Abstract：
BACKGROUND AND AIMS:Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), an immune check point inhibitor, is known to be expressed in several malignancies and is being considered as a prognostic factor and a potential immunotherapeutic target. The aim of this study was to characterize PD-L1 expression in thymomas and to determine correlation with clinicopathological features and previously published studies in the literature. METHODS:Tissue microarrays were prepared from selected blocks of thymomas and immunohistochemistry (IHC) for PD-L1 was performed. Cases were considered as PD-L1 positive or negative depending on whether the percentage of stained thymic epithelial cells were <25 or >25%. Results were compared clinically and with previously published studies using Google and Pubmed search engines. RESULTS:Of 84 cases of thymoma, 69 (82.1%) revealed PD-L1 positivity in >25% cells. 94.23% of type B thymoma subtypes (B1/B2/B3) were PD-L1 positive (P < 0.001). There was no correlation of PD-L1 with age, gender, myasthenia gravis, the tumor size or stage of disease. Nine studies were available in the literature; most of which showed PD-L1 expression in higher stage and B subtype however percentage positivity varied from 53.7% to over 90%. CONCLUSIONS:PD-L1 expression is frequent in type B (B1/B2/B3) thymomas. It can be easily evaluated by IHC even on small biopsies in unresectable cases, thereby enabling improved clinical evaluation as well as prognostic stratification of patients. It will serve as a potential indicator for benefit from anti-PD-L1 antibody immunotherapy in thymomas.
journal_name
Ann Diagn Patholjournal_title
Annals of diagnostic pathologyauthors
Guleria P,Husain N,Shukla S,Kumar S,Parshad R,Jain Ddoi
10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2018.03.012subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-06-01 00:00:00pages
135-141eissn
1092-9134issn
1532-8198pii
S1092-9134(18)30013-3journal_volume
34pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Mississippi has the highest prevalence of blastomycosis in the country. In 20 years and 5 months there were 123 patients treated for blastomycosis at the University of Mississippi Medical Center. Among these, 107 patients had lung involvement and nine patients (8.4%) developed acute respiratory distress syndrome. Seve...
journal_title：Annals of diagnostic pathology
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journal_title：Annals of diagnostic pathology
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journal_title：Annals of diagnostic pathology
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journal_title：Annals of diagnostic pathology
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journal_title：Annals of diagnostic pathology
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journal_title：Annals of diagnostic pathology
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journal_title：Annals of diagnostic pathology
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journal_title：Annals of diagnostic pathology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title：Annals of diagnostic pathology
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journal_title：Annals of diagnostic pathology
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journal_title：Annals of diagnostic pathology
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journal_title：Annals of diagnostic pathology
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journal_title：Annals of diagnostic pathology
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journal_title：Annals of diagnostic pathology
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journal_title：Annals of diagnostic pathology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title：Annals of diagnostic pathology
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