Abstract：
:Neuroimaging studies have shown that the visual cortex of visually impaired humans is active during tactile tasks. We sought to determine if this cross-modal activation in the primary visual cortex is correlated with vision loss in individuals with retinitis pigmentosa (RP), an inherited degenerative photoreceptor disease that progressively diminishes vision later in life. RP and sighted subjects completed three tactile tasks: a symmetry discrimination task, a Braille-dot counting task, and a sandpaper roughness discrimination task. We measured tactile-evoked blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) responses using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). For each subject, we quantified the cortical extent of the tactile-evoked response by the proportion of modulated voxels within the primary visual cortex (V1) and its strength by the mean absolute modulation amplitude of the modulated voxels. We characterized vision loss in terms of visual acuity and the areal proportion of V1 that corresponds to the preserved visual field. Visual acuity and proportion of the preserved visual field both had a highly significant effect on the cortical extent of the V1 BOLD response to tactile stimulation, while visual acuity also had a significant effect on the strength of the V1 response. These effects of vision loss on cross-modal responses were reliable despite high inter-subject variability. Controlling for task-evoked responses in the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) across subjects further strengthened the effects of vision loss on cross-model responses in V1. We propose that such cross-modal responses in V1 and other visual areas may be used as a cortically localized biomarker to account for individual differences in visual performance following sight recovery treatments.
journal_name
Vision Resjournal_title
Vision researchauthors
Cunningham SI,Weiland JD,Bao P,Lopez-Jaime GR,Tjan BSdoi
10.1016/j.visres.2014.10.015subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-06-01 00:00:00pages
197-207issue
Pt Beissn
0042-6989issn
1878-5646pii
S0042-6989(14)00248-Xjournal_volume
111pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
VISION RESEARCH文献大全abstract：:We consider how local motion signals are combined to represent the movements of spatially extensive objects. A series of band-pass target dots, whose collective motion defined a moving contour, was positioned within a field of randomly moving noise dots. The visibility of the contours did not depend on the direction o...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0042-6989(03)00329-8
更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The eyespots in cells of streptomycin-bleached strains and of dark-grown cultures of Euglena gracilis, were examined by means of fluorescence microscopy and microspectrophotometry. When viewed with light in the region of 380-500 nm, the stigma appeared as a dark spot. Adjacent to this was a second spot, not seen with ...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0042-6989(92)90151-8
更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An individual line or a combination of lines viewed in darkness has a large influence on the elevation to which an observer sets a target so that it is perceived to lie at eye level (VPEL). These influences are systematically related to the orientation of pitched-from-vertical lines on pitched plane(s) and to the leng...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0042-6989(01)00150-x
更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We present a model for recovering the direction of heading of an observer who is moving relative to a scene that may contain self-moving objects. The model builds upon an algorithm proposed by Rieger and Lawton, based on earlier work by Longuet-Higgins and Prazdny. The algorithm uses velocity differences computed in r...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0042-6989(92)90020-j
更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Perceptual learning is often interpreted as learning of fine stimulus templates. However, we have proposed that perceptual learning is more than template learning, in that more abstract statistical rules may have been learned, so that learning can transfer to stimuli at different precisions. Here we provide new eviden...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2019.01.007
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fixation disparity or vergence noise produce instantaneous vergence errors. These errors are analogous to the imposition of a pedestal disparity, which is known to elevate stereothresholds. In this study, stereothresholds were measured as a function of induced vergence errors in subjects with normal binocular vision. ...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0042-6989(02)00408-x
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous studies [e.g. Vision Research 40 (2000) 173] have shown that when observers are required to selectively attend to one of two, spatially-adjacent patches containing either first-order (luminance-defined) or second-order (contrast-defined) motion, threshold sensitivity for identifying the direction of second-or...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2003.07.005
更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study investigated the influence of five days of moderate intensity aerobic exercise on the acquisition and consolidation of visual perceptual learning using a motion direction discrimination (MDD) task. The timing of exercise relative to learning was manipulated by administering exercise either before or after p...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2017.08.007
更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper discusses a number of points that arise in the visual interpretation of optic flow fields. Particular attention is given to the case in which a flow field is visually ambiguous, and the paper concludes with a detailed description of the case of the moving plane. ...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0042-6989(86)90079-9
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The number of axons in the optic nerve have been examined in rat pups raised by control or taurine-depleted mothers, at 21, 28 and 40 days after birth. Optic nerves from the mother rats were also studied. Taurine depletion of dams and some litters after weaning was achieved by in vivo treatment with guanidinoethyl sul...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0042-6989(88)90133-2
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study measured the time course of psychophysical end-stopping and compared it with the time course of masking. For a 10' D6 target on an 18' D6 pedestal, two abutting end-zone masks (each 13.5' long) covering the filter end-zones reduce masking. This facilitatory 'end-stopping' effect was measured over a range of...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0042-6989(98)00263-6
更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Characterization of the visual system as a linear system has many consequences. One property implied by such a characterization is that signal-to-noise ratio at threshold is constant, so that the contrast energy of a sinusoidal grating at threshold depends on the effective noise passed by the filter used to detect the...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0042-6989(91)90209-n
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Extensive research on local color aftereffects has revealed perceptual consequences of opponent color coding in the retina and the LGN, and of orientation-and/or spatial-frequency-contingent color coding in early cortical visual areas (e.g., V1 and V2). Here, we report a color aftereffect that depends crucially on glo...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2004.10.003
更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the progressive degeneration of retinal blood vessels and neurons. Inflammation is known to play an important role in the pathogenesis of DR. During diabetes, metabolic disorder leads to the release of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) both in the retina and elsewhere in the bod...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2017.04.013
更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the present study, discrete trial familiarization/novelty techniques were used to study lightness constancy in 4-month-old infants. The test stimuli were real objects (paper smiley faces) of two different reflectances, dark gray (17% reflectance) and light gray (54% reflectance). In Experiment 1, the test stimuli w...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2005.11.027
更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fifty-three different 3D shapes were defined by sequences of 2D views (frames) of dots on a rotating 3D surface. (1) Subjects' accuracy of shape identifications dropped from over 90% to less than 10% when either the polarity of the stimulus dots was alternated from light-on-gray to dark-on-gray on successive frames or...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0042-6989(89)90161-2
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We recently reported that different purification methods of recombinant adeno-associated virus type 2 (rAAV2) affect the transduction characteristics following subretinal injection. In this study, we examined the roles of contaminant proteins from the HEK-293 cells and helper adenovirus, inactivation of helper adenovi...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2003.09.032
更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A 3-D curvature contrast effect has been reported in shading-and-texture-defined (Curran & Johnson (1996). Vision Research 36, 3641-3653) and in stereoscopically defined (te Pas, Rogers, & Ledgeway (2000). Current Psychology Letters: Brain, Behaviour and Cognition 1, 117-126) stimuli. Our experiments show that a clear...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0042-6989(01)00208-5
更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Color appearance can be studied using either Maxwellian-view optical systems or natural viewing (Newtonian-view). We show that the results are not precisely comparable when the natural pupil is appreciably larger than the entrance pupil of the Maxwellian beam. The wavelength for any given hue that is obtained from one...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2008.06.004
更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Existing models for the generation of saccades predict fixed trajectories between start and landing positions of saccades. Experimental data show that saccades have rather variable trajectories. The objective of the present research is to quantify the variability in trajectories of binocular saccades and to test in ho...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0042-6989(95)00077-r
更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The blowfly visual system is a well-suited model to investigate the functional consequences of adaptation. Similar to cortical motion-sensitive neurons, fly tangential cells are directional selective and adapt during prolonged stimulation. Here we demonstrate in a tangential cell large changes in directionality after ...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2008.05.004
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Static firing frequencies have been determined in extraocular motoneuronal discharge patterns for different eye positions within +/- 30 deg around the primary position. From these data iso-frequency curves were plotted stating all possible eye positions for a given firing rate. Such curves have been constructed for th...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0042-6989(85)90151-8
更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Visual search for a colour target in distractors of two other colours is dramatically affected by the configuration of the colours in CIE (x, y) space. To a first approximation, search is difficult when a target's chromaticity falls directly between (i.e. is not linearly separable from) two distractor chromaticities, ...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0042-6989(98)00302-2
更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Phosphatase enzymes cleave an inorganic phosphate from a substrate. Phosphatase enzyme histochemistry followed by flat-embedding in glycol methacrylate is extremely useful in studying retinal and choroidal vascular development and loss, since only viable blood vessels have these enzyme activities. Sites of occlusion a...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2005.08.022
更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Finger pointing is a natural human behavior frequently used to draw attention to specific parts of sensory input. Since this pointing behavior is likely preceded and/or accompanied by the deployment of attention by the pointing person, we hypothesize that pointing can be used as a natural means of providing self-repor...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2017.04.001
更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Most laboratory visual search tasks involve many searches for the same target, while in the real world we typically change our target with each search (e.g. find the coffee cup, then the sugar). How quickly can the visual system be reconfigured to search for a new target? Here observers searched for targets specified ...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2003.11.024
更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:After viewing directional motion, one is likely to perceive a subsequently presented directionally ambiguous motion as being in the same direction as the prior motion. The perceptual bias towards the most recent percept gradually develops as the interval between the prior stimulus and a subsequent test becomes longer....
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2007.06.016
更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We determined normative values for the visual sensitivity threshold in 118 children aged 5-8 years, using automated static perimetry (Octopus 2000R, program 32). In addition, 17 normal adults were tested. The children first underwent a familiarization procedure. One week later, quantitative examination was performed a...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0042-6989(97)00369-6
更新日期：1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper describes evidence for spatial aliasing in human motion perception. For a certain range of spatial frequencies, interference fringes drifting across the extrafoveal retina resemble two-dimensional spatial noise drifting in the opposite direction. For retinal locations within 10 deg of the fovea, the perceiv...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0042-6989(90)90149-f
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:If we look out of the window of a travelling train our eyes move rapidly back and forth (saccadic movement). With no attention to individual objects, gaze velocity is low but nystagmic frequency is high (stare nystagmus). If we are interested in individual objects, the angular velocity of gaze is high and the nystagmi...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0042-6989(98)00212-0
更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00
