Abstract:
:During transcription initiation, RNA polymerase binds tightly to the promoter DNA defining the start of transcription, transcribes comparatively slowly, and frequently releases short transcripts (3-8 nucleotides) in a process called abortive cycling. Transitioning to elongation, the second phase of transcription, the polymerase dissociates from the promoter while RNA synthesis continues. Elongation is characterized by higher rates of transcription and tight binding to the RNA transcript. The RNA polymerase from enterophage T7 (T7 RNAP) has been used as a model to understand the mechanism of transcription in general, and the transition from initiation to elongation specifically. This single-subunit enzyme undergoes dramatic conformational changes during this transition to support the changing requirements of nucleic acid interactions while continuously maintaining polymerase function. Crystal structures, available of multiple stages of the initiation complex and of the elongation complex, combined with biochemical and biophysical data, offer molecular detail of the transition. Some of the crystal structures contain a variant of T7 RNAP where proline 266 is substituted by leucine. This variant shows less abortive products and altered timing of transition, and is a valuable tool to study these processes. The structural transitions from early to late initiation are well understood and are consistent with solution data. The timing of events and the structural intermediates in the transition from late initiation to elongation are less well understood, but the available data allows one to formulate testable models of the transition to guide further research.
journal_name
Virol Sinjournal_title
Virologica Sinicaauthors
Theis Kdoi
10.1007/s12250-013-3397-3subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-12-01 00:00:00pages
337-44issue
6eissn
1674-0769issn
1995-820Xjournal_volume
28pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Dengue virus (DENV) and Zika virus (ZIKV) have spread throughout many countries in the developing world and infect millions of people every year, causing severe harm to human health and the economy. Unfortunately, there are few effective vaccines and therapies available against these viruses. Therefore, the discovery ...
journal_title:Virologica Sinica
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journal_title:Virologica Sinica
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abstract::H9N2 subtype avian influenza virus (AIV) is an influenza A virus that is widely spread throughout Asia, where it jeopardizes the poultry industry and provides genetic material for emerging human pathogens. To better understand the epidemicity and genetics of H9 subtype AIVs, we conducted active surveillance in live po...
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journal_title:Virologica Sinica
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s12250-010-3136-y
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Virologica Sinica
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journal_title:Virologica Sinica
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
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更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Virologica Sinica
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journal_title:Virologica Sinica
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journal_title:Virologica Sinica
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journal_title:Virologica Sinica
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Virologica Sinica
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journal_title:Virologica Sinica
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pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Virologica Sinica
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Virologica Sinica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12250-020-00240-3
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journal_title:Virologica Sinica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12250-013-3342-5
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Virologica Sinica
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Virologica Sinica
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Virologica Sinica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12250-018-0011-8
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Virologica Sinica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12250-019-00109-0
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Virologica Sinica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12250-018-0039-9
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00