Lateral lower leg perforator flaps: an anatomical study to localize and classify lateral lower leg perforators.

Abstract:

:Despite increasing use of lateral lower leg perforator flaps, comprehensive anatomical data are still lacking. The aim of this article was to comprehensively document the pattern of usable lateral lower leg perforators. Systematic mapping of 16 cadaver leg perforators in a well-defined area was performed to elucidate location, course, length, diameter, and origin. Overall, 197 perforators were found in 16 lateral lower legs. The mean number of perforators per leg with a diameter ≥ 0.3 mm was 13.4 ± 3.6. Most perforators were found in the distal third (39.0%), followed by the middle third (32.0%), and proximal third (29.0%). A musculocutaneous course was found in 26.9% of the perforators, whereas 73.1% revealed a septocutaneous course. Most septocutaneous perforators (50.0%) were found in the distal third and most musculocutaneous perforators (58.5%) in the proximal third (P < 0.001). The majority of perforators originated from the anterior tibial artery (53.0%), followed by the peroneal artery (41.6%), and the popliteal artery (5.1%). Popliteal artery perforators (1.64 mm) were significantly larger than anterior tibial artery (0.91 mm) and peroneal artery perforators (1.02 mm; P < 0.001). These results may facilitate tissue transfer around the lateral lower leg.

journal_name

Microsurgery

journal_title

Microsurgery

authors

Hupkens P,Schijns W,Van Abeelen M,Kooloos JG,Slater NJ,Ulrich DJ

doi

10.1002/micr.22313

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2015-02-01 00:00:00

pages

140-7

issue

2

eissn

0738-1085

issn

1098-2752

journal_volume

35

pub_type

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