Favorable effect of mycorrhizae on biomass production efficiency exceeds their carbon cost in a fertilization experiment.

abstract：:In fewer than two decades after invading the Americas, the European fly Drosophila subobscura evolved latitudinal clines in several traits. Moreover, its chromosomal inversion frequencies at given localities have shifted with climate warming. Temperature may have driven the evolution of both geographic clines and with...

journal_title：Ecology

authors： Huey RB,Pascual M

更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In tropical forests, resource-based niches and density-dependent mortality are mutually compatible mechanisms that can act simultaneously to limit seedling populations. Differences in the strengths of these mechanisms will determine their roles in maintaining species coexistence. In the first assessment of these mecha...

journal_title：Ecology

authors： Clark CJ,Poulsen JR,Levey DJ

更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although many studies have investigated plant growth in the context of episodic herbivory and pressed resource availability, relatively few have examined how plant growth is affected by pulsed resources and chronic herbivory. Periodical cicada (Magicicada spp.) adults represent a pulsed detrital subsidy that fertilize...

journal_title：Ecology

authors： Yang LH,Karban R

更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A 10-year experiment tested for variation in competition intensity over time in a natural grassland at the northern edge of the Great Plains. Growing-season precipitation varied fivefold during the study. All ecosystem-level variables varied significantly among years, and most covaried in expected ways. The covers of ...

journal_title：Ecology

authors： Wilson SD

更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ecological theory predicts that generalist predators should damp or suppress long-term periodic fluctuations (cycles) in their prey populations and depress their average densities. However, the magnitude of these impacts is likely to vary depending on the availability of alternative prey species and the nature of ecol...

journal_title：Ecology

authors： Matthiopoulos J,Graham K,Smout S,Asseburg C,Redpath S,Thirgood S,Hudson P,Harwood J

更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tropical forests include a diversity of habitats, which has led to specialization in plants. Near Iquitos, in the Peruvian Amazon, nutrient-rich clay forests surround nutrient-poor white-sand forests, each harboring a unique composition of habitat specialist trees. We tested the hypothesis that the combination of impo...

journal_title：Ecology

authors： Fine PV,Miller ZJ,Mesones I,Irazuzta S,Appel HM,Stevens MH,Sääksjärvi I,Schultz JC,Coley PD

更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Plant tolerance of herbivory, i.e., the ability to recover after damage, is an important component of how plants cope with herbivores. Tolerance has long been hypothesized to be constrained evolutionarily by plant resistance to herbivores, traits that allow plants to cope with stressful growing conditions, and traits ...

journal_title：Ecology

authors： Pearse IS,Aguilar J,Schroder J,Strauss SY

更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The interactive effects of consumers and nutrients on terrestrial plant communities, and the role of plant functional traits in mediating these responses, are poorly known. We carried out a six-year full-factorial field experiment using mammalian herbivore exclusion and fertilization in two habitat types (fertile and ...

journal_title：Ecology

authors： Eskelinen A,Harrison S,Tuomi M

更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent studies indicate that highly aged material is a major component of organic matter transported by most rivers. However, few studies have used natural 14C to trace the potential entry of this aged material into modern river food webs. Here we use natural abundance 14C, 13C, and deuterium (2H) to trace the contrib...

journal_title：Ecology

authors： Caraco N,Bauer JE,Cole JJ,Petsch S,Raymond P

更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We examined the relationship between the isolation of experimental aquatic mesocosms and the abundance of an aquatic insect colonist, Notonecta irrorata, over two years. We used a curve-fitting approach to assess whether linear or quadratic models better describe the relationship between isolation and abundance. For t...

journal_title：Ecology

authors： McCauley SJ,Davis CJ,Nystrom J,Werner EE

更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The study of ecological differences among coexisting microparasites has been largely neglected, but it addresses important and unusual issues because there is no clear distinction in such cases between conventional (resource) and apparent competition. Here patterns in the population dynamics are examined for four spec...

journal_title：Ecology

authors： Telfer S,Clough HE,Birtles LR,Bennett M,Carslake D,Helyar S,Begon M

更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The linear regression model, with its numerous extensions including multivariate ordination, is fundamental to quantitative research in many disciplines. However, spatial or temporal structure in the data may invalidate the regression assumption of independent residuals. Spatial structure at any spatial scale can be m...

journal_title：Ecology

authors： Wagner HH

更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dreissenid mussels, including the zebra (Dreissena polymorpha) and quagga (Dreissena rostiformus bugensis) mussel, are invasive species known for their capacity to act as ecosystem engineers. They have caused significant changes in the many freshwater systems they have invaded by increasing water clarity, reducing pri...

journal_title：Ecology

authors： Fera SA,Rennie MD,Dunlop ES

更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bioclimatic envelope models use associations between aspects of climate and species' occurrences to estimate the conditions that are suitable to maintain viable populations. Once bioclimatic envelopes are characterized, they can be applied to a variety of questions in ecology, evolution, and conservation. However, som...

journal_title：Ecology

authors： Araújo MB,Peterson AT

更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Development of a mechanistic understanding and predictions of patterns of biodiversity is a central theme in ecology. One of the most influential theories, the intermediate disturbance hypothesis (IDH), predicts maximum diversity at intermediate levels of disturbance frequency. The dynamic equilibrium model (DEM), an ...

journal_title：Ecology

authors： Svensson JR,Lindegarth M,Siccha M,Lenz M,Molis M,Wahl M,Pavia H

更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Prolonged droughts exacerbated by climate change have been widely documented to interact with consumers to decimate vegetation in many ecosystems. Although climate change is increasing within-year variation in precipitation and temperature, how weather fluctuations affect the impact of consumers on vegetation processe...

journal_title：Ecology

authors： He Q,Silliman BR,van de Koppel J,Cui B

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Morphological traits provide the interface between species and their environment. For example, body size affects the fitness of individuals in various ways. Yet especially for ectotherms, the applicability of general rules of interspecific clines of body size and even more so of other morphological traits is still und...

journal_title：Ecology

authors： Tiede Y,Hemp C,Schmidt A,Nauss T,Farwig N,Brandl R

更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Comparing the structure of presence/absence (i.e., binary) matrices with those of randomized counterparts is a common practice in ecology. However, differences in the randomization procedures (null models) can affect the results of the comparisons, leading matrix structural patterns to appear either "random" or not. S...

journal_title：Ecology

authors： Strona G,Ulrich W,Gotelli NJ

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The "evolution of increased competitive ability" (EICA) hypothesis proposes that escape from natural enemies, e.g., after transcontinental introductions, alters the selection regime because costly defenses no longer enhance fitness. Such an evolutionary loss of defenses enables resources to be directed toward growth o...

journal_title：Ecology

authors： Handley RJ,Steinger T,Treier UA,Müller-Schärer H

更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Plants, bacteria, and fungi produce essential amino acids (EAAs) with distinctive patterns of delta13C values that can be used as naturally occurring fingerprints of biosynthetic origin of EAAs in a food web. Because animals cannot synthesize EAAs and must obtain them from food, their tissues reflect delta13C(EAA) pat...

journal_title：Ecology

authors： Arthur KE,Kelez S,Larsen T,Choy CA,Popp BN

更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Edge effects are a dominant subject in landscape ecology literature, yet they are highly variable and poorly understood. Often, the literature suggests simple models for edge effects-positive (enhancement at the edge), negative (enhancement at the interior), or no effect (neutral)--on a variety of metrics, including a...

journal_title：Ecology

authors： Carroll JM,Furman BT,Tettelbach ST,Peterson BJ

更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Knowledge of the mechanisms that shape biodiversity is essential to understand the ecological and evolutionary dynamics of interacting species. Recent studies posit that most of the organization of mutualistic networks is shaped by differences in species abundance among interacting species. In this study, we examined ...

journal_title：Ecology

authors： Dattilo W,Marquitti FM,Guimarães PR Jr,Izzo TJ

更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Soil microbial communities have the metabolic and genetic capability to adapt to changing environmental conditions on very short time scales. In this paper we combine biogeochemical and molecular approaches to reveal this potential, showing that microbial biomass can turn over on time scales of days to months in soil,...

journal_title：Ecology

authors： Schmidt SK,Costello EK,Nemergut DR,Cleveland CC,Reed SC,Weintraub MN,Meyer AF,Martin AM

更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Community and biogeographic surveys often conclude that plant-pollinator interactions are highly generalized. Thus, a central implication of the pollination syndrome concept, that floral trait evolution occurs primarily via specialized interactions of plants with their pollinators, has been questioned. However, broad ...

journal_title：Ecology

authors： Reynolds RJ,Westbrook MJ,Rohde AS,Cridland JM,Fenster CB,Dudash MR

更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Evidence from woodrat middens and tree rings at Dutch John Mountain (DJM) in northeastern Utah reveal spatiotemporal patterns of pinyon pine (Pinus edulis Engelm.) colonization and expansion in the past millennium. The DJM population, a northern outpost of pinyon, was established by long-distance dispersal (approximat...

journal_title：Ecology

authors： Gray ST,Betancourt JL,Jackson ST,Eddy RG

更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Emerging aquatic insects from streams are important food sources for riparian predators, yet their availability is seasonally limited. Spatial heterogeneity in stream water temperature was found to spatially desynchronize the emergence timing of aquatic insects, and prolong their flight period, potentially enhancing c...

journal_title：Ecology

authors： Uno H

更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nonrandom seed release is an important determinant of how far seeds disperse, but the mechanisms that promote wind-related seed release under varying atmospheric conditions are poorly understood. We explored the use of particle image velocimetry (PIV) to gain a better mechanistic understanding of seed release by visua...

journal_title：Ecology

authors： Marchetto KM,Williams MB,Jongejans E,Auhl R,Shea K

更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous work suggests that animal water balance can influence trophic interactions, with predators increasing their consumption of water-laden prey to meet water demands. But it is unclear how the need for water interacts with the need for energy to drive trophic interactions under shifting conditions. Using manipula...

journal_title：Ecology

authors： Leinbach IL,McCluney KE,Sabo JL

更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Morphological plasticity is a striking characteristic of plants in natural communities. In the context of foraging behavior particularly, root plasticity has been documented for numerous species. Root plasticity is known to mitigate competitive interactions by reducing the overlap of the individuals' rhizospheres. But...

journal_title：Ecology

authors： Schiffers K,Tielbörger K,Tietjen B,Jeltsch F

更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dispersal evolves as an adaptive mechanism to optimize individual fitness across the landscape. Specifically, dispersal represents a mechanism to escape fitness costs resulting from changes in environmental conditions. Decades of empirical work suggest that individuals use local habitat cues to make movement decisions...

journal_title：Ecology

authors： Addis BR,Lowe WH

更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00