[De Quervain thyroiditis. Corner points of the diagnosis].

Abstract:

:Inflammatory disorders of the thyroid gland are divided into three groups according to their duration (acute, subacute and chronic). De Quervain's thyroiditis (also termed giant cell or granulomatous thyroiditis) is a subacute inflammation of the thyroid, which accounts for 5% of thyroid disorders. The etiology is unknown, it usually appears two weeks after an upper viral respiratory infection. The clinical feature includes neck pain, which is aggravated during swallowing, and radiates to the ear. On palpation, the thyroid is exquisitely tender. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate is markedly elevated, the leukocyte count, C-reactive protein are normal or slightly elevated. The natural history of granulomatous thyroiditis involves four phases: the destructive inflammation results temporarily in hyperthyroidism followed by euthyroidism. After a transient hypothyroidism the disease becomes inactive and the thyroid function is normalised. Ultrasonographic findings are diffuse hypoechogenic structures, but nodules may also occur. The disease often remains unrecognised, or the first phase of the disease is diagnosed and treated as hyperthyroidism. The diagnosis can be confirmed by the presence of the thyroid autoantibodies, radioiodine uptake and fine needle aspiration cytology. There is no special treatment, non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs or steroid should be given to relieve the pain. The aim of the authors is to shed light the key points of diagnosis and differential diagnosis by the presentation of four slightly different cases. :A pajzsmirigy gyulladásos megbetegedései klinikai megjelenésük alapján heveny, szubakut és krónikus formákba oszthatók. A de Quervain- (más néven óriássejtes vagy granulomatosus) thyreoiditis a szubakut csoportba sorolható, a pajzsmirigy betegségeinek mintegy 5%-át teszi ki. Eredete pontosan még nem tisztázott, rendszerint két héttel a felső légúti virális infekciót követően jelentkezik. A klinikai képet típusos esetben nyelési, illetve a fül felé sugárzó fájdalom uralja, a pajzsmirigy kifejezett tapintási érzékenységével. Jellemző a jelentősen gyorsult süllyedés, amely nem feltétlenül társul leukocytosissal és a C-reaktív fehérje emelkedésével. Lefolyásában négy fázis figyelhető meg: a destruktív gyulladásos folyamat átmeneti hyperthyreosissal jár, majd annak mérséklődése, illetve megszűnése euthyreoid állapotot eredményez. Utóbbit átmeneti hypothyreoid fázis követi, végül, a regeneráció beindulását követően, ismét normofunkció észlelhető. Az ultrahangos képen diffúz hypoechogen szerkezet látható, nem ritka azonban göbök előfordulása sem. A kórkép gyakran felismeretlen marad, vagy kezdeti szakaszát tévesen, hyperthyreosisként véleményezik és kezelik. Antitestvizsgálatok, pajzsmirigy-szcintigráfia, göbök fennállása esetén finomtű-aspirációs citológiai mintavétel segíthet a kórisme felállításában. Speciális kezelést általában nem igényel, a fájdalom enyhítésére átmenetileg nem szteroid gyulladáscsökkentő, esetleg szteroid adható. A szerzők négy, részben eltérő klinikai megjelenésű esetük bemutatásával a kórismézés és az elkülönítő diagnózis sarokpontjaira kívánják felhívni a figyelmet. Orv. Hetil., 2014, 155(17), 676–680.

journal_name

Orv Hetil

journal_title

Orvosi hetilap

authors

Oláh R,Hajós P,Soós Z,Winkler G

doi

10.1556/OH.2014.29865

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2014-04-27 00:00:00

pages

676-80

issue

17

eissn

0030-6002

issn

1788-6120

pii

H7077874J3M24444

journal_volume

155

pub_type

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