Abstract:
:None of the available antiemetics is entirely effective, perhaps because most of them act through the blockade of one receptor. There is a possibility that a combination of antiemetics with different sites of activity would be more effective than one drug alone for prophylaxis against postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV).The clinical use of combined traditional antiemetics, including antihistamines (e.g. diphenhydramine), butyrophenones (e.g. droperidol) and benzamides (e.g. metoclopramide), for the prevention of PONV is limited because of the possibility of additive central nervous system toxicity, such as delayed emergence, drowsiness and extrapyramidal reactions. The efficacy of a combination of a serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonist (ondansetron, granisetron or tropisetron) and dexamethasone is superior to that of 5-HT3 receptor antagonists alone for the prevention of PONV, suggesting that dexamethasone enhances the antiemetic efficacy of 5-HT3 receptor antagonists. The combination of a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist with a traditional antiemetic (droperidol, metoclopramide or promethazine) acting at a different emetogenic receptor is more effective in reducing the incidence of PONV than each antiemetic alone acting at one receptor site. The risk of undesirable adverse effects does not increase with the combination of a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist and a traditional antiemetic at the doses commonly used for PONV, because of the absence of drug interactions. The combination of a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist (ondansetron) with other agents (propofol and CP-122721) reduces the incidence of PONV to a greater degree than monotherapy. However, no data are available for the combination of 5-HT3 receptor antagonists and small doses of propofol for the prevention of PONV.Further studies are needed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of combination antiemetic regimens for PONV. Knowledge regarding combinations of these antiemetic drugs may be necessary to completely prevent PONV.
journal_name
Clin Drug Investigjournal_title
Clinical drug investigationauthors
Fujii Ydoi
10.2165/00044011-200222090-00001subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-09-01 00:00:00pages
561-574issue
9eissn
1173-2563issn
1179-1918pii
10.2165/00044011-200222090-00001journal_volume
22pub_type
杂志文章,收录出版,评审abstract::The Editor-in-Chief has retracted this article because two of the three studies [1, 2] included in the meta-analysis (cited as references 11 and 12) have been retracted due to fabrication of the data, which has rendered the results of this meta-analysis invalid. ...
journal_title:Clinical drug investigation
pub_type: 杂志文章,撤回出版物
doi:10.1007/s40261-018-0643-3
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Currently three different inactivated influenza vaccine types are available: whole virus (WV), split (SPL) and subunit (SU) vaccines. Physicians and patients at risk for influenza complications may wonder whether there are important differences between the vaccine types with respect to antibody induction (serology) an...
journal_title:Clinical drug investigation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00044011-199815010-00001
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Psychotropic medications and alcohol are potential risk factors for falls in older adults. However, there has been no appraisal of the literature on whether these medications, both singly and in combination with alcohol, are associated with falls in community dwelling older adults (those aged 60 years and older living...
journal_title:Clinical drug investigation
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s40261-018-0721-6
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:Injectable collagenase Clostridium histolyticum is efficacious in correcting Dupuytren's contracture as assessed by changes in the angle of contracture and range of motion (ROM). However, clinically important changes in ROM have not been evaluated in depth. The objective of this secondary analy...
journal_title:Clinical drug investigation
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/BF03256918
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:First-line treatment of chronic phase (CP) chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is based on the first-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) imatinib or the second-generation TKIs dasatinib or nilotinib. Thanks to the efficacy of TKIs, CML has switched from a fatal to a 'chronic' pathology, and ...
journal_title:Clinical drug investigation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s40261-018-0676-7
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Pegylated interferon (peg-IFN)-α2a and -α2b show different pharmacokinetic properties but are used interchangeably for hepatitis C treatment in traditional dual combinations and with newer agents. We assessed whether peg-IFN antiviral effects vary with peg-IFN subtype, affecting viral response...
journal_title:Clinical drug investigation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s40261-014-0241-y
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Heart rate is an established prognostic marker for longevity and is an important contributor in the pathophysiology of various cardiovascular diseases, including ischemic heart disease and heart failure. Most ischemic episodes are triggered by an increase in heart rate, which causes an imbalance between myocardial oxy...
journal_title:Clinical drug investigation
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s40261-016-0472-1
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate the efficacy and tolerability of high-dose N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in the treatment of patients with exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). DESIGN AND PATIENTS:Randomised, double-blind, double-dummy, placebo-controlled study in 123 patients experiencing an acute exacerba...
journal_title:Clinical drug investigation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00044011-200525060-00005
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:Following oral administration of abiraterone acetate, the parent compound abiraterone acetate is rapidly metabolized to abiraterone. To our knowledge, bioanalytical methods to date have not been able to detect the parent compound in human plasma, and bioassay was only performed on the metabolit...
journal_title:Clinical drug investigation
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s40261-019-00752-1
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Currently evidence about clinical and demographic predictors of response to newer antidepressants such as duloxetine is limited. This study aimed to investigate whether a number of predictors, particularly co-morbid anxiety disorders and anxious depression, are associated with clinical improve...
journal_title:Clinical drug investigation
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.2165/11588800-000000000-00000
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To determine the efficacy of L-carnitine in reducing hyperammonaemia and improving neuropsychological performance in patients with hepatic cirrhosis and subclinical hepatic encephalopathy (SHE). DESIGN:Randomised, parallel group, controlled trial. PATIENTS AND METHODS:The study enrolled 31 patients with he...
journal_title:Clinical drug investigation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00044011-200222001-00002
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::This narrative review summarises the benefits, risks and appropriate use of acid-suppressing drugs (ASDs), proton pump inhibitors and histamine-2 receptor antagonists, advocating a rationale balanced and individualised approach aimed to minimise any serious adverse consequences. It focuses on current controversies on ...
journal_title:Clinical drug investigation
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s40261-017-0519-y
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 has been considered to be the most important enzyme system for metabolism of lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r), a widely used HIV protease inhibitor (PI) recommended during pregnancy. Herein we present a clinical case of a pregnant HIV-infected woman who was taking standard doses of LPV/r, 400/100 ...
journal_title:Clinical drug investigation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s40261-014-0245-7
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Recent clinical studies have documented the analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidative and anxiolytic effects of exogenous melatonin. The pharmacokinetic properties of melatonin have primarily been investigated in experimental studies. OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to estimate the pharmacokinetics of...
journal_title:Clinical drug investigation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s40261-016-0452-5
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:Hypertension remains a major global health problem, and evidence suggests that the majority of patients will require two or more antihypertensive agents in order to reach specified BP targets. Combining two drugs from different classes has the potential to target different aspects of hypertensi...
journal_title:Clinical drug investigation
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.2165/00044011-200929070-00001
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Positron emission tomographic brain imaging and pathological examination have revealed that a chronic, intracerebral neuroinflammatory response lasting for years after a single brain injury may occur in humans. Evidence suggests the immune signaling molecule, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), is centrally involved in this ...
journal_title:Clinical drug investigation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s40261-014-0186-1
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Oral contraceptives (OCs) are one of the most commonly used classes of drugs worldwide. A case of neutropenia and associated infections in a young woman using OCs that settled after discontinuation and reappeared upon re-challenge, has led us to investigate a potential association between oral contraceptives...
journal_title:Clinical drug investigation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s40261-019-00818-0
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:As an increasing number of elderly are undergoing orthopaedic procedures, it is important to understand and evaluate postoperative pain management in this population, especially in regard to opioid use. Data in the literature pertaining to the very elderly remains scarce. OBJECTIVES:This study was conducted...
journal_title:Clinical drug investigation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s40261-018-00744-7
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:α(1)-Antitrypsin deficiency (α-ATD) is a disorder inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, with co-dominant alleles known as the protease inhibitor system (Pi). The main function of α(1)-antitrypsin (α-AT) is to protect the lungs against a powerful elastase released from neutrophil leucocytes. α-ATD typi...
journal_title:Clinical drug investigation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/11631920-000000000-00000
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Dutasteride is currently marketed by GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), either as monotherapy or as a fixed-dose combination with tamsulosin. As part of the project to develop the fixed-dose combination product, alternative formulations of dutasteride were prepared by GSK, and their pharmacokinetic proper...
journal_title:Clinical drug investigation
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s40261-016-0419-6
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:There is a general concern about the use of multisource (generic) antibacterials in the clinical setting with registration based solely on bioequivalence data. In order to address this concern, two modified-release formulations of clarithromycin (i.e. the originator Klacid XL and the generic Kl...
journal_title:Clinical drug investigation
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.2165/00044011-200929040-00005
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:The use of transdermal fentanyl for opioid-naïve patients is restricted, however, transdermal fentanyl is a useful opioid analgesic for patients in whom oral administration is difficult or for those with renal failure. In this study, the efficacy and safety of fentanyl citrate patches was evalu...
journal_title:Clinical drug investigation
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s40261-020-00965-9
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Combining two standard-of-care medications for Alzheimer's disease (AD) into a single once-daily dosage unit may improve treatment adherence, facilitate drug administration, and reduce caregiver burden. A new fixed-dose combination (FDC) capsule containing 28 mg memantine extended release (ER) and 10 mg done...
journal_title:Clinical drug investigation
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s40261-015-0296-4
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To characterise the pharmacokinetics of indinavir during different phases of the menstrual cycle in HIV-infected women. DESIGN:Open-label study. SETTING:The immunodeficiency clinic at Erie County Medical Center, Buffalo, New York. PATIENTS:Ten HIV-infected women were enrolled in the study. Eligibility crit...
journal_title:Clinical drug investigation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00044011-200222020-00007
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of amlodipine in two cohorts of hypertensive patients, one newly diagnosed and the other previously diagnosed but not controlled with drug therapy, and to assess the risk factors for the entire sample at the outset of the study. PATIENTS AND DESIGN:We designed a postm...
journal_title:Clinical drug investigation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00044011-200323120-00001
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:Recurrent aphthous ulceration is the most common oral mucosal disease known. It presents as three types: minor (most prevalent), major and herpetiform. However, there are no well established effective and reliable treatments of this condition. Alchemilla vulgaris (Lady's Mantle) has traditional...
journal_title:Clinical drug investigation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00044011-200626100-00003
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:Polypharmacy, regarded as an indicator of potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs), may lead to a higher risk of serious health consequences in elderly patients with osteoporosis. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the association between polypharmacy and hip fracture in patients with osteop...
journal_title:Clinical drug investigation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s40261-018-0716-3
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To compare the real-life treatment of acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis (AECBs) using moxifloxacin tablets or one of the oral macrolides azithromycin, clarithromycin or roxithromycin in terms of symptom relief, time until improvement and cure, overall efficacy and tolerability. METHODS:This prospecti...
journal_title:Clinical drug investigation
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.2165/00044011-200626120-00007
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The objective of this study was to evaluate the long-term cost effectiveness of exenatide once weekly (ExQW) versus insulin glargine (IG) or liraglutide 1.2 mg (Lira1.2mg) for the treatment of adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) not adequately controlled on oral antidiabetic drug (OAD) therapy...
journal_title:Clinical drug investigation
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s40261-017-0586-0
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:For patients with hypertension, effective 24-hour blood pressure (BP) control is vital to ensure protection against the early morning surge in BP and the associated increased risk of cardiovascular events. The aim of this analysis was to assess the 24-hour antihypertensive efficacy of olmesartan medoxomil (2...
journal_title:Clinical drug investigation
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.2165/00044011-200626040-00002
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00