Abstract:
:Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic and relapsing inflammatory disorder of the gut. Although the precise cause of IBD remains unknown, the most accepted hypothesis of IBD pathogenesis to date is that an aberrant immune response against the gut microbiota is triggered by environmental factors in a genetically susceptible host. The advancement of next-generation sequencing technology has enabled identification of various alterations of the gut microbiota composition in IBD. While some results related to dysbiosis in IBD are different between studies owing to variations of sample type, method of investigation, patient profiles, and medication, the most consistent observation in IBD is reduced bacterial diversity, a decrease of Firmicutes, and an increase of Proteobacteria. It has not yet been established how dysbiosis contributes to intestinal inflammation. Many of the known IBD susceptibility genes are associated with recognition and processing of bacteria, which is consistent with a role of the gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of IBD. A number of trials have shown that therapies correcting dysbiosis, including fecal microbiota transplantation and probiotics, are promising in IBD.
journal_name
Semin Immunopatholjournal_title
Seminars in immunopathologyauthors
Matsuoka K,Kanai Tdoi
10.1007/s00281-014-0454-4subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-01-01 00:00:00pages
47-55issue
1eissn
1863-2297issn
1863-2300journal_volume
37pub_type
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journal_title:Seminars in immunopathology
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journal_title:Seminars in immunopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00