Abstract:
:THE DIAGNOSIS OF A SUSPECTED TUMOR LESION FACES TWO BASIC PROBLEMS: detection and identification of the specific type of tumor. Radiological techniques are commonly used for the detection and localization of solid tumors. Prerequisite is a high intrinsic or enhanced contrast between normal and neoplastic tissue. Identification of the tumor type is still based on histological analysis. The result depends critically on the sampling sites, which given the inherent heterogeneity of tumors, constitutes a major limitation. Non-invasive in vivo imaging might overcome this limitation providing comprehensive three-dimensional morphological, physiological, and metabolic information as well as the possibility for longitudinal studies. In this context, magnetic resonance based techniques are quite attractive since offer at the same time high spatial resolution, unique soft tissue contrast, good temporal resolution to study dynamic processes and high chemical specificity. The goal of this paper is to review the role of magnetic resonance techniques in characterizing tumor tissue in vivo both at morphological and physiological levels. The first part of this review covers methods, which provide information on specific aspects of tumor phenotypes, considered as indicators of malignancy. These comprise measurements of the inflammatory status, neo-vascular physiology, acidosis, tumor oxygenation, and metabolism together with tissue morphology. Even if the spatial resolution is not sufficient to characterize the tumor phenotype at a cellular level, this multiparametric information might potentially be used for classification of tumors. The second part discusses mathematical tools, which allow characterizing tissue based on the acquired three-dimensional data set. In particular, methods addressing tumor heterogeneity will be highlighted. Finally, we address the potential and limitation of using MRI as a tool to provide in vivo tissue characterization.
journal_name
Front Genetjournal_title
Frontiers in geneticsauthors
Dominietto M,Rudin Mdoi
10.3389/fgene.2013.00298subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-01-13 00:00:00pages
298issn
1664-8021journal_volume
4pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::In the last decades, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have uncovered tens of thousands of associations between common genetic variants and complex diseases. However, these statistical associations can rarely be interpreted functionally and mechanistically. As the majority of the disease-associated variants are l...
journal_title:Frontiers in genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fgene.2019.00714
更新日期:2019-08-16 00:00:00
abstract::Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a novel class of RNA molecules defined as transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides that lack protein coding potential. They constitute a major, but still poorly characterized part of human transcriptome, however, evidence is growing that they are important regulatory molecules involved...
journal_title:Frontiers in genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fgene.2015.00145
更新日期:2015-04-23 00:00:00
abstract::Parent-of-origin effects (POE) such as genomic imprinting influence growth and body composition in livestock, rodents, and humans. Here, we report the results of a genome scan to detect quantitative trait loci (QTL) with POE on growth and carcass traits in Angus × Brahman cattle crossbreds. We identified 24 POE-QTL on...
journal_title:Frontiers in genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fgene.2011.00044
更新日期:2011-07-12 00:00:00
abstract::A complete and compelling evolutionary explanation for the origin of human menopause is wanting. Menopause onset is defined clinically as the final menses, confirmed after 1 year without menstruation. The theory proposed herein explains at multiple levels - ultimately genetic but involving (1) behavioral, (2) life his...
journal_title:Frontiers in genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fgene.2016.00222
更新日期:2017-01-06 00:00:00
abstract::A case-control study was used to explore the association between the methylation status in the promoter regions of the cGAS, MAVS, and TRAF3 genes and the diseases of cervical precancerous lesions (CPL) and cervical cancer (CC) in a Southern Chinese population, and to further explore their interaction effects with hig...
journal_title:Frontiers in genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fgene.2019.01123
更新日期:2019-11-14 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of this study was to extract novel phenotypes related to disease resilience using daily feed intake data from growing pigs under a multifactorial natural disease challenge that was designed to mimic a commercial environment with high disease pressure to maximize expression of resilience. Data used were t...
journal_title:Frontiers in genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fgene.2018.00660
更新日期:2019-01-08 00:00:00
abstract::Improving grain yield in the staple food crop rice has been long sought goal of plant biotechnology. One of the traits with significant impact on rice breeding programs is peduncle elongation at the time of heading failing which leads to significant reduction in grain yield due to incomplete panicle exsertion. To deci...
journal_title:Frontiers in genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fgene.2020.584678
更新日期:2020-12-03 00:00:00
abstract::Chemicals, toxicants, and environmental stressors mediate their biologic effect through specific modes of action (MOAs). These encompass key molecular events that lead to changes in the expression of genes within regulatory pathways. Elucidating shared biologic processes and overlapping gene networks will help to bett...
journal_title:Frontiers in genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fgene.2017.00157
更新日期:2017-10-24 00:00:00
abstract::Identifying driver genes that contribute to cancer progression from numerous passenger genes, although a central goal, is a major challenge. The protein-protein interaction network provides convenient and reasonable assistance for driver gene discovery. Random walk-based methods have been widely used to prioritize nod...
journal_title:Frontiers in genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fgene.2020.00377
更新日期:2020-04-28 00:00:00
abstract::Ephb6 gene knockout causes hypertension in castrated mice. EPHB6 controls catecholamine secretion by adrenal gland chromaffin cells (AGCCs) in a testosterone-dependent way. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) is a ligand-gated Ca2+/Na+ channel, and its opening is the first signaling event leading to catecholamine...
journal_title:Frontiers in genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fgene.2020.539862
更新日期:2020-11-27 00:00:00
abstract::Gene expression profiling has been widely used to characterize cell status to reflect the health of the body, to diagnose genetic diseases, etc. In recent years, although the cost of genome-wide expression profiling is gradually decreasing, the cost of collecting expression profiles for thousands of genes is still ver...
journal_title:Frontiers in genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fgene.2019.01077
更新日期:2019-11-12 00:00:00
abstract::Mutations in mitochondrial (mt) DNA determine important human diseases. The majority of the known pathogenic mutations are located in transfer RNA (tRNA) genes and are responsible for a wide range of currently untreatable disorders. Experimental evidence both in yeast and in human cells has shown that the detrimental ...
journal_title:Frontiers in genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fgene.2015.00113
更新日期:2015-03-23 00:00:00
abstract::The Jats represent a large ethnic community that has inhabited the northwest region of India and Pakistan for several thousand years. It is estimated the community has a population of over 123 million people. Many historians and academics have asserted that the Jats are descendants of Aryans, Scythians, or other ancie...
journal_title:Frontiers in genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fgene.2017.00121
更新日期:2017-09-20 00:00:00
abstract::Empirical evidence is limited on whether allopolyploid species combine or merge parental adaptations to broaden habitats. The allopolyploid Arabidopsis kamchatica is a hybrid of the two diploid parents Arabidopsis halleri and Arabidopsis lyrata. A. halleri is a facultative heavy metal hyperaccumulator, and may be foun...
journal_title:Frontiers in genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fgene.2020.565854
更新日期:2020-09-30 00:00:00
abstract::In the last few years, the role of non-coding regulatory elements and their involvement in human disease have received great attention. Among the non-coding regulatory sequences, enhancers are particularly important for the proper establishment of cell type-specific gene-expression programs. Furthermore, the disruptio...
journal_title:Frontiers in genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fgene.2020.00688
更新日期:2020-07-20 00:00:00
abstract::Advances in the field of sequencing techniques have resulted in the greatly accelerated production of huge sequence datasets. This presents immediate challenges in database maintenance at datacenters. It provides additional computational challenges in data mining and sequence analysis. Together these represent a signi...
journal_title:Frontiers in genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fgene.2012.00280
更新日期:2012-12-11 00:00:00
abstract::Excessive fat deposition can cause chicken health problem, and affect production efficiency by causing great economic losses to the industry. However, the molecular underpinnings of the complex adiposity trait remain elusive. In the current study, we constructed and compared the gene co-expression networks on four tra...
journal_title:Frontiers in genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fgene.2020.00537
更新日期:2020-05-29 00:00:00
abstract::Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease for which it is difficult to find exact disease-related genes. Effectively identifying disease-related genes would contribute to improving the treatment and diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. Current methods for identifying disease-related genes mainly focus on the hypoth...
journal_title:Frontiers in genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fgene.2020.00328
更新日期:2020-04-21 00:00:00
abstract::The Xichuan black-bone chicken, which is a rare local chicken species in China, is an important genetic resource of black-bone chickens. Tyrosine can affect melanin production, but the molecular mechanism underlying tyrosine-induced melanin deposition in Xichuan black-bone chickens is poorly understood. Here, the blac...
journal_title:Frontiers in genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fgene.2019.00457
更新日期:2019-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::Genetic variants can influence the expression of mRNA and protein. Genetic regulatory loci such as expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) and protein quantitative trait loci (pQTLs) exist in several species. However, it remains unclear how human genetic variants regulate mRNA and protein expression. Here, we chara...
journal_title:Frontiers in genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fgene.2019.00806
更新日期:2019-09-10 00:00:00
abstract::Resistant Starch (RS), plays a crucial role in human health and nutrition by controlling glucose metabolism. RS or dietary fibre content in rice is low because it goes through a variety of process before it is ready for cooking and consumption. Hence, this study was carried out to develop a rice mutant with increased ...
journal_title:Frontiers in genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fgene.2019.00946
更新日期:2019-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::mRNA-Seq is a precise and highly reproducible technique for measurement of transcripts levels and yields sequence information of a transcriptome at a single nucleotide base-level thus enabling us to determine splice junctions and alternative splicing events with high confidence. Often analysis of mRNA-Seq data does no...
journal_title:Frontiers in genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fgene.2012.00239
更新日期:2012-11-27 00:00:00
abstract::Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI) is a rare inherited bone dysplasia, which is mainly caused by mutations in genes encoding type I collagen including COL1A1 and COL1A2. It has been well established to identify the classical variants as well as consensus splicing-site-variants in these genes in our previous studies. However...
journal_title:Frontiers in genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fgene.2019.00979
更新日期:2019-10-18 00:00:00
abstract::Next generation sequencing (NGS) technologies, primarily based on massively parallel sequencing, have touched and radically changed almost all aspects of research worldwide. These technologies have allowed for the rapid analysis, to date, of the genomes of more than 2,000 different species. In humans, NGS has arguably...
journal_title:Frontiers in genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fgene.2014.00466
更新日期:2015-01-14 00:00:00
abstract::Postpartum depression (PPD) affects up to 19% of women, negatively impacting maternal and infant health. Reductions in plasma oxytocin levels have been associated with PPD and heritability studies have established a genetic contribution. Epigenetic regulation of the oxytocin receptor gene (OXTR) has been demonstrated ...
journal_title:Frontiers in genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fgene.2015.00243
更新日期:2015-07-21 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, we examined whether smoking and drinking affect sperm quality and the DNA methylation of the repetitive element LINE-1, MEST, P16, H19, and GNAS in sperm. Semen samples were obtained from 143 male residents in a minority-inhabited district of Guizhou province in southwest China. Quantitative DNA methyla...
journal_title:Frontiers in genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fgene.2019.01001
更新日期:2019-10-18 00:00:00
abstract:Background/Aims:Leiomyosarcoma (LMS) is a tumor derived from malignant mesenchymal tissue associated with poor prognosis. Determining potential prognostic markers for LMS can provide clues for early diagnosis, recurrence, and treatment. Methods:RNA sequence data and clinical features of 103 LMS were obtained from the ...
journal_title:Frontiers in genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fgene.2019.01408
更新日期:2020-02-04 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Using a novel candidate SNP approach, we aimed to identify a possible genetic basis for the higher glioma incidence in Whites relative to East Asians and African-Americans. METHODS: We hypothesized that genetic regions containing SNPs with extreme differences in allele frequencies across ethnicities are mo...
journal_title:Frontiers in genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fgene.2012.00203
更新日期:2012-10-12 00:00:00
abstract::The diagnosis of mesothelioma is not always straightforward, despite known immunohistochemical markers and other diagnostic techniques. One reason for the difficulty is that extrapleural tumors resembling mesothelioma may have several possible etiologies, especially in cases with no meaningful history of amphibole asb...
journal_title:Frontiers in genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fgene.2014.00151
更新日期:2014-05-30 00:00:00
abstract::Searching for the Multiple Longest Common Subsequences (MLCS) of multiple sequences is a classical NP-hard problem, which has been used in many applications. One of the most effective exact approaches for the MLCS problem is based on dominant point graph, which is a kind of directed acyclic graph (DAG). However, the t...
journal_title:Frontiers in genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fgene.2017.00104
更新日期:2017-08-09 00:00:00