Abstract:
:Porcine strains of livestock-associated methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA) have been recognized in many countries and have been shown to be able to cause human infection. Resistance to non-beta lactam antibiotics has been reported but non-susceptibility to vancomycin, which is known to occur in human MRSA, has so far not been observed in LA-MRSA. Such resistance is typically fairly low level involving changes in the cell wall thickness. The development of resistance is usually preceded by presence of a sub-population having an increased MIC, which is selected for by exposure to vancomycin. This study investigated vancomycin susceptibility of one hundred porcine MRSA isolates using three MIC methods including spiral gradient endpoint (SGE) technique which allows visualization of more resistant sub-populations. SGE revealed 16 strains with an MIC above 2.0 mg/L, of which 14 were determined to have MIC 4 mg/L by agar dilution (AD). SGE revealed a further two isolates with MIC < 2 mg/L had a sub-population >2 mg/L. In addition, trailing endpoints not reaching resistance were present in 26 isolates with MIC < 2 mg/L. Sequencing of the genes of the VraSR/GraSR two component systems of ten of the resistant strains for comparison with susceptible strains revealed changes, including the presence of stop codons, in vraS and graR, but these were not consistent in all isolates. Other genetic changes may contribute to vancomycin non-susceptibility and require investigation. As failure to respond to treatment has been reported in clinical isolates with MIC > 1.5 mg/L, the presence of vancomycin non-susceptibility in porcine isolates is of concern and further monitoring of LA-MRSA is essential.
journal_name
Front Microbioljournal_title
Frontiers in microbiologyauthors
Kwok GM,O'Donoghue MM,Doddangoudar VC,Ho J,Boost MVdoi
10.3389/fmicb.2013.00316subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-10-25 00:00:00pages
316issn
1664-302Xjournal_volume
4pub_type
杂志文章abstract::In Liberibacter asiaticus, PrbP is an important transcriptional accessory protein that was found to regulate gene expression through interactions with the RNA polymerase β-subunit and a specific sequence on the promoter region. It was found that inactivation of PrbP, using the inhibitor tolfenamic acid, resulted in a ...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2017.01591
更新日期:2017-08-23 00:00:00
abstract::In fast-flowing, river-dominated estuaries, "hotspots" of microbial biogeochemical cycling can be found within areas of extended water retention. Lateral bays located off of the North and South channels of the Columbia River estuary are proposed to be such hotspots. Previous metagenomic studies on water samples indica...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2019.02475
更新日期:2019-11-05 00:00:00
abstract::Heavy metal accumulation in mesquite trees (Prosopis laevigata) growing in aluminum, titanium, chromium and zirconium-polluted soils of a semi-arid region in Mexico was investigated using wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis. The results showed that P. laevigata trees can hyper accumulate up to 4100 mg/kg...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2019.01833
更新日期:2019-08-13 00:00:00
abstract::Gut -associated microbes ('gut microbiota') impact the nutrition of their hosts, especially in ruminants and pseudoruminants that consume high-cellulose diets. Examples include the pseudoruminant alpaca. To better understand how body site and diet influence the alpaca microbiota, we performed three 16S rRNA gene surve...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.03334
更新日期:2019-01-18 00:00:00
abstract::Infectious agents are common companions of humans and since ancient times they follow human migration on their search for a better place to live. The study of paleomicrobiology was significantly improved in its accuracy of measurement with the constant development of better methods to detect and analyze nucleic acids....
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2017.01663
更新日期:2017-08-31 00:00:00
abstract::The emergence of microorganisms exerting resistance to biocides is a challenge to meat-processing environments. Bacteria can be intrinsically resistant to biocides but resistance can also be acquired by adaptation to their sub-lethal concentrations. Moreover, the presence of biocide resistance determinants, which is c...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2016.01627
更新日期:2016-10-19 00:00:00
abstract::Benthic diatoms are dominant primary producers in intertidal mudflats and constitute a major source of organic carbon to consumers and decomposers residing within these ecosystems. They typically form biofilms whose species richness, community composition and productivity can vary in response to environmental drivers ...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2019.01255
更新日期:2019-06-05 00:00:00
abstract::Salmonella is a primary cause of enteric diseases in a variety of animals. During its evolution into a pathogenic bacterium, Salmonella acquired an elaborate regulatory network that responds to multiple environmental stimuli within host animals and integrates them resulting in fine regulation of the virulence program....
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2011.00121
更新日期:2011-06-02 00:00:00
abstract::Infections that reach the placenta via maternal blood can target the fetal-placental barrier and are associated with reduced birth weight, increased stillbirth, miscarriage and perinatal mortality. Malaria during pregnancy can lead to infection of the placental tissue and to adverse effects on the unborn child even if...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2019.01126
更新日期:2019-05-24 00:00:00
abstract::Thiobacillus denitrificans is a chemolithoautotrophic bacterium capable of anaerobic, nitrate-dependent U(IV) and Fe(II) oxidation, both of which can strongly influence the long-term efficacy of in situ reductive immobilization of uranium in contaminated aquifers. We previously identified two c-type cytochromes involv...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2013.00249
更新日期:2013-08-27 00:00:00
abstract::Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a ubiquitous member of marine biofilm, and reduces thiosulfate to produce toxic hydrogen sulfide gas. In this study, lytic bacteriophages were isolated and applied to inhibit the growth of P. aeruginosa in planktonic mode at different temperature, pH, and salinity. Bacteriophages showed optim...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.00875
更新日期:2018-05-02 00:00:00
abstract::While combinations of probiotics with antibiotics have exhibited beneficial and adverse effects in the treatment of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI), no substantive explanation has been provided for these effects. In this study, C. difficile ATCC 9689 (CD) was treated with Bifidobacterium breve (YH68) in combinat...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.02953
更新日期:2018-12-04 00:00:00
abstract::Tecoma stans (yellow elder) has shown medicinal properties and antimicrobial activity. Previous reports on antifungal activity of T. stans preparations and presence of trypsin inhibitor activity from T. stans leaves stimulated the investigation reported here. In this work, we proceeded to the purification and characte...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2016.00611
更新日期:2016-04-27 00:00:00
abstract::The present study aimed to understand the biofilm formation mechanism of Propionibacterium acnes by analyzing the components and structure of the biofilms. P. acnes strains were isolated from the surface of explanted cardiac pacemaker devices that exhibited no clinical signs of infection. Culture tests using a simple ...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.00182
更新日期:2018-02-14 00:00:00
abstract::Activated sludge microbial community composition is a key bio-indicator of the sustainability of wastewater treatment systems. Therefore, a thorough understanding of the activated sludge microbial community dynamics is critical for environmental engineers to effectively manage the wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). ...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.01291
更新日期:2018-06-18 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Salvador, Bahia (northeastern Brazil), has been identified as the epicenter of Human T-cell leukemia virus Human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV) type 1 infection in the country. This study aims to estimate the rate of HTLV infection and the geographical distribution of this virus in this state. Methods:All HTL...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2019.01002
更新日期:2019-05-14 00:00:00
abstract::Due to the increasing prevalence of pathogenic fungal infections, the emergence of antifungal resistant clinical isolates worldwide, and the limited arsenal of available antifungals, developing new antifungal strategies is imperative. In this study, we screened a library of 1068 FDA-approved drugs to identify hits tha...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2020.00996
更新日期:2020-06-03 00:00:00
abstract::Single molecule, real-time (SMRT) sequencing was used to characterize mitochondrial (mt) genome of Ophiocordyceps sinensis and to analyze the mt genome-wide pattern of epigenetic DNA modification. The complete mt genome of O. sinensis, with a size of 157,539 bp, is the fourth largest Ascomycota mt genome sequenced to ...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2017.01422
更新日期:2017-07-27 00:00:00
abstract::Outbreaks of foodborne illnesses linked to fresh fruits and vegetables have been key drivers behind a wide breadth of research aiming to fill data gaps in our understanding of the total ecology of agricultural water sources such as ponds and wells and the relationship of this ecology to foodborne pathogens such as Sal...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2020.557289
更新日期:2021-01-08 00:00:00
abstract::In poultry farming, the spread of bacterial pathogens results in disease outbreaks causing significant economic losses to this industry. Many of these pathogenic bacteria are zoonotic and have a substantial impact on public health. Antimicrobials are essential for the prevention and treatment of these bacterial infect...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2019.00490
更新日期:2019-03-20 00:00:00
abstract::Extremely cold environments are a challenge for all organisms. They are mostly inhabited by psychrophilic and psychrotolerant bacteria, which employ various strategies to cope with the cold. Such harsh environments are often highly vulnerable to the influence of external factors and may undergo frequent dynamic change...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2014.00596
更新日期:2014-11-06 00:00:00
abstract::The LhrC family of small regulatory RNAs (sRNAs) is known to be induced when the foodborne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes is exposed to infection-relevant conditions, such as human blood. Here we demonstrate that excess heme, the core component of hemoglobin in blood, leads to a strong induction of the LhrC family me...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.00599
更新日期:2018-03-27 00:00:00
abstract::Over the past decades, Salmonella 4,[5],12:i:- has rapidly emerged and it is isolated with high frequency in the swine food chain. Although many studies have documented the epidemiological success of this serovar, few investigations have tried to explain this phenomenon from a genetic perspective. Here a comparative w...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.00715
更新日期:2018-04-17 00:00:00
abstract::Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are involved in numerous processes during infections by both enveloped and non-enveloped viruses. Among them, herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) modulates secretory pathways, allowing EVs to exit infected cells. Many characteristics regarding the mechanisms of viral spread are still unide...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.02572
更新日期:2018-10-25 00:00:00
abstract::The Bakken Shale and underlying Three Forks Formation is an important oil and gas reservoir in the United States. The hydrocarbon resources in this region are accessible using unconventional oil and gas extraction methods, including horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing. However, the geochemistry and microbiolo...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2020.01781
更新日期:2020-07-30 00:00:00
abstract::To successfully infect plants, viruses replicate in an initially infected cell and then move to neighboring cells through plasmodesmata (PDs). However, the nature of the viral entity that crosses over the cell barrier into non-infected ones is not clear. The membrane-associated 6K2 protein of turnip mosaic virus (TuMV...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2013.00351
更新日期:2013-12-04 00:00:00
abstract::The diversity of fungi in grape must and during wine fermentation was investigated in this study by culture-dependent and culture-independent techniques. Carignan and Grenache grapes were harvested from three vineyards in the Priorat region (Spain) in 2012, and nine samples were selected from the grape must after crus...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2015.01156
更新日期:2015-10-23 00:00:00
abstract::Alternaria is an important fungus to study due to their different life style from saprophytes to endophytes and a very successful fungal pathogen that causes diseases to a number of economically important crops. Alternaria species have been well-characterized for the production of different host-specific toxins (HSTs)...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2017.01451
更新日期:2017-08-08 00:00:00
abstract::The synthesis of phospholipids relies on a sort of genes, whose promoter regions contain inositol-sensitive upstream activation sequence (UASINO) and are regulated by the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH)-type ino2/ino4 transcription factor (TF) pair. Ten putative bHLH TFs have been found through whole genome sequencing o...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2019.02985
更新日期:2020-01-09 00:00:00
abstract::Prostatitis has various etiology including bacterial infection and dysregulated immunity; some of its forms remain a serious therapeutic challenge. Inflammation occurs in all forms of this disorder and is proposed to predispose to the development of prostate cancer (PC). There are reports that phage therapy is effecti...
journal_title:Frontiers in microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.01434
更新日期:2018-06-29 00:00:00