Abstract:
UNLABELLED:Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are attractive avenues of cancer therapy due to the absence of toxic side effects often seen with current treatment modalities. Bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) is a species-specific virus that does not induce cytotoxicity in normal primary human cells but can infect and kill various human immortalized and transformed cell lines. To gain a better understanding of the oncolytic breadth of BHV-1, the NCI panel of established human tumor cell lines was screened for sensitivity to the virus. Overall, 72% of the panel is permissive to BHV-1 infection, with corresponding decreases in cellular viability. This sensitivity is in comparison to a sensitivity of only 32% for a herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1)-based oncolytic vector. Strikingly, while 35% of the panel supports minimal or no BHV-1 replication, significant decreases in cellular viability still occur. These data suggest that BHV-1 is an OV with tropism for multiple tumor types and is able to induce cytotoxicity independent of significant virus replication. In contrast to other species-specific OVs, cellular sensitivity to BHV-1 does not correlate with type I interferon (IFN) signaling; however, mutations in KRAS were found to correlate with high levels of virus replication. The knockdown or overexpression of KRAS in human tumor cell lines yields modest changes in viral titers; however, overexpression of KRAS in normal primary cells elicits permissivity to BHV-1 infection. Together, these data suggest that BHV-1 is a broad-spectrum OV with a distinct mechanism of tumor targeting. IMPORTANCE:Cancer remains a significant health issue, and novel treatments are required, particularly for tumors that are refractory to conventional therapies. Oncolytic viruses are a novel platform given their ability to specifically target tumor cells while leaving healthy cells intact. For this strategy to be successful, a fundamental understanding of virus-host interactions is required. We previously identified bovine herpesvirus 1 as a novel oncolytic virus with many unique and clinically relevant features. Here, we show that BHV-1 can target a wide range of human cancer types, most potently lung cancer. In addition, we show that enhanced KRAS activity, a hallmark of many cancers, is one of the factors that increases BHV-1 oncolytic capacity. These findings hold potential for future treatments, particularly in the context of lung cancer, where KRAS mutations are a negative predictor of treatment efficacy.
journal_name
J Viroljournal_title
Journal of virologyauthors
Cuddington BP,Mossman KLdoi
10.1128/JVI.00849-14subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-06-01 00:00:00pages
6885-95issue
12eissn
0022-538Xissn
1098-5514pii
JVI.00849-14journal_volume
88pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Densonucleosis viruses 1 and 2 both contain the three polyamines putrescine, spermidine, and spermine in complete virus particles but not in their respective top components. The polyamines, with spermidine predominant, comprise 1.41% of the virus particle by weight, which is sufficient to neutralize 26% of the single-...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.21.1.408-410.1977
更新日期:1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acute measles in children can be prevented by immunization with the live attenuated measles vaccine virus. Although immunization is able to induce CD4 and CD8 T cells as well as neutralizing antibodies, only the latter have been correlated with protective immunity. CD8 T cells, however, have been documented to be impo...
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.00160-07
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journal_title:Journal of virology
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doi:10.1128/jvi.77.17.9244-9258.2003
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abstract::MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are potent RNA regulators of gene expression. Some viruses encode miRNAs, most of unknown function. The majority of viral miRNAs are not conserved, and whether any have conserved functions remains unclear. Here, we report that two human polyomaviruses associated with serious disease in immunocomprom...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.01144-08
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prior to the introduction of live-attenuated vaccines, mumps virus (MuV) was the leading cause of virus-induced meningitis. Although vaccination has been effective at controlling the disease, the use of insufficiently attenuated strains has been associated with high rates of aseptic meningitis in vaccinees. The molecu...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.00266-07
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) glycoprotein C (gC) gene was altered so that it encoded a truncated glycoprotein lacking a cytoplasmic domain but retaining 20 of 23 amino acids of the transmembrane domain. No additional amino acid residues were introduced into the glycoprotein encoded by the altered gene. The ...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.62.5.1753-1761.1988
更新日期:1988-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In an earlier study on minus-strand DNA synthesis catalyzed by murine leukemia virus reverse transcriptase, we described a prominent pause site near the polypurine tract (J. Guo, W. Wu, Z. Y. Yuan, K. Post, R. J. Crouch, and J. G . Levin, Biochemistry 34:5018-5029, 1995). We now report that pausing at this site is due...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.70.10.7132-7142.1996
更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A chimeric poliovirus type 1 (PV1) genome was constructed in which the 3D RNA polymerase (3D(pol)) coding sequences were replaced with those from coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3). No infectious virus was produced from HeLa cells transfected with the chimeric RNA. Processing of the PV1 capsid protein precursor was incomplete, ...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.73.11.9413-9421.1999
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have isolated a new type of temperature-sensitive mutant of simian virus 40 (SV40) that is capable of productive infection in permissive cells but not of maintenance of viral DNA integration in transformed cells at the conditional temperature. Virus development is induced when cells transformed by this mutant are s...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.19.2.374-381.1976
更新日期:1976-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.78.13.7138-7147.2004
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Repeated passages of vaccinia virus in increasing concentrations of hydroxyurea followed by plaque purification resulted in the isolation of variants capable of growth in 5 mM hydroxyurea, a drug concentration which inhibited the reproduction of wild-type vaccinia virus 1,000-fold. Analyses of viral protein synthesis ...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.60.2.506-514.1986
更新日期:1986-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::To investigate E7-dependent biochemical changes which are involved in cellular transformation, we analyzed the influence of human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16) E7 on the expression of cell cycle regulatory proteins. Expression of E7 in established rodent fibroblasts (NIH 3T3), which was shown to be sufficient for tr...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.69.10.6389-6399.1995
更新日期:1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Purified rabies virions, unlabeled or labeled with radioactive amino acids or d-glucosamine, were dissociated into their polypeptides by treatment with sodium dodecyl sulfate in a reducing environment and fractionated by electroiphoresis in sodium dodecyl sulfate-containing polyacrylamide gel. The molecular weights of...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.7.2.241-249.1971
更新日期:1971-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The nuclear egress complex (NEC) is required for efficient translocation of newly synthesized herpesvirus nucleocapsids from the nucleus to the cytosol. It consists of the type II membrane protein pUL34 which interacts with pUL31 at the inner nuclear membrane (INM). To map regions within pUL34 required for nuclear mem...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.00021-13
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The nucleotide sequence of the src gene and flanking regions of the Schmidt-Ruppin strain of Rous sarcoma virus (SR-A) was determined. The src region of SR-A was very homologous to that of recovered avian sarcoma virus (rASV1441), with only 17 differences among 1,578 nucleotides. The size of the predicted protein was ...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.44.1.12-18.1982
更新日期:1982-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reoviruses are encapsidated double-stranded RNA viruses that cause systemic disease in mice after peroral (p.o.) inoculation and primary replication in the intestine. In this study, we define components of the immune system involved in the clearing of reovirus from the proximal small intestine. The intestines of immun...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.70.2.1109-1116.1996
更新日期:1996-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.01413-09
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sequencing and reversion analysis of murine hepatitis virus (MHV) temperature-sensitive (ts) viruses has identified putative ts mutations in the replicase nonstructural proteins (nsp's) of these coronaviruses. In this study, reverse transcriptase PCR sequencing of the RNA genome of an isolate of the MHV ts virus Alb t...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.00203-08
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.79.24.15582-15585.2005
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.73.11.9039-9052.1999
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.63.6.2543-2549.1989
更新日期:1989-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.67.12.7383-7393.1993
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.7.2.233-240.1971
更新日期:1971-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) nonstructural protein 3A plays important roles in virus replication, virulence, and host range. In other picornaviruses, homodimerization of 3A has been shown to be relevant for its biological activity. In this work, FMDV 3A homodimerization was evidenced by an in situ protein fluor...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.00580-12
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.02021-06
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human group C adenoviruses cause an acute infection in respiratory epithelia and establish a long-term or persistent infection, possibly in lymphocytes. The mechanism by which this persistence is maintained is unknown; however, it would require that persistently infected lymphocytes not be deleted. The adenovirus geno...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jvi.76.19.9716-9723.2002
更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.62.12.4544-4553.1988
更新日期:1988-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Coronaviruses are the largest RNA viruses, and their genomes encode replication machinery capable of efficient replication of both positive- and negative-strand viral RNAs as well as enzymes capable of processing large viral polyproteins into putative replication intermediates and mature proteins. A model described re...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.00049-07
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV), a double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) virus belonging to the Birnaviridae family, is an economically important avian pathogen. The IBDV capsid is based on a single-shelled T=13 lattice, and the only structural subunits are VP2 trimers. During capsid assembly, VP2 is synthesized as a pro...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.00077-07
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00