Abstract:
BACKGROUND:The past two decades have seen a great improvement in the care of people with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS), particularly with regard to control of diet and behaviour management. Has this affected mortality rates or thrown up new issues regarding premature ageing or dementia? We investigated two aspects of ageing in people with PWS: (1) an estimate of mortality over 9 years in a cohort of people with PWS, originally recruited in 1998-2000; and (2) premature ageing or dementia in people aged ⩾40 years. METHOD:(1) A follow-up of the population-based 1998-2000 cohort to investigate the subsequent mortality rate; and (2) the recruitment and structured assessment of all members of the Prader-Willi Syndrome Association UK (PWSA-UK) aged ⩾40 years who agreed to participate. RESULTS:Follow-up of the population-based 1998-2000 cohort gave a mortality rate of at least 7/62 over 9 years (1.25% per annum; 20 untraced), age at death was between 13 and 59 years. Twenty-six members of the PWSA-UK aged ⩾40 years were recruited, 18 of whom had a genetic diagnosis (gd) of PWS. Twenty-two (14 gd) showed no evidence of dementia. Four, with possible symptoms, are described in more detail; all are female, of maternal uniparental disomy (mUPD) genetic subtype, or have a disomic region, and all have a long history of psychotic illness. CONCLUSIONS:The mortality rate in people with PWS seems to be declining. The subgroup of people with PWS due to UPD or disomic region with female gender and a history of psychosis may be at risk of early onset dementia.
journal_name
Psychol Medjournal_title
Psychological medicineauthors
Whittington JE,Holland AJ,Webb Tdoi
10.1017/S0033291714001755subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-02-01 00:00:00pages
615-21issue
3eissn
0033-2917issn
1469-8978pii
S0033291714001755journal_volume
45pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:To our knowledge, there are no universal screening tools for substance dependence that (1) were developed using a population-based sample, (2) estimate total risk briefly and inexpensively by incorporating a relatively small number of well-established risk factors, and (3) aggregate risk factors using a simp...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291715002482
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Alcohol is commonly considered to be associated with persistence of common mental disorder (CMD; anxiety/depression). However no community-based longitudinal studies have investigated the direction of causality. METHOD:We examined the association between alcohol consumption and recovery from CMD using data ...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291707002000
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Alterations in self-monitoring have been reported in patients with psychotic disorders, but it remains unclear to what degree they represent true indicators of familial vulnerability for psychosis. METHOD:An error-correction action-monitoring task was used to examine self-monitoring in 42 patients with schi...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291711001152
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diffuse loss of cortical volume and ventricular enlargement have been demonstrated in schizophrenia using imaging. In addition, histological studies have provided evidence that the number of neurons in the medial temporal lobe structures is reduced and that the cytoarchitecture is abnormal. In an attempt to correlate ...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291700033171
更新日期:1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Little is known about the mental health of partners of survivors of high levels of trauma in post-conflict countries. METHOD:We studied 677 spouse dyads (n = 1354) drawn from a community survey (response 82.4%) in post-conflict Timor-Leste. We used culturally adapted measures of post-traumatic stress disord...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291716002233
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Neuropsychological studies have suggested that memory systems reliant on medial temporal lobe structures are impaired in patients with depression. There is less data regarding whether this impairment is specific to recollection memory systems, and whether clinical features predict impairment. This study soug...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291701004834
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Neuroticism has been shown to increase the risk of depression whereas extraversion is associated with a reduction of risk. These personality traits play a central role in aetiological theories of affective disorder but their role in schizophrenia is unclear. In this study, the risk for schizophrenia associat...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291701004044
更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Aggressive behaviour is increased among those with schizophrenia but less is known about those with affective psychoses. Similarly, little is known about aggressive behaviour occurring at the onset of illness. METHOD:The main reasons for presentation to services were examined among those recruited to a UK-b...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291706008920
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The incidence of cavum septum pellucidum (CSP), which has been widely regarded as a developmental anomaly of little clinical importance in neuropathology, was examined in 113 patients with affective disorders (69 with bipolar disorder and 44 with major depression), 40 schizophrenic patients, and 92 control subjects by...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291700034838
更新日期:1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Three prior population-based twin studies, none of which was nationally representative, suggested that both genetic and familial-environmental factors contribute to family resemblance for lifetime cannabis use. We seek to replicate these results in a US national probability sample of twin and sibling pairs e...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291701004950
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Certain personality traits predispose to criminal behavior (CB). We further clarify this relationship in a Swedish national sample. METHOD:Psychological strength (PS) was assessed on a nine-point scale at personal interview in 1 653 721 Swedish men aged 18-20 years. We examined the association between PS an...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291715001403
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Social media platforms have long been recognised as major disseminators of health misinformation. Many previous studies have found a negative association between health-protective behaviours and belief in the specific form of misinformation popularly known as 'conspiracy theory'. Concerns have arisen regardi...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S003329172000224X
更新日期:2020-06-09 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Schizophrenia (SZ) is a complex disorder characterized by a range of behavioral and cognitive symptoms as well as structural and functional alterations in multiple cortical and subcortical structures. SZ is associated with reduced functional network connectivity involving core regions such as the anterior ci...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291720000859
更新日期:2020-04-24 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Subthreshold depression is a highly prevalent condition and a risk factor for developing a major depressive episode. Internet-based cognitive behaviour therapy may be a promising approach for the treatment of subthreshold depression. The current study had two aims: (1) to determine whether an internet-based ...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1017/S0033291707000542
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Although attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and bipolar disorder (BPD) co-occur frequently and represent a particularly morbid clinical form of both disorders, neuroimaging research addressing this co-morbidity is scarce. Our aim was to evaluate the morphometric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) ...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291707001791
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Over 90% of the 1202 patients investigated in the 9 centres collaborating in the International Pilot Study of Schizophrenia were traced 2 years after the initial examination and on the average over 75% of them were re-examined, using standardized instruments and methods. Results indicate that patients diagnosed as sch...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291700004517
更新日期:1977-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Assaultive violence events are associated with increased risk for adverse psychiatric outcomes, including post-traumatic stress (PTS), depression, and generalized anxiety. Prior research has indicated that economic, legal, and social stressors that could follow assaultive events may explain the increased ris...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291717001143
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) patients often complain that they are more susceptible to acute mental fatigue. It is important to determine whether this is observed using objective tests of sustained attention and responding. METHODS:Sixty-seven patients who fulfilled the criteria for CFS proposed by Sharpe...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s003329179800748x
更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Clinical intuition suggests that personality disorders hinder the treatment of depression, but research findings are mixed. One reason for this might be the way in which current assessment measures conflate general aspects of personality disorders, such as overall severity, with specific aspects, such as sty...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S003329172000361X
更新日期:2020-10-08 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Agitated patients constitute 10% of all emergency psychiatric treatment. Management guidelines, the preferred treatment of clinicians differ in opinion and practice. In Lebanon, the use of the triple therapy haloperidol plus promethazine plus chlorpromazine (HPC) is frequently used but no studies involving t...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291720004869
更新日期:2021-01-06 00:00:00
abstract::Psychiatric disorders are studied at multiple levels, but there is no agreement on how these levels are related to each other, or how they should be understood in the first place. In this paper, I provide an account of levels and their relationships that is suited for psychopathology, drawing from recent debates in ph...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291719002514
更新日期:2019-09-24 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Genetic studies of single gene variants have been criticized as providing a simplistic characterization of the genetic basis of illness risk that ignores the effects of other variants within the same biological pathways. Of candidate biological pathways for schizophrenia (SZ), the cell adhesion molecule (CAM...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291713002663
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::On the basis of information abstracted from case histories, 41 patients who had experienced epileptic seizures thought to be due either to treatment with psychiatric drugs or to withdrawal from sedative drugs were compared with a control group of patients. Those who had experienced seizures were more commonly first bo...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291700029354
更新日期:1977-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Age and sex-adjusted first admission rates for operationally-defined schizophrenia and other non-affective psychosis in different ethnic groups were calculated over the period 1988-1992 in a defined catchment area in South London. Standardized rates for schizophrenia, corrected for age- and gender-related under-report...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291700033845
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:A randomized trial of a primary care-based intervention to prevent depression relapse resulted in improved adherence to long-term antidepressant medication and depression outcomes. We evaluated the effects of this intervention on behavioural processes and identified process predictors of improved depressive ...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1017/s003329170300816x
更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Information regarding the physical and mental health of clients referred to social workers in a local authority intake team and to a general practice attachment scheme was collected over a 3-month period. Although returns to the Department of Health and Social Security during this period indicated that a very low prop...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291700032153
更新日期:1979-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Factor analysis has been employed to identify latent variables that are unifying constructs and that parsimoniously describe correlations among a related group of variables. Confirmatory factor analysis is used to test hypothesized factor structures for a set of variables; it can also, as in this paper be us...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291797005710
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The age of onset in bipolar affective disorder was determined in 200 hospitalized patients. The mean age of their first affective syndrome was 28.3 years, and the mean age of first hospitalization was 30.8 years. However, the median age for first affective syndrome was 23 years (26 years for first hospitalization), an...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291700003147
更新日期:1984-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two groups of 16 subjects, 8 of each gender, were examined on two occasions, one group before and after restricted environmental stimulation with floatation, and the other group without floatation was the control group. They were examined with a tactile object discrimination task carried out with each hand separately ...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291700027422
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sixty-four children taken to court for failure to attend school were reliably classified into 4 groups, according to whether they exhibited the features of 'school refusal' and/or 'truancy'. About a fifth of them were found to exhibit 'school refusal'; a third showed 'truancy'; less than a sixth exhibited both 'school...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291700021024
更新日期:1985-02-01 00:00:00