β-cell dedifferentiation in diabetes is important, but what is it?

abstract：:The basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor neurogenin-3 (Ngn3, Neurog3) is critical for the development of the endocrine cells of the islets. Either disrupted or forced expression of Ngn3 early in mouse pancreas development abrogates the formation of islets. The successive waves of Ngn3 expression that occur duri...

journal_title：Islets

authors： Rukstalis JM,Habener JF

更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are pluripotent and capable of generating new β-cells, but current in vitro differentiation protocols generally fail to produce mature, glucose-responsive, unihormonal β-cells. Instead, these methods tend to produce immature polyhormonal endocrine cells which mature in vivo into gluc...

journal_title：Islets

authors： Gage BK,Baker RK,Kieffer TJ

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Diabetes (T1DM and T2DM) is characterized by a deficit in β-cell mass. A broader understanding of human β-cell replication mechanism is thus important to increase β-cell proliferation for future therapeutic interventions. Here, we show that p27 (Kip1), a CDK inhibitor, is expressed abundantly in isolated adult human i...

journal_title：Islets

authors： Stein J,Milewski WM,Hara M,Steiner DF,Dey A

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Since the report of the Edmonton protocol in 2000, islet transplantation has been implemented worldwide, and xenotransplantation using porcine islets has also been reported. In addition, many basic experiments using pancreatic islets and exocrine tissue after isolation have been reported. Recently, exocrine cells have...

journal_title：Islets

authors： Nakashima Y,Miyagi-Shiohira C,Kobayashi N,Saitoh I,Watanabe M,Noguchi H

更新日期：2018-05-04 00:00:00

abstract：:The sophistication of intracellular Ca ( 2+) signalling reflects the necessity for the many different types of cells to fine tuning their specific activities. This can, at least in part, be explained by the molecular complexity of the Ca ( 2+) signalling machinery, consisting of different intracellular Ca ( 2+) releas...

journal_title：Islets

authors： Rossi D,Sorrentino V

更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ability of the β-cells to control blood glucose levels depends on their function and mass. In both, type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus the main processes leading to β-cell failure are apoptosis and loss of function. Many studies demonstrate how cytokines and chemokines have an active role in triggering the immune...

journal_title：Islets

authors： Paroni F,Domsgen E,Maedler K

更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Metabolic syndrome (MS) can be defined as a group of signs that increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). These signs include obesity, hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance. We are interested in the mechanisms that trigger hyperinsulinemia as a step to understand how β cells fail in DM2. Pancr...

journal_title：Islets

authors： Velasco M,Larqué C,Gutiérrez-Reyes G,Arredondo R,Sanchez-Soto C,Hiriart M

更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Costimulation blockade is an effective way to prevent allograft rejection. In this study, we tested the efficacy of two negative co-signaling molecules in protecting islet allograft function. We used local expression of B7-H4 by adenoviral transduction of islets (Ad-B7-H4) and systemic administration of CTLA-4.Ig to i...

journal_title：Islets

authors： Wang X,Hao J,Metzger DL,Mui A,Lee IF,Akhoundsadegh N,Chen CL,Ou D,Ao Z,Verchere CB,Warnock GL

更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The transcription factor Pancreatic and Duodenal Homeobox-1 (PDX-1) plays a major role in the development and function of pancreatic β-cells and its mutation results in diabetes. In adult β-cells, glucose stimulates transcription of the insulin gene in part by regulating PDX-1 expression, stability and activity. Gluco...

journal_title：Islets

authors： Semache M,Ghislain J,Zarrouki B,Tremblay C,Poitout V

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A 39-y-old man, who had an episode of pancreatic bleeding due to chronic pancreatitis, received total pancreatectomy with islet autotransplantation (TP with IAT). Intraoperative ultrasound (US) examination was done to detect transplanted islets and evaluate the quality of US imaging. Islet isolation from the resecte...

journal_title：Islets

authors： Sakata N,Goto M,Gumpei Y,Mizuma M,Motoi F,Satomi S,Unno M

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED:AIMS/ HYPOTHESIS: Caspase-3 is a main effector caspase of the apoptotic cascade. Involvement of caspase-3 has been implicated in a β cell cloned cell line from type 1 diabetic subjects and in isolated islets from type 2 diabetic subjects. RESULTS:The control islets revealed cleaved caspase-3 positive cells ...

journal_title：Islets

authors： Tomita T

更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Islet transplantation is a promising treatment for Type 1 diabetes; however limitations of the intra-portal site and poor revascularization of islets must be overcome. We hypothesize that engineering a highly vascularized collagen-based construct will allow islet graft survival and function in alternative sites. In th...

journal_title：Islets

authors： Ellis CE,Vulesevic B,Suuronen E,Yeung T,Seeberger K,Korbutt GS

更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The total mass of pancreatic islet cells is a critical factor in glucose metabolic control. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether in the Munich Wistar Frömter (MWF) rat, beside a reduction in the number of nephrons, there are also alterations in the number of pancreatic islets and of β cell mass. We ...

journal_title：Islets

authors： Figliuzzi M,Bonandrini B,Cattaneo I,Remuzzi G,Remuzzi A

更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Clinical islet transplantation has routinely been demonstrated to be an efficacious means of restoring glycemic control in select patients with autoimmune diabetes. Notwithstanding marked progress and improvements, the broad-spectrum application of this treatment option is restricted by the complications associated wi...

journal_title：Islets

authors： Pepper AR,Bruni A,Pawlick RL,Gala-Lopez B,Rafiei Y,Wink J,Kin T,Shapiro AM

更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Considerable efforts have been invested to understand the mechanisms by which pro-inflammatory cytokines mediate the demise of β-cells in type 1 diabetes but much less attention has been paid to the role of anti-inflammatory cytokines as potential cytoprotective agents in these cells. Despite this, there is increasing...

journal_title：Islets

authors： Russell MA,Morgan NG

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Inactivation of the gene encoding the aristaless-related homeodomain transcription factor Alx3 results in islet cell apoptosis and impaired glucose homeostasis that worsens with age due to the appearance of insulin resistance. Alx3-deficient mice also show extrapancreatic developmental defects with variable penetrance...

journal_title：Islets

authors： Vallejo M

更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The endocrine pancreas expands markedly in the first postnatal days and the insulin producing β-cells initiate a functional maturation preceded by a morphological change of the islets of Langerhans. Trefoil factor 3 (TFF3) is a secreted peptide expressed in intestinal epithelia, where it promotes migration, but its ro...

journal_title：Islets

authors： Winkel L,Bagge A,Larsen L,Haase TN,Rasmussen M,Lykke J,Holmgaard DB,Thim L,Nielsen JH,Dalgaard LT

更新日期：2018-05-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Assessing the response of pancreatic islet cells to glucose stimulation is important for understanding β-cell function. Zebrafish are a promising model for studies of metabolism in general, including stimulus-secretion coupling in the pancreas. We used transgenic zebrafish embryos expressing a genetically-encoded Ca2+...

journal_title：Islets

authors： Lorincz R,Emfinger CH,Walcher A,Giolai M,Krautgasser C,Remedi MS,Nichols CG,Meyer D

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Histopathology based studies of the pancreas obtained from organ donors are increasing our awareness of islet phenotypic heterogeneity during development and aging, as well as in settings of type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, monogenic diabetes or other forms of this metabolic disease. Islet amyloidosis represents a hi...

journal_title：Islets

authors： Beery ML,Jacobsen LM,Atkinson MA,Butler AE,Campbell-Thompson M

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The islets of Langerhans, ranging in size from clusters of a few cells to several thousand cells, are scattered near large blood vessels. While the β-cell mass in mammals is proportional to body weight, the size ranges of islets are similar between species with different body sizes, possibly reflecting an optimal func...

journal_title：Islets

authors： Jo J,Hara M,Ahlgren U,Sorenson R,Periwal V

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent studies extend the concept of developmental and adaptive plasticity to include a paternal role in the programming of metabolic disease, including diabetes. Parents greatly influence the development and health of their offspring. Although genetic imprinting plays a major role in determining offspring health outc...

journal_title：Islets

authors： Cerf ME

更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pancreatic islet transplantation is being extensively researched as an alternative treatment for type 1 diabetic patients. This treatment is currently limited by temporal mismatch, between the availability of pancreas and isolated islets from deceased organ donor, and the recipient's need for freshly isolated islets. ...

journal_title：Islets

authors： Kojayan GG,Alexander M,Imagawa DK,Lakey JRT

更新日期：2018-01-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Pancreatic islet dysfunction is a key element in the development of type 2 diabetes. Determining possible early warning signs of dysfunction is thus important to determining the underlying causes of diabetes. We describe an improved fluorescent imaging approach to detect potential islet dysfunction. Using Cell Tracker...

journal_title：Islets

authors： Corbin KL,Hall TE,Haile R,Nunemaker CS

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purification process is one of the most difficult procedures in pancreatic islet isolation. It was demonstrated that the standard purification method using a COBE 2991 cell processor with Ficoll density gradient solution harmed islets mechanically by high shear force. We reported that purification using large bott...

journal_title：Islets

authors： Shimoda M,Itoh T,Iwahashi S,Takita M,Sugimoto K,Kanak MA,Chujo D,Naziruddin B,Levy MF,Grayburn PA,Matsumoto S

更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Both type 1 and type 2 diabetes are associated with insufficient functional β-cell mass. Understanding intracellular signaling pathways associated with this decline is important in broadening our understanding of the disease and potential therapeutic strategies. The hypoxia inducible factor pathway (HIF) plays a criti...

journal_title：Islets

authors： Brunt JJ,Shi SY,Schroer SA,Sivasubramaniyam T,Cai EP,Woo M

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Several lines of recent evidence provided compelling evidence to suggest increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as causal for mitochondrial dysregulation and apoptosis in islet β-cells exposed to noxious stimuli including high glucose, lipids and proinflammatory cytokines. Studies along these lines are ...

journal_title：Islets

authors： Mohammed AM,Kowluru A

更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:NeuroD (BETA2), a bHLH transcription factor is known to be involved in early pancreatic endocrine as well as neuronal differentiation. NeuroD is known to regulate distinct sets of molecules that are important for survival and differentiation of pancreatic cells. We assessed whether forced expression of NeuroD, can ind...

journal_title：Islets

authors： Appavoo M,Tuch B

更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:BACKGROUND: Embolic occlusion of the portal vein due to islet transplantation is one of the major reasons for reduced survival of transplanted islets. In this study, we examined the location of islets as well as the correlation between islet and portal vein size after intraportal islet transplantation and evaluated li...

journal_title：Islets

authors： Sakata N,Obenaus A,Chan N,Mace J,Chinnock R,Hathout E

更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have previously identified two genes, encoding lactate dehydrogenase (Ldha) and the monocarboxylate carrier, MCT1 (Slc16a1) whose expression is remarkably low in pancreatic β-cells and islets. We sought here to determine whether these may be part of a larger family of genes selectively repressed ("disallowed") in t...

journal_title：Islets

authors： Pullen TJ,Khan AM,Barton G,Butcher SA,Sun G,Rutter GA

更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We recently reported that human blood outgrowth endothelial cells (BOEC) are supportive to reverse hyperglycemia in marginal islet mass-transplanted diabetic mice. In this report, we investigated whether the observed effect was evoked by islet packing in a blood clot prior to transplantation or could be mimicked by an...

journal_title：Islets

authors： Coppens V,Heremans Y,Leuckx G,Suenens K,Jacobs-Tulleneers-Thevissen D,Verdonck K,Luttun A,Heimberg H,De Leu N

更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00