Abstract：
:All patients with leprosy have some degree of nerve involvement. Perineural inflammation is the histopathologic hallmark of leprosy, and this localization may reflect a vascular route of entry of Mycobacterium leprae into nerves. Once inside nerves, M. leprae are ingested by Schwann cells, with a wide array of consequences. Axonal atrophy may occur early in this process; ultimately, affected nerves undergo segmental demyelination. Knowledge of the mechanisms of nerve injury in leprosy has been greatly limited by the minimal opportunities to study affected nerves in man. The nine-banded armadillo provides the only animal model of the pathogenesis of M. leprae infection. New tools available for this model enable the study and correlation of events occurring in epidermal nerve fibers, dermal nerves, and nerve trunks, including neurophysiologic parameters, bacterial load, and changes in gene transcription in both neural and inflammatory cells. The armadillo model is likely to enhance understanding of the mechanisms of nerve injury in leprosy and offers a means of testing proposed interventions.
journal_name
Clin Dermatoljournal_title
Clinics in dermatologyauthors
Scollard DM,Truman RW,Ebenezer GJdoi
10.1016/j.clindermatol.2014.07.008subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-01-01 00:00:00pages
46-54issue
1eissn
0738-081Xissn
1879-1131pii
S0738-081X(14)00150-3journal_volume
33pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Adjuvant immunosuppressive drugs are widely used to minimize corticosteroid-related adverse effects in the short-term and long-term management of cautoimmune bullous diseases. In bullous pemphigoid and pemphigus vulgaris, azathioprine and mycophenolate mofetil seem to be equally effective when used in combination with...
journal_title：Clinics in dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.clindermatol.2011.03.013
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Urticaria is one of the most common diseases seen in everyday dermatologic practice, characterized by the development of wheals, angioedema, or both. While acute urticaria is mostly related to allergic or pseudoallergic reaction to food, drugs, or infections, chronic urticaria is a more complex disease with different ...
journal_title：Clinics in dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.clindermatol.2013.11.009
更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The large majority of cases reported worldwide as zygomycosis are infections caused by fungi belonging to the order Mucorales. These infections are invasive, often lethal, and they primarily affect immunocompromised patients. Cutaneous zygomycosis is the third most common clinical presentation, after sinusitis and pul...
journal_title：Clinics in dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.clindermatol.2012.01.010
更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Evidence-based medicine is a redundant term to the extent that doctors have always claimed they practiced medicine on the basis of evidence. They have, however, disagreed about what exactly constitutes legitimate evidence and how to synthesize the totality of evidence in a way that supports clinical action. Despite cl...
journal_title：Clinics in dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.clindermatol.2013.06.004
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Scleroderma refers to a heterogeneous group of autoimmune fibrosing disorders. The nomenclature of scleroderma has changed dramatically in recent years, with morphea (localized scleroderma), limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis, diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis, and systemic sclerosis sine scleroderma encompassing...
journal_title：Clinics in dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.clindermatol.2013.01.010
更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The metabolic syndrome (MetS) or insulin resistance syndrome is a constellation of obesity-related metabolic derangements predisposing to type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. In 1998, WHO defined the first criteria of MetS. Three years later, the user-friendly National Cholesterol Education Program criteria of ...
journal_title：Clinics in dermatology
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.clindermatol.2017.09.002
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Monitoring patients on therapy consists of 2 parts: evaluation of response and mitigation of risk. Biologics for the treatment of psoriasis are no different. Although laboratory assessments are sometimes necessary, the key elements to appropriate monitoring are clinical assessments and vigilant reinforcement of signs ...
journal_title：Clinics in dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.clindermatol.2007.11.001
更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cutaneous zygomycosis is a fungal infection caused by zygomycetes that affects the skin. It occurs in uncontrolled diabetic patients and immunosuppressed individuals. It has 2 clinical forms: primary cutaneous zygomycosis and secondary cutaneous zygomycosis. The first is characterized by necrotic lesions and the fungu...
journal_title：Clinics in dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.clindermatol.2011.09.013
更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Psychocutaneous morbidity is commonly found in dermatologic practice. Patients generally refuse referral to psychiatry, and dermatologists cannot always provide psychotherapeutic support. By establishing an alliance with these patients and with working knowledge of the common psychotherapeutic agents used in dermatolo...
journal_title：Clinics in dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.clindermatol.2011.11.013
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There is an almost innate urge in human beings to represent reality in a visual form. From rock art in the Paleolithic to images of galaxies, the quotidian and the extraordinary have been visually represented through the ages. Medical and scientific disciplines are no exception. Accurate representation of the human bo...
journal_title：Clinics in dermatology
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.clindermatol.2018.09.008
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Malignancy in patients with sarcoidosis occurs in 3 settings. The first setting relates to patients with hematologic malignancies. It includes the sarcoidosis-lymphoma syndrome, which refers to the development of lymphoma at least 1 to 2 years after the diagnosis of sarcoidosis. It also includes patients with sarcoido...
journal_title：Clinics in dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.clindermatol.2007.03.010
更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The presence of a true melanoma epidemic has been a controversial topic for the past decade. A dramatic increase in the incidence of cutaneous malignant melanoma in developed countries is well documented, but mortality rates have not risen as rapidly. This has generated much discussion about whether there is a true in...
journal_title：Clinics in dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.clindermatol.2009.06.021
更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Many authors recognize the beneficial effects of using protein-rich substances in formulations of various topical applications. Proteins quickly were considered useful ingredients for creating a suitable environment for healthy skin and hair because of their ability to bind water with the horny layer of skin and its a...
journal_title：Clinics in dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.clindermatol.2008.04.004
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There are numerous barriers to conducting clinical research in pregnancy, including ethical considerations, logistical difficulties, and federal regulations. Due to these challenges, there is a paucity of data on the safe and appropriate use of dermatologic therapies in pregnancy, even for easily accessed over-the-cou...
journal_title：Clinics in dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.clindermatol.2016.02.014
更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The introduction of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) has been an important development in the management of malignant melanoma. Lymph nodes have long been known to play a key role in melanoma metastasis. The importance of nodal staging accounted for the previous surgical practice of elective lymph node dissection (EL...
journal_title：Clinics in dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.clindermatol.2003.12.011
更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Atopic dermatitis (AD), the most prevalent inflammatory skin disease, is characterized by robust T-cell activation. The disease has several subtypes, all having a common T helper type 2 (Th2)/Th22 polarization, but it also displays differential immune skewing, such as increased Th17/interleukin 23 skewing in the skin ...
journal_title：Clinics in dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.clindermatol.2017.03.012
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dermatologic manifestations of parathyroid-related disorders, although rare in sporadic cases, are not uncommon in familial syndromes. Patients with familial hyperparathyroidism have several types of skin lesions. In multiple endocrine neoplasia 1, patients commonly have angiofibromas (85%) and collagenomas (70%), les...
journal_title：Clinics in dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.clindermatol.2006.04.003
更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Robert Koch (1843-1910) received the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1905 for his studies of tuberculosis. He contributed significantly to microbiology, isolating also cholera and anthrax pathogens, and introducing several postulates in this field. In addition, he developed staining methods, as well as culturing and micros...
journal_title：Clinics in dermatology
pub_type： 传,历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.clindermatol.2013.10.005
更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The quest for clarifying the pathophysiology of atopic dermatitis (eczema) has lasted for 25 centuries. Yearning to discern the primum movens of atopic dermatitis, physicians aimed to identify the curative therapy. Recent scientific efforts has brought to the light an ever-growing amount of interplaying pathophysiolog...
journal_title：Clinics in dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.clindermatol.2009.03.009
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The deeply rooted fascination with beauty penetrates society worldwide. The indulgence to look and feel beautiful pervades all ages, genders, and nationalities, with research conferring a remarkable tendency to agree on measures of attractiveness among these disparate groups. Research has found that beautiful people d...
journal_title：Clinics in dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.clindermatol.2016.04.006
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The legal landscape in dermatology is constantly evolving. Dermatologists should nurture strong physician-patient relationships with proper informed consent and stay abreast of legal issues as they pertain to today's practice of medicine. Medicolegal issues that have risen to the forefront include wrong-site surgery, ...
journal_title：Clinics in dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.clindermatol.2015.07.001
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cosmeceuticals are used for nourishing and improving the appearance of the skin and are also documented as effective agents for treating various dermatologic conditions. Cosmeceutical preparations from herbal origin are most popular among consumers because these agents are mostly nontoxic and possess strong antioxidan...
journal_title：Clinics in dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.clindermatol.2009.05.012
更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Systemic sclerosis is an uncommon autoimmune connective tissue disease with multiorgan system involvement and significant associated morbidity and mortality. Cutaneous signs and clinical manifestations are of particular importance, as they may be recognized before systemic manifestations, allowing earlier risk stratif...
journal_title：Clinics in dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.clindermatol.2018.04.004
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Heinrich Koebner (1838-1904) presented in a meeting in 1872 and reported in 1877 the emergence of psoriatic lesions following trauma to healthy skin areas of patients with psoriasis. Since then, the Koebner phenomenon has been the subject of research, as it offers a unique opportunity in the investigation of the disea...
journal_title：Clinics in dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.clindermatol.2013.05.012
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bites, stings and infestations can be fatal. Anaphylaxis to vespids and bees can be prevented with immunotherapy. Patients should be referred to an allergist. The acute care and prevention of arthropod injury is discussed below. ...
journal_title：Clinics in dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.clindermatol.2004.06.010
更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Many physicians tend to regard their upcoming retirement with great trepidation. They are worried that after years of productive activity they will become useless and lose all their connections with medicine. This essay will try to impress on readers that this way of thinking is absolutely incorrect, and it will provi...
journal_title：Clinics in dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.clindermatol.2020.05.010
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:While autoimmunity as cause of disease is well-established, other categories of immune-mediated diseases that are not produced by targeting of self-antigens by antibodies is in the process of being described. These so-called autoinflammatory diseases arise when an inappropriate activation of antigen-independent mechan...
journal_title：Clinics in dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.clindermatol.2014.02.004
更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by elevated fasting and postprandial blood glucose levels. It is also accompanied with a variety of multisystem complications that include the blood vessels, nervous system, eyes, kidneys, and skin. The main cutaneous complications are discussed. ...
journal_title：Clinics in dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.clindermatol.2007.10.015
更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Thermage is a noninvasive nonablative device that uses monopolar radiofrequency energy to bulk heat underlying skin while protecting the epidermis to produce skin tightening. It is used for the treatment of rhytids on the face including the periorbital region and lower face, and more recently, for off-face application...
journal_title：Clinics in dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.clindermatol.2007.09.007
更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cancer is a disease of older age where genomic instability, impaired DNA repair, and weakened immune surveillance against cancer are recognized to play a causative role. Because the incidence of melanoma is increasing at a very fast pace in the elderly and there is a rapid expansion of the aging population, a large nu...
journal_title：Clinics in dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.clindermatol.2012.08.011
更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00
