Interactive effects of age and respiratory virus on severe lower respiratory infection.

abstract：:Over Christmas 1993, an outbreak of food poisoning occurred among guests in a hotel in South West Scotland. Evidence from a cohort study strongly suggested that raw oysters were the vehicle for infection, probably due to a Small Round Structured Virus (SRSV). Detailed enquiry about the source and preparation of the oy...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Chalmers JW,McMillan JH

更新日期：1995-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cirrhotic patients are prone to having infections, which may aggravate hepatic encephalopathy (HE). However, the effect of infections on mortality in HE cirrhotic patients is not well described. The National Health Insurance Database, derived from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Programme, was used to identify 41...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Hung TH,Lay CJ,Chang CM,Tsai JJ,Tsai CC,Tsai CC

更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The epidemiological data on shigellosis in Teknaf, a coastal area of Bangladesh, were reviewed for a 10-year period (1975-84). Certain similarities and differences were observed in the epidemiology of the disease in Teknaf when compared with urban Dhaka and rural Matlab. Similarities included: round-the-year infection...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Hossain MA,Albert MJ,Hasan KZ

更新日期：1990-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The transmission of tuberculosis (TB) in bars is difficult to study. The objective was to describe a large TB outbreak in a company's bar and other leisure settings. A descriptive study of a TB outbreak was carried out. Contacts were studied in the index case's workplace bar (five circles of contacts) and other recrea...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Godoy P,Alsedà M,Falguera M,Puig T,Bach P,Monrabà M,Manonelles A

更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We analysed two large national surveys conducted in 2001 and 2008 to examine incidence and outcomes of gastroenteritis in older Australians. A case was someone reporting ≥3 loose stools or ≥1 episode of vomiting in 24 h, excluding non-infectious causes. We compared cases arising in the elderly (≥65 years) and in other...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Kirk MD,Hall GV,Becker N

更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To identify predictive factors and mortality of patients with influenza admitted to intensive care units (ICU) we carried out a prospective cohort study of patients hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed influenza in adult ICUs in a network of Canadian hospitals between 2006 and 2012. There were 626 influenza-positive...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Taylor G,Abdesselam K,Pelude L,Fernandes R,Mitchell R,McGeer A,Frenette C,Suh KN,Wong A,Katz K,Wilkinson K,Mersereau T,Gravel D,Canadian Nosocomial Infection Surveillance Program (CNISP).

更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A Q fever outbreak was declared in February 2016 in a company that manufactures hoists and chains and therefore with no apparent occupational-associated risk. Coxiella burnetii infection was diagnosed by serology in eight of the 29 workers of the company; seven of them had fever or flu-like signs and five had pneumoni...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Hurtado A,Alonso E,Aspiritxaga I,López Etxaniz I,Ocabo B,Barandika JF,Fernández-Ortiz DE Murúa JI,Urbaneja F,Álvarez-Alonso R,Jado I,García-Pérez AL

更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Escherichia coli O157 outbreaks were identified in Minnesota in February 2003 involving seven persons and in Colorado in July 2003 involving 13 persons. Case isolates from the two states had matching pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) patterns. Independent case-control studies linked infections in each outbreak w...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Ferguson DD,Scheftel J,Cronquist A,Smith K,Woo-Ming A,Anderson E,Knutsen J,De AK,Gershman K

更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Leptospirosis is the most widespread zoonosis in humans worldwide. In the United States, widespread detection of antibodies to leptospirosis have been identified in feral swine (Sus scrofa) with the highest detection of serovars, Bratislava, Icterohaemorrhagiae, and Pomona. Over the past few years, feral swine populat...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Pedersen K,Anderson TD,Bevins SN,Pabilonia KL,Whitley PN,Virchow DR,Gidlewski T

更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We describe here an examination of the validity of molecular types of Campylobacter jejuni as defined by separation of SmaI-digested DNA using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), recently suggested as part of a molecular subtyping scheme. Thirty-four Danish strains from humans, water, poultry and cattle were assi...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： On SL,Nielsen EM,Engberg J,Madsen M

更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An analysis was undertaken to measure age-specific vaccine effectiveness (VE) of 2010/11 trivalent seasonal influenza vaccine (TIV) and monovalent 2009 pandemic influenza vaccine (PIV) administered in 2009/2010. The test-negative case-control study design was employed based on patients consulting primary care. Overall...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Pebody RG,Andrews N,Fleming DM,McMenamin J,Cottrell S,Smyth B,Durnall H,Robertson C,Carman W,Ellis J,Sebastian-Pillai P,Zambon M,Kearns C,Moore C,Thomas DR,Watson JM

更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Enteric pathogens are commonly known to be transmitted through food or water; however, contact with animals is another important transmission route. This study estimated the annual burden of illness attributable to animal contact for eight enteric pathogens in Canada. Using data from a Canadian expert elicitation on t...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Murray R,Tataryn J,Pintar K,Thomas MK

更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To estimate the incidence of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) following Campylobacter jejuni infection (CI) we studied three populations where outbreaks of CI had occurred involving an estimated 8000 cases. No case of GBS was detected in the 6 months following the outbreaks in the local populations. The point estimate fo...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： McCarthy N,Andersson Y,Jormanainen V,Gustavsson O,Giesecke J

更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper compares strains of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) serotype SAT (South African Territories) 2 viruses isolated from Zimbabwe and other African countries using monoclonal antibodies (MAb). A sandwich-ELISA was used to examine the relative binding of anti-SAT 2 MAb to the various viruses. The MAb-binding profil...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Davidson FL,Crowther JR,Nqindi J,Knowles NJ,Thevasagayam SJ,Van Vuuren CJ

更新日期：1995-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We compared gastroenteritis cases that consulted a general practitioner (GP) with those who did not in a community-based study and also with those in a GP-based study. We aimed to identify factors associated with consultation, and with inclusion of cases by GPs, and secondly to study the effects on the frequency of de...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： de Wit MA,Kortbeek LM,Koopmans MP,de Jager CJ,Wannet WJ,Bartelds AI,van Duynhoven YT

更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Extensively drug-resistant (XDR) tuberculosis (TB) poses a threat to public health due to its complicated, expensive and often unsuccessful treatment. A cluster of three XDR TB cases was detected among foreign medical students of a Romanian university. The contact investigations included tuberculin skin testing or int...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Popovici O,Monk P,Chemtob D,Chiotan D,Freidlin PJ,Groenheit R,Haanperä M,Homorodean D,Mansjö M,Robinson E,Rorman E,Smith G,Soini H,Van Der Werf MJ

更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) are similarly structured viruses with similar environmental survival, but different routes of transmission. While RSV is transmitted predominantly by direct and indirect contact, influenza is also transmitted by aerosol. The cold, dry conditions of temperate winters appe...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Paynter S

更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:During the 10-year period 1978-87 there were 48 outbreaks of food poisoning in Scottish hospitals affecting a total of 2287 persons of whom 12 died. This compared with 50 outbreaks during the previous 5 years (1973-77) when over 1500 persons and 7 deaths were recorded. Although the incidence of outbreaks has decreased...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Collier PW,Sharp JC,MacLeod AF,Forbes GI,Mackay F

更新日期：1988-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This nested case-control study investigated the risk factors for gastroenteritis in a cohort using rainwater as their primary domestic water source. Consumption of beef [odds ratio (OR) 2·74, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1·56-4·80], handling of raw fresh chicken in the household (OR 1·52, 95% CI 1·02-2·29) and animal ...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Rodrigo S,Sinclair M,Wolfe R,Leder K

更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vaccination has reduced rotavirus hospitalizations by 25% in European regions with low-moderate vaccine availability. We aimed to quantify the reduction in hospital costs after the longest period in which Rotarix® and Rotateq® were simultaneously commercially available in Spain. Cases, length of stay (LOS), and diagno...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Redondo-González O,Tenías-Burillo JM,Ruiz-Gonzalo J

更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Estimation of farm prevalence is common in veterinary research. Typically, not all animals within the farm are sampled, and imperfect tests are used. Often, assumptions about herd sizes and sampling proportions are made, which may be invalid in smallholder settings. We propose an alternative method for estimating farm...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Beauvais W,Orynbayev M,Guitian J

更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A micro-epidemic of hantavirus infections occurred in Lower Bavaria, South-East Germany, starting in April 2004. While only three cases were registered from 2001 to 2003, a dramatically increased number of clinically apparent human hantavirus infections (n=38) was observed in 2004, plus seven additional cases by June ...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Essbauer S,Schmidt J,Conraths FJ,Friedrich R,Koch J,Hautmann W,Pfeffer M,Wölfel R,Finke J,Dobler G,Ulrich R

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Francisella tularensis was identified as the cause of a die-off which occurred among a colony of semi-free-living common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus). During the outbreak 5 out of 62 animals died of tularaemia in a research facility located in the district of Goettingen, Germany. All animals had been born at the fac...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Splettstoesser WD,Mätz-Rensing K,Seibold E,Tomaso H,Al Dahouk S,Grunow R,Essbauer S,Buckendahl A,Finke EJ,Neubauer H

更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:When Pst I-generated digests of genomic DNA from each of the type strains of 49 of the Vi phage types of Salmonella typhi were probed with a PCR-amplified IS200 gene probe, all strains were found to possess at least 11 IS200 elements carried on fragments in the range 24.2-1.2 kb. Fourteen fingerprints were identified ...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Threlfall EJ,Torre E,Ward LR,Dávalos-Pérez A,Rowe B,Gibert I

更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:From 1971 to 2012, in New York State, years with human Eastern equine encephalitis (EEE) were more strongly associated with the presence of Aedes canadensis, Coquillettidia perturbans and Culiseta melanura mosquitoes infected with the EEE virus (Fisher's exact test, one-sided P = 0.005, 0.03, 0.03) than with Culiseta ...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Sherwood JA,Stehman SV,Howard JJ,Oliver J

更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this study the distribution of phenotypes of campylobacter strains in sewage and surface waters was investigated by subtyping and by speciation of isolates from various aquatic environments. These environments included two municipal sewage plants (SPA and SPB) and waste water from a poultry abattoir (WWA). Both the...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Koenraad PM,Ayling R,Hazeleger WC,Rombouts FM,Newell DG

更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dromedary camels have been shown to be the main reservoir for human Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) infections. This systematic review aims to compile and analyse all published data on MERS-coronavirus (CoV) in the global camel population to provide an overview of current knowledge on the distribution, spread ...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Sikkema RS,Farag EABA,Islam M,Atta M,Reusken CBEM,Al-Hajri MM,Koopmans MPG

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Group L, beta-haemolytic streptococci can cause infection in dogs, pigs, cattle and sheep but there have been very few reports in man. In studies of skin infection in meat handlers we cultured group L streptococci from clinically infected wounds, impetigo and paronychia of 15 patients involved in the slaughter and pro...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Barnham M,Neilson DJ

更新日期：1987-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Between January 1994 and October 1997, we interviewed 2576 black in-patients with newly diagnosed cancer in Johannesburg and Soweto, South Africa. Blood was tested for HIV-1 and HHV-8 antibodies and the study was restricted to 2191 HIV-1 antibody-negative patients. We examined the relationship between infection with H...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Wojcicki JM,Newton R,Urban M,Stein L,Hale M,Patel M,Ruff P,Sur R,Bourboulia D,Sitas F

更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fourteen people living in or near the city of Gloucester fell ill with Legionnaires' disease caused by Legionella pneumophila serogroup (SG) 1 between 27 August and 27 October 1986. Another patient had fallen ill on 30 May. Nine of the 15 were diagnosed retrospectively during a case finding exercise. There were three ...

journal_title：Epidemiology and infection

authors： Hunt DA,Cartwright KA,Smith MC,Middleton J,Bartlett CL,Lee JV,Dennis PJ,Harper D

更新日期：1991-08-01 00:00:00