Sex differences in attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: candidate genetic and endocrine mechanisms.

Abstract:

:Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a developmental condition characterised by severe inattention, pathological impulsivity and hyperactivity; it is relatively common affecting up to 6% of children, and is associated with a risk of long-term adverse educational and social consequences. Males are considerably more likely to be diagnosed with ADHD than females; the course of the disorder and its associated co-morbidities also appear to be sensitive to sex. Here, I discuss fundamental biological (genetic and endocrine) mechanisms that have been shown to, or could theoretically, contribute towards these sexually dimorphic phenomena. Greater understanding of how and why the sexes differ with respect to ADHD vulnerability should allow us to identify and characterise novel protective and risk factors for the disorder, and should ultimately facilitate improved diagnosis, prognosis and treatment.

journal_name

Front Neuroendocrinol

authors

Davies W

doi

10.1016/j.yfrne.2014.03.003

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2014-08-01 00:00:00

pages

331-46

issue

3

eissn

0091-3022

issn

1095-6808

pii

S0091-3022(14)00037-5

journal_volume

35

pub_type

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