Infective complications after free flaps reconstruction in patients affected by head and neck cancer Our experience on 77 cases.

Abstract:

AIM:The success rates of free flaps in patients undergoing head and neck cancer (HNC) surgery are very high (95%- 97%) but the development of a surgical site infection (SSI) can put flap viability at risk. The aim of our study is to identify the risk factors for SSI in patients undergo free flaps reconstruction after head and neck cancer removal. MATERIAL OF STUDY:Seventyseven patients (44 male and 33 female) from April 2006 to April 2015 admitted at the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery of the University of Naples "Federico II" were included in this study. All the patients underwent free flap reconstruction for HNC. RESULTS:A microbiological analysis in 32 patients with signs of SSIs was performed, and 27 (35%) patients showed positive cul ture results, 5 patients were false positives. DISCUSSION:SSIs are one of the most common nosocomial infec tions that increase medical costs. HNC surgery frequently requires opening of the mouth floor, oropharynx, nasopharynx, or proximal esophagus, and these areas are likely to be contaminat ed by local microbiotics. Positive significant correlation between long operation timing and SSIs. CONCLUSION:Was observed the factors contributing to postoperative infections for patients affected by head and neck tumor. 35% of our study population devel oped an SSI (27/77). The most commonly discovered pathogen was MRSA (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus). Were examinated sex, cardiovascular disease, blood loss more than 560 mL, and a long operation time ≥ 6 hours were significant risk factors for SSI. KEY WORDS:Free flaps, Head and neck cancer, Infective complications. :Il tasso di successo dei lembi microchirurgici rivascolarizzati nei pazienti sottoposti a chirurgia oncologica del distretto testa-collo (HNC) è molto elevato (95% - 97%) ma lo sviluppo di un’infezione del sito chirurgico (SSI) può mettere in pericolo la vitalità del lembo. Lo sviluppo di SSI in questi pazienti può portare a deiscenze delle ferite chirurgiche, fistole, sepsi fino alla necrosi del lembo. Tali sequele possono esitare in semplice aumento dei tempi di ospedalizzazione, con tutte le conseguenze socio-economico-sanitarie del caso, fino al possibile rischio di morte del paziente. L’obiettivo principale del nostro lavoro è stato quello di identificare i fattori di rischio per lo sviluppo di infezioni nei pazienti sottoposti a ricostruzione mediante lembi microchirurgici rivascolarizzati per il carcinoma del distretto testa-collo. Dall’aprile 2006 all’aprile 2015 presso l’U.O.C. di Chirurgia Maxillo-Faciale dell’Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II sono stati sottoposti a ricostruzione con lembi microchirurgici rivascolarizzati 77 pazienti, 44 maschi, 33 femmine, età media 57,6 anni. Tutti i paziente sono stati sottoposti al medesimo protocollo farmacologico pre e post operatorio. In 32 casi nel post operatorio si sono evidenziati segni e sintomi di infezione per cui è stata effettuata un’analisi microbiologica: 27 pazienti su 77 totali (35%) hanno mostrato risultati positivi di coltura, 5 pazienti sono stati falsi positivi. I patogeni più frequentemente apprezzati sono stati in ordine decrescente Staffilococcus aureus meticillino resistente 93,3%, seguito da Klebsiella pneumoniae (14,1%) e Pseudomonas aeruginosa (12%). Un’attenta analisi della letteratura unitamente alla nostra esperienza ha evidenziato come le principali cause imputabili ad una sovra infezione siano: età avanzata, sesso maschile, patologia cardiovascolare, perdita ematica intraoperatoria > 560 ml, tracheotomia con risveglio assistito in rianimazione ed procedure chirurgiche invasive con aumento dei tempi chirurgici. La conclusione della nostra analisi è che l’utilizzo dei lembi microchirurgici rivascolarizzati deve seguire delle precise indicazioni al fine di evitare che un buon planning chirurgico possa essere vanificato da complicanze perioperatorie prevedibili alla luce delle comorbidità.

journal_name

Ann Ital Chir

authors

Orabona GD,Corvino R,Maglitto F,Abbate V,Bonavolontà P,Romano A,Salzano G,Califano L

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2018-01-01 00:00:00

pages

62-65

eissn

0003-469X

issn

2239-253X

pii

S0003469X18027550

journal_volume

89

pub_type

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