The effects of expectancy on corticospinal excitability: passively preparing to observe a movement.

abstract：:The purpose of this study was to examine when the muscles and joints of the forelimb become represented in primary motor cortex (M1) during postnatal life and how local representation patterns change. We examined these questions in cats that were anesthetized (45-90 days, n = 14; adults, n = 3) and awake (n = 4; 52-86...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Chakrabarty S,Martin JH

更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated the afferents and intracortical synaptic organization of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) during noxious electrical stimulation. Extracellular field potentials were recorded simultaneously from 16 electrodes spanning all layers of the ACC in male Sprague-Dawley rats anesthetized by halothane inhalat...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Yang JW,Shih HC,Shyu BC

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The problem of how the hippocampus encodes both spatial and nonspatial information at the cellular network level remains largely unresolved. Spatial memory is widely modeled through the theoretical framework of attractor networks, but standard computational models can only represent spaces that are much smaller than t...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Hedrick KR,Zhang K

更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Acetylcholine increases intracellular calcium of arterial chemoreceptor cells of adult cats. J. Neurophysiol. 78: 2388-2395, 1997. Several neurotransmitters have been reported to play important roles in the chemoreception of the carotid body. Among them acetylcholine (ACh) appears to be involved in excitatory processe...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Shirahata M,Fitzgerald RS,Sham JS

更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Auditory nerve fibers are the major source of excitation to the three groups of principal cells of the ventral cochlear nucleus (VCN), bushy, T stellate, and octopus cells. Shock-evoked excitatory postsynaptic currents (eEPSCs) in slices from mice showed systematic differences between groups of principal cells, indica...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Cao XJ,Oertel D

更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. The statistical properties of the bursting potassium channel from fused Torpedo synaptosomes were studied by using patch-clamp recording and time series analysis. 2. Voltage steps produce channel openings; the number of channels opening fluctuates from trial to trial. The maximal current observed in each trial is s...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Rahamimoff R,Edry-Schiller J,Ginsburg S

更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Inactivation permits direct assessment of the functional contribution of a given brain area to behavior. Previous inactivation studies of the frontal eye field (FEF) have either used large permanent ablations or reversible pharmacological techniques that only inactivate a small volume of tissue. Here we evaluated the ...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Peel TR,Johnston K,Lomber SG,Corneil BD

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. Firing of cerebral neuron, C-PR, produced complex bilateral movements of various regions of the body of the marine mollusc Aplysia californica. The movements were similar to those seen when the animal assumes the head-up feeding posture during food-induced arousal. Muscles of the neck largely contracted in transver...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Nagahama T,Weiss KR,Kupfermann I

更新日期：1993-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. K+ conductances were characterized in isolated, identified superior colliculus-projecting (SCP) rat visual cortical neurons. SCP neurons were identified in vitro under epifluorescence illumination after in vivo retrograde labeling with rhodamine-labeled microspheres or "beads." For experiments, SCP neurons were iso...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Albert JL,Nerbonne JM

更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent studies have shown that the initial responses evoked by a stimulus in neurons of primary visual cortex are dominated by low spatial frequency information in the image, whereas finer spatial scales dominate later in the response. Such phenomena could arise from the dynamics of receptive field (RF) size at early ...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Malone BJ,Kumar VR,Ringach DL

更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. Previous studies indicate that after transection of the rostral spinal cord, larval lamprey begin to recover locomotor behavior 2 wk posttransection and recovery is complete at approximately 8 wk. To examine the mechanisms underlying behavioral recovery after spinal cord transection, in the present study the time c...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： McClellan AD

更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The high variability of cortical sensory responses is often assumed to impose a major constraint on efficient computation. In the auditory cortex, however, response variability can be very low. We have used in vivo whole cell patch-clamp methods to study the trial-to-trial variability of the subthreshold fluctuations ...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Deweese MR,Zador AM

更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pharmacological modulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid-A (GABAA) receptors can provide important information on the types of subunits composing these receptors. In recombinant studies, zinc more potently inhibits alphabeta subunits compared with the alphabetagamma combination, whereas modulation by nanomolar concentrat...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Defazio T,Hablitz JJ

更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Muscles paralyzed by chronic (>1 yr) spinal cord injury fatigue readily. Our aim was to evaluate whether the fatigability of paralyzed thenar muscles (n = 10) could be reduced by the repeated delivery of variable versus constant frequency pulse trains. Fatigue was induced in four ways. Intermittent supramaximal median...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Thomas CK,Griffin L,Godfrey S,Ribot-Ciscar E,Butler JE

更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Twenty-four slowly adapting type 1 (SA1) and 26 rapidly adapting (RA) cutaneous mechanoreceptive afferents in the rhesus monkey were studied with an array of independently controlled, punctate probes that covered an entire fingerpad. Each afferent had a receptive field (RF) on a single fingerpad and was studied at 73 ...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Vega-Bermudez F,Johnson KO

更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An initial overload of intracellular Ca2+ plays a critical role in the delayed death of hippocampal CA1 neurons that die a few days after transient ischemia. Without direct evidence, the prevailing hypothesis has been that Ca2+ overload may recur until cell death. Here, we report the first measurements of intracellula...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Connor JA,Razani-Boroujerdi S,Greenwood AC,Cormier RJ,Petrozzino JJ,Lin RC

更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Manipulations of vagal activity are used to treat medical pathologies, but the underlying CNS changes caused by these treatments are not well understood. Furthermore, heart and lung transplant as well as treatments for many gastrointestinal disorders result in section of the vagus nerve (vagotomy). Following unilatera...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Swartz JB,Weinreich D

更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the hippocampus, the calcium-binding protein parvalbumin (PV) is expressed in interneurons that innervate perisomatic regions. PV in GABAergic synaptic terminals was proposed to limit repetitive GABA release by buffering of "residual calcium." We assessed the role of presynaptic PV in Ca(2+)-dependent GABA release ...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Vreugdenhil M,Jefferys JG,Celio MR,Schwaller B

更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is controversial whether simple-spike activity of cerebellar Purkinje cells during arm movements encodes movement kinematics like velocity or dynamics like muscle activities. To examine this issue, we trained monkeys to flex or extend the elbow by 45 degrees in 400 ms under resistive and assistive force fields but ...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Yamamoto K,Kawato M,Kotosaka S,Kitazawa S

更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Horseradish peroxidase- (HRP) filled microelectrodes have been used to examine the anatomy and physiology of "commissural interneurons," a morphologically defined class of spinal cord interneuron in Xenopus laevis embryos. Commissural interneurons have unipolar cell bodies in the dorsal half of the spinal cord. Their ...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Soffe SR,Clarke JD,Roberts A

更新日期：1984-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Effects of spaceflight on Rhesus quadrupedal locomotion after return to 1G. Locomotor performance, activation patterns of the soleus (Sol), medial gastrocnemius (MG), vastus lateralis (VL), and tibialis anterior (TA) and MG tendon force during quadrupedal stepping were studied in adult Rhesus before and after 14 days ...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Recktenwald MR,Hodgson JA,Roy RR,Riazanski S,McCall GE,Kozlovskaya I,Washburn DA,Fanton JW,Edgerton VR

更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The relationship between neck muscle electromyography (EMG) and torsional head rotation (about the nasooccipital axis) is difficult to assess during normal gaze behaviors with the head upright. Here, we induced acute head tilts similar to cervical dystonia (torticollis) in two monkeys by electrically stimulating 20 in...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Farshadmanesh F,Byrne P,Wang H,Corneil BD,Crawford JD

更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We often look at and sometimes reach for visible targets. Looking at a target is fast and relatively easy. By comparison, reaching for an object is slower and is associated with a larger cost. We hypothesized that, as a result of these differences, abrupt visual onsets may drive the circuits involved in saccade planni...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Kubanek J,Wang C,Snyder LH

更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Using whole cell patch-clamp recordings, we examined the effect of colchicine, a microtubule disrupter, on the properties of glycine receptors (GlyRs) in cultured spinal cord neurons. Confocal microscopy revealed that colchicine treatment effectively altered microtubule bundles and neuronal morphology. Application of ...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： van Zundert B,Alvarez FJ,Yevenes GE,Cárcamo JG,Vera JC,Aguayo LG

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. Adaptation and disadaptation rates determine the temporal response properties of sensory receptor cells. In chemoreception, temporal filter properties of receptor cells are poorly understood. We studied the time course of disadaptation in lobster antennular chemoreceptor cells by using in situ high-resolution stimu...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Gomez G,Atema J

更新日期：1996-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nigrostriatal dopamine denervation plays a major role in basal ganglia circuitry disarray and motor abnormalities of Parkinson's disease (PD). Studies in rodent and primate models have revealed that striatal projection neurons, namely, medium spiny neurons (MSNs), increase the firing frequency. However, their activity...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Singh A,Liang L,Kaneoke Y,Cao X,Papa SM

更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It remains unclear how attention affects the tuning of individual neurons in visual cerebral cortex. Some observations suggest that attention preferentially enhances responses to low contrast stimuli, whereas others suggest that attention proportionally affects responses to all stimuli. Resolving how attention affects...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Lee J,Maunsell JH

更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The temporal lobe is well known for its oscillatory activity associated with exploration, navigation, and learning. Intrinsic membrane potential oscillations (MPOs) and resonance of stellate cells (SCs) in layer II of the entorhinal cortex are thought to contribute to network oscillations and thereby to the encoding o...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Boehlen A,Henneberger C,Heinemann U,Erchova I

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:During object manipulation, grip force is coordinated with load force, which is primarily determined by object kinematics. Proximal arm kinematics may affect grip force control, as proximal segment motion could affect control of distal hand muscles via biomechanical and/or neural pathways. The aim of this study was to...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Vermillion BC,Lum PS,Lee SW

更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Performance in behavioral tasks is influenced by temporal expectations shaped by the temporal structure of the task. Such implicit temporal preparation is reflected in slow brain potentials and electroencephalographic oscillations and is attributed to interval timing mechanisms that probably depend on intact basal gan...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Praamstra P,Pope P

更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00