  • Current models of steroid hormone action: a critique.

    abstract::In this review, we have traced the path of estradiol from its entry into the cell to the time of its release from the receptor. We feel that all of the current models are limited in one respect or another. We have examined most critically those currently most in vogue. The entry of estradiol into the cell is widely as...

    journal_title:Annual review of physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1146/annurev.ph.38.030176.002233

    authors: Gorski J,Gannon F

    更新日期:1976-01-01 00:00:00

  • Glucokinase mutations, insulin secretion, and diabetes mellitus.

    abstract::The glycolytic enzyme glucokinase plays a key role in glucose sensing by the insulin-secreting pancreatic beta-cells, and mutations in the gene encoding this enzyme are a common cause of maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY), a form of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus characterized by autosomal-dominant i...

    journal_title:Annual review of physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1146/annurev.ph.58.030196.001131

    authors: Bell GI,Pilkis SJ,Weber IT,Polonsky KS

    更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00

  • Sgk kinases and their role in epithelial transport.

    abstract::The serum/glucocorticoid-induced kinase Sgk1 plays an important role in the regulation of epithelial ion transport. This kinase is very rapidly regulated at the transcriptional level as well as via posttranslational modifications involving phosphorylation by the MAP or PI-3 kinase pathways and/or ubiquitylation. Altho...

    journal_title:Annual review of physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1146/annurev.physiol.68.040104.131654

    authors: Loffing J,Flores SY,Staub O

    更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00

  • Myocardial nucleotide transport.

    abstract::A thorough consideration of the evidence for striated muscle cell transmembrane nucleotide movement provides only equivocal support for adenine nucleotide specific translocation across cell membranes. It is obvious that nucleotide-derived adenosine is taken up into cells in preference to free adenosine, and it is impo...

    journal_title:Annual review of physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1146/annurev.ph.47.030185.003133

    authors: Rovetto MJ

    更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00

  • Mechanisms underlying the cost of living in animals.

    abstract::The cost of living can be measured as an animal's metabolic rate. Basal metabolic rate (BMR) is factorially related to other metabolic rates. Analysis of BMR variation suggests that metabolism is a series of linked processes varying in unison. Membrane processes, such as maintenance of ion gradients, are important cos...

    journal_title:Annual review of physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1146/annurev.physiol.62.1.207

    authors: Hulbert AJ,Else PL

    更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00

  • Epithelial mucin genes.

    abstract::The last seven years have been exciting in the world of mucin biology. Molecular analyses of mucin genes and deduced protein structures have provided insight into structural features of mucins and tools with which to examine expression, secretion, and glycosylation, thereby enabling a better understanding of the role ...

    journal_title:Annual review of physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1146/annurev.ph.57.030195.003135

    authors: Gendler SJ,Spicer AP

    更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00

  • Cellular homeostasis and repair in the mammalian liver.

    abstract::The mammalian liver is one of the most regenerative tissues in the body, capable of fully recovering mass and function after a variety of injuries. This factor alone makes the liver unusual among mammalian tissues, but even more atypical is the widely held notion that the method of repair depends on the manner of inju...

    journal_title:Annual review of physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1146/annurev-physiol-021113-170255

    authors: Stanger BZ

    更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00

  • Morphogenesis of the lung: control of embryonic and fetal branching.

    abstract::Lung development differs in the embryo and fetus with regard to branching pattern and organization of the epithelial cells. The surrounding mesodermal component, the capsule, has long been known to play a role in branching. As a result of recent analyses of distribution of components of the extracellular matrix couple...

    journal_title:Annual review of physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1146/annurev.ph.58.030196.000521

    authors: Hilfer SR

    更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00

  • Hypoxia-induced anapyrexia: implications and putative mediators.

    abstract::Hypoxia elicits an array of compensatory responses in animals ranging from protozoa to mammals. Central among these responses is anapyrexia, the regulated decrease of body temperature. The importance of anapyrexia lies in the fact that it reduces oxygen consumption, increases the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen, and...

    journal_title:Annual review of physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1146/annurev.physiol.64.081501.155856

    authors: Steiner AA,Branco LG

    更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00

  • Metabolic and neuropsychiatric effects of calorie restriction and sirtuins.

    abstract::Most living organisms, including humans, age. Over time the ability to do physical and intellectual work deteriorates, and susceptibility to infectious, metabolic, and neurodegenerative diseases increases, which leads to general fitness decline and ultimately to death. Work in model organisms has demonstrated that gen...

    journal_title:Annual review of physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1146/annurev-physiol-030212-183800

    authors: Libert S,Guarente L

    更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00

  • Lessons in estrogen biology from knockout and transgenic animals.

    abstract::Tremendous progress has been made in elucidating numerous critical aspects of estrogen signaling. New tools and techniques have enabled detailed molecular analysis of components that direct estrogen responses. At the other end of the spectrum, generation of a multiplicity of transgenic animals has allowed analysis of ...

    journal_title:Annual review of physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1146/annurev.physiol.67.040403.115914

    authors: Hewitt SC,Harrell JC,Korach KS

    更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00

  • Genetic diseases and gene knockouts reveal diverse connexin functions.

    abstract::Intercellular channels present in gap junctions allow cells to share small molecules and thus coordinate a wide range of behaviors. Remarkably, although junctions provide similar functions in all multicellular organisms, vertebrates and invertebrates use unrelated gene families to encode these channels. The recent ide...

    journal_title:Annual review of physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1146/annurev.physiol.61.1.283

    authors: White TW,Paul DL

    更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00

  • PreBötzinger complex and pacemaker neurons: hypothesized site and kernel for respiratory rhythm generation.

    abstract::Identification of the sites and mechanisms underlying the generation of respiratory rhythm is of longstanding interest to physiologists and neurobiologists. Recently, with the development of novel experimental preparations, especially in vitro en bloc and slice preparations of rodent brainstem, progress has been made ...

    journal_title:Annual review of physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1146/annurev.physiol.60.1.385

    authors: Rekling JC,Feldman JL

    更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00

  • Biological functions of angiotensin and its receptors.

    abstract::Angiotensin receptors are present in a number of organs and systems including heart, kidney, gonad, and placenta; pituitary and adrenal glands; the peripheral vessels, and the central nervous system. This octapeptide exerts diverse effects that include induction of cell hypertrophy and/or hyperplasia and a stimulation...

    journal_title:Annual review of physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1146/annurev.physiol.59.1.395

    authors: Matsusaka T,Ichikawa I

    更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00

  • Gestational Exposure to Common Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals and Their Impact on Neurodevelopment and Behavior.

    abstract::Endocrine disrupting chemicals are common in our environment and act on hormone systems and signaling pathways to alter physiological homeostasis. Gestational exposure can disrupt developmental programs, permanently altering tissues with impacts lasting into adulthood. The brain is a critical target for developmental ...

    journal_title:Annual review of physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1146/annurev-physiol-021119-034555

    authors: Nesan D,Kurrasch DM

    更新日期:2020-02-10 00:00:00

  • Ligand-gated ion channel interactions with cytoskeletal and signaling proteins.

    abstract::In recent years, it has become apparent that ligand-gated ion channels (ionotropic receptors) in the neuronal plasma membrane interact via their cytoplasmic domains with a multitude of intracellular proteins. Different classes of ligand-gated channels associate with distinct sets of intracellular proteins, often throu...

    journal_title:Annual review of physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1146/annurev.physiol.62.1.755

    authors: Sheng M,Pak DT

    更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00

  • Living in the now: physiological mechanisms to tolerate a rapidly changing environment.

    abstract::Rising atmospheric carbon dioxide has resulted in scientific projections of changes in global temperatures, climate in general, and surface seawater chemistry. Although the consequences to ecosystems and communities of metazoans are only beginning to be revealed, a key to forecasting expected changes in animal communi...

    journal_title:Annual review of physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1146/annurev-physiol-021909-135900

    authors: Hofmann GE,Todgham AE

    更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00

  • Interpreting the BOLD signal.

    abstract::The development of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has brought together a broad community of scientists interested in measuring the neural basis of the human mind. Because fMRI signals are an indirect measure of neural activity, interpreting these signals to make deductions about the nervous system requir...

    journal_title:Annual review of physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1146/annurev.physiol.66.082602.092845

    authors: Logothetis NK,Wandell BA

    更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00