Abstract:
:The present electronic era has seen massive proliferation of electrical and electronic equipment especially during the last two decades. These gadgets have become indispensable components of human life. The gravity of this sensitive 21st century problem is being felt by relevant stakeholders from the community to global level. Consequently, the annual global generation of e-waste is estimated to be 20-50 million tons. According to the Basel Action Network, 500 million computers contain 287 billion kilograms (kg) plastics; 716.7 million kg lead; and 286,700 kg mercury. These gadgets contain over 50 elements from the periodic table. The lethal components include heavy metals (like cadmium, mercury, copper, nickel, lead, barium, hexavalent chromium and beryllium); phosphor; plastics; and brominated flame retardants. These are persistent, mobile, and bioaccumulative toxins that remain in the environment but their forms are changed and are carcinogens, mutagens and teratogens. The ensuing hazardous waste has created deleterious impacts on physical, biological and socioeconomic environments. The lithosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and atmosphere of Earth are being gravely polluted. Human beings and other biodiversity face fatal diseases, such as cancer, reproductive disorders, neural damages, endocrine disruptions, asthmatic bronchitis, and brain retardation. Marginal populations of developing countries living in squatter/slums are most vulnerable. Numerous issues are associated with uncontrolled generation, unscientific and environmentally inappropriate recycling processes for the extraction of heavy and precious metals (e.g., gold, platinum, and silver), illegal transboundary shipments from advanced to developing countries and weak conventions/legislations at global and national levels. Although the Basel Convention has been ratified by most countries, illicit trading/trafficking of hazardous substances remains unchecked, sometimes "disguised" as donations. The fact of matter is that vested business interests have surpassed ethical values. Existing scenarios of unbridled e-waste generation has attained alarming levels for humanity. This warrants immediate attention by public and private sectors, civil society, NGOs, industrialists and the business community for the protection of nature and natural resources from future destruction. Multipronged strategies need to be adopted for the management of e-waste encompassing administrative, technical, environmental, regulatory, legislative, educative, stakeholders' participation and global cooperation.
journal_name
Rev Environ Healthjournal_title
Reviews on environmental healthauthors
Hussain M,Mumtaz Sdoi
10.1515/reveh-2014-0016subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-01-01 00:00:00pages
53-8issue
1-2eissn
0048-7554issn
2191-0308pii
/j/reveh.2014.29.issue-1-2/reveh-2014-0016/reveh-2journal_volume
29pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Background This review intends to explore the household hazardous waste (HHW) generation rates, HHW management, and people's awareness regarding HHW in Asian countries based on the economic levels using the available published articles. Methods This is a systematic review of the scientific literature based on several ...
journal_title:Reviews on environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1515/reveh-2019-0049
更新日期:2019-12-18 00:00:00
abstract::Pesticide-induced oxidative stress as a possible mechanism of toxicity has been a focus of toxicological research for the last decade. Yet for certain pesticides, mechanisms leading to oxidative stress are only partly understood. Pesticide-induced oxidative stress is the final manifestation of a multi-step pathway, re...
journal_title:Reviews on environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1515/reveh.2001.16.1.1
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This review provides a snapshot of some key environmental health issues that will provide ongoing challenges for the Pacific Basin region in the coming decades. It is clear that climate change as well as the rapidly increasing production of environmental pollutants are significant emerging environmental health issues....
journal_title:Reviews on environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1515/reveh.2011.006
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Children living in poverty are disproportionately at risk from and affected by environmental hazards. According to the National Center for Children in Poverty, 13 million children in America live in poverty. Thus, not only are millions of children living in poverty but are also living in environments that are hazardou...
journal_title:Reviews on environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1515/reveh.2011.021
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phthalate exposure is ubiquitous and may affect child and adolescent health through both in utero exposure and direct exposure during childhood. Variability in exposure within women is not well documented. We analyzed 90 first-morning urine samples collected by ten reproductive-age women for phthalate metabolites and ...
journal_title:Reviews on environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1515/reveh.2010.25.4.359
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Over the past decades, the use of common sources of electromagnetic fields such as Wi-Fi routers and mobile phones has been increased enormously all over the world. There is ongoing concern that exposure to electromagnetic fields can lead to adverse health effects. It has recently been shown that even low doses of mer...
journal_title:Reviews on environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1515/reveh-2015-0017
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Surveillance systems to inform controls for waterborne disease (WBD) are important for the protection of public health. Member States of the European Union (EU) will soon be required to implement Directives and the Protocol on Water and Health for controlling WBD. The investigation reported here considers the consiste...
journal_title:Reviews on environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1515/reveh.2002.17.2.149
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nowadays the use of conventional wastewater treatment methods is becoming increasingly challenging mainly due to the presence of organic matter in wastewater. Therefore, an emerging technology is needed to deal with these highly concentrated and toxic non-biodegradable organic matters. In the last few decades, advance...
journal_title:Reviews on environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1515/reveh-2019-0024
更新日期:2019-12-18 00:00:00
abstract::Many alternative shift schedules "compress" the working week into a smaller number of days by adding more work hours per day. The assessment of such work schedules needs to take into consideration the advantages and disadvantages of this style of work on workers' health and well-being. The aim of the present study was...
journal_title:Reviews on environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1515/reveh.1994.10.1.67
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A number of serious environmental health hazards created by under-regulated/unregulated industries have morphed into public health crises around the world. The Conference on Corporate Interference with Science and Health (the Conference) was held to examine this trend in three economically significant industries: frac...
journal_title:Reviews on environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1515/reveh-2013-0990
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::AbstractThe National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Superfund Research Program (SRP) funds diverse transdisciplinary research to understand how hazardous substances contribute to disease. SRP research focuses on how to prevent these exposures by promoting problem-based, solution-oriented research. SRP's ma...
journal_title:Reviews on environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1515/reveh-2020-0073
更新日期:2020-08-31 00:00:00
abstract::Housing issues are of fundamental importance to the health and independence of older people in Britain, but this concept is not reflected in planning for health, housing, or community care. An analysis of community care plans and public health reports reflects how little attention the majority give either to the impor...
journal_title:Reviews on environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,评审
doi:10.1515/reveh.2000.15.1-2.149
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The overall project objective at the Iron King Mine Superfund site is to determine the level and potential risk associated with heavy metal exposure of the proximate population emanating from the site's tailings pile. To provide sufficient size-fractioned dust for multi-discipline research studies, a dust generator wa...
journal_title:Reviews on environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1515/reveh-2015-0061
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The potential health impacts of climate change are wide-ranging, from direct impacts at familiar local scales, through indirect effects occurring at the regional or ecosystem level, to long term effects on the sustainability of global systems. To assess these potential impacts, there is a need to broaden the scope of ...
journal_title:Reviews on environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1515/reveh.1997.12.3.191
更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are a class of synthetic halogenated organic compounds used in commercial and household products, such as textiles, furniture, and electronics, to increase their flame ignition resistance and to meet fire safety standards. The demonstrated persistence, bioaccumulation, and toxic ...
journal_title:Reviews on environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1515/reveh.2009.24.3.157
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pyrethroid insecticides are commonly used worldwide. The chronic effects of these compounds are of concern given that epidemiological studies have suggested an association with hematological cancer, particularly in children. However, the biological evidence at molecular and cellular levels is limited. A review on the ...
journal_title:Reviews on environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1515/reveh-2018-0070
更新日期:2019-06-26 00:00:00
abstract::The potential impacts of coal mining on health have been addressed by the application of impact assessment methodologies that use the results of qualitative and quantitative analyses to support their conclusions and recommendations. Although human epidemiological analyses can provide the most relevant measures of risk...
journal_title:Reviews on environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1515/reveh-2019-0033
更新日期:2019-12-18 00:00:00
abstract::Nanoscale titanium dioxide (nanoTiO2) is a commercially important nanomaterial used in numerous applications. Experimental studies with nanotitania have documented lung injury and inflammation, oxidative stress, and genotoxicity. Production workers in TiO2 manufacturing with a high proportion of nanoparticles and a mi...
journal_title:Reviews on environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1515/reveh-2016-0030
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Of the total wastes generated by health-care organizations, 10%-25% are biomedical wastes, which are hazardous to humans and the environment and requires specific treatment and management. For decades, incineration was the method of choice for the treatment of such infectious wastes. Incinerator releases a wide variet...
journal_title:Reviews on environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1515/reveh-2012-0035
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aedes aegypti mosquitoes are primary vectors of dengue, yellow fever, chikungunya and Zika viruses. Ae. aegypti is highly anthropophilic and relies nearly exclusively on human blood meals and habitats for reproduction. Socioeconomic factors may be associated with the spread of Ae. aegypti due to their close relationsh...
journal_title:Reviews on environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1515/reveh-2020-0028
更新日期:2020-08-24 00:00:00
abstract::Progress in providing clean water and sanitation throughout the developing world has been steady and encouraging, even though UN Millennium Development Goals will not be completely met. A number of important lessons have been learned along the way with respect to point-of-use water treatment and sanitation devices tha...
journal_title:Reviews on environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1515/reveh-2014-0017
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::1,4-Dichlorobenzene (1,4-DCB) is a wide-spread environmental contaminant and well-described hepatotoxicant for rats and mice. The prolonged oral or inhalation exposure to 1,4-DCB is associated with an increased frequency of hepatic tumors in mice, but not in rats. Evidence is lacking of direct genotoxicity with 1,4-DC...
journal_title:Reviews on environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1515/reveh.2002.17.4.279
更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Exposure to extremely low frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MF) and electric shocks occurs in many workplaces and occupations but it is unclear whether any of these exposures cause Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to explore whether occupational exposure to ELF-M...
journal_title:Reviews on environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1515/reveh-2020-0041
更新日期:2020-09-18 00:00:00
abstract::121 workers who were exposed to RFR (< 30 MHz) over one year were examined. They were divided into two groups: one group was exposed to high electric field intensity (> or = 100 V/m), another to low intensity (< 100 V/m) and both groups were compared to control subjects. No significant changes in the functioning of th...
journal_title:Reviews on environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The role of human ecology in understanding of environmental health problems is discussed, and the importance of study on "regional" ecosystems is emphasized in consideration of recent arguments on theoretical frame work of human ecology. After brief conceptual discussion on "regional" ecosystems, the environmental hea...
journal_title:Reviews on environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Environmental exposures are changing dramatically in location, intensity, and frequency. Many developing countries are undergoing a transition in which they face the double burden of infectious diseases as well as chronic diseases. Noncommunicable diseases have emerged as the leading cause of death and disability in d...
journal_title:Reviews on environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1515/reveh-2015-0049
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vapor intrusion (VI) is a term used to describe indoor air (IA) contamination that occurs due to the migration of chemical vapors in the soil and groundwater. The overall vapor transport process depends on several factors such as contaminant source characteristics, subsurface conditions, building characteristics, and ...
journal_title:Reviews on environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1515/reveh-2016-0039
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of the study was to assess the relation between the simultaneous exposure to alcohol and consumption of micronutrients that have protective properties against colorectal cancer. A hospital-based case-control study of colorectal cancer was carried out between January 1998 and November 1999 at the University...
journal_title:Reviews on environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1515/reveh.2001.16.3.213
更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim was to study the effect of job task and fast backward-rotating shifts on the time-of-day variations of cortisol, fatigue, and sleep disturbances in broadcasting sound engineers. The concentration of saliva cortisol and ratings of stress, sleepiness, and fatigue were followed at 3-hour intervals during the fast...
journal_title:Reviews on environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1515/reveh.2008.23.1.83
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Air contamination influenced the human health and environmental well-being of the ecosystem. Particulate matter is a series of issues from major air pollutants in atmosphere. The aim of the review was to analyses the influence of particulate matter on human health and estimate the number of populations exposed to air ...
journal_title:Reviews on environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1515/reveh-2020-0013
更新日期:2020-08-31 00:00:00