Abstract:
:Influenza virus contains two highly variable envelope glycoproteins, hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA). Here we show that, while HA evolution is much more complex than NA evolution, it still shows abrupt punctuation changes linked to punctuation changes of NA. HA exhibits proteinquakes, which resemble earthquakes and are related to hydropathic shifting of sialic acid binding regions. HA proteinquakes based on shifting sialic acid interactions are required for optimal balance between the receptor-binding and receptor-destroying activities of HA and NA for efficient virus replication. Our comprehensive results present a historical (1945-2011) panorama of HA evolution over thousands of strains and are consistent with many studies of HA and NA interactions based on a few mutations of a few strains.
journal_name
Biomed Res Intjournal_title
BioMed research internationalauthors
Phillips JCdoi
10.1155/2015/243162subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-01-01 00:00:00pages
243162eissn
2314-6133issn
2314-6141journal_volume
2015pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Unipotent spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) can be transformed into ESC-like cells that exhibit pluripotency in vitro. However, except for mouse models, their characterization and their origins have remained controversies in other models including humans. This controversy has arisen primarily from the lack of the direc...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2013/143028
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Determination of the volumes of acute cerebral infarct in the magnetic resonance imaging harbors prognostic values. However, semiautomatic method of segmentation is time-consuming and with high interrater variability. Using diffusion weighted imaging and apparent diffusion coefficient map from patients with acute infa...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2014/963032
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A novel approach for selecting a rectangular template around periocular region optimally potential for human recognition is proposed. A comparatively larger template of periocular image than the optimal one can be slightly more potent for recognition, but the larger template heavily slows down the biometric system by ...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2013/481431
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:The 7th (2009) edition of the AJCC melanoma staging system incorporates tumor (Breslow) thickness, MR, and ulceration in stratifying T1 primary melanomas. Compared to the prior 6th (2001) edition, MR has replaced CL for thin melanomas. OBJECTIVE:We sought to identify and report differences of the classificatio...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2013/898719
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::ELABELA (ELA) is considered to be implicated in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia (PE), since ELA-deficient mice exhibited PE-like symptoms and infusion of exogenous ELA normalized the gestational hypertension (GH) and proteinuria. However, no evidence show that circulating ELA is deficient in early placental develo...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2020/2051701
更新日期:2020-09-28 00:00:00
abstract::Maintenance of proper oral hygiene by dental plaque elimination is one of the most important factors affecting the healing process in postoperative oral wounds. Propolis is a substance produced by bees. Ethanolic extract of propolis has bactericidal, fungicidal, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidative properties. Moreove...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1155/2016/9190814
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Novel prognostic markers are needed so newly diagnosed breast cancer patients do not undergo any unnecessary therapy. Various microarray gene expression datasets based studies have generated gene signatures to predict the prognosis outcomes, while ignoring the large amount of information contained in establi...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2014/459203
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The use of in vitro metabolism data to predict human clearance has become more significant in the current prediction of large scale drug clearance for all the drugs. The relevant information (in vitro metabolism data and in vivo human clearance values) of thirty-five drugs that satisfied the entry criteria of probe dr...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2015/857327
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eccentric exercise is characterized by initial unfavorable effects such as subcellular muscle damage, pain, reduced fiber excitability, and initial muscle weakness. However, stretch combined with overload, as in eccentric contractions, is an effective stimulus for inducing physiological and neural adaptations to train...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1155/2015/193741
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nickel-titanium (NiTi) rotary files have enabled efficient root canal preparations that maintain the canal center with fewer aberrations compared to hand files. However, NiTi rotary files are susceptible to fracture, which can thereby compromise root canal treatment. Therefore, NiTi files have been developed to enhanc...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2019/6368958
更新日期:2019-11-07 00:00:00
abstract::Coronary heart disease (CHD) has become one of the leading causes of death and functional impairment in the world. Hyperglycemia is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. It was speculated that miRNAs in peripheral blood were a primary parameter in discriminating CHD. The biological characteristi...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2017/9192575
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM) is a malignant lymphoplasma-proliferative disorder with IgM monoclonal gammopathy. A recent whole-genome study identified MYD88 L265P as the key mutation in WM. We investigated MYD88 mutations in conjunction with cytogenetic study in 22 consecutive Korean WM patients. Conventional G-...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2014/363540
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Health workers are one of the most important building blocks of the health system. High turnover rate contribute to the shortfalls and unbalanced distribution of health personnel in the health workforce. Turnover intention is the strongest predictor of actual turnover. Objective:To assess the magnitude of t...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2018/3165379
更新日期:2018-12-23 00:00:00
abstract::Combination antiemetic regimens targeting multiple molecular pathways associated with emesis have become the standard of care for prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) related to highly and moderately emetogenic chemotherapies. Antiemetic consensus guidelines from several professional societies...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1155/2015/651879
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:A delayed time to pregnancy was recently reported for women who had a loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) to remove cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade 2 or 3. The objective of the current study was to determine if treatment of CIN with LEEP is associated with decreased levels of anti-M...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2014/875438
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:Purpose:To evaluate the influence of systemic and ocular factors on the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area in young Chinese subjects' healthy eyes. Methods:The current observational, cross-sectional study included 344 eyes from 172 healthy individuals (103 women, 69 men). Optical coherence tomography angiography realize...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2020/7361492
更新日期:2020-03-24 00:00:00
abstract::Platelets are anuclear cells and are devoid of genomic DNA, but they are capable of de novo protein synthesis from mRNA derived from their progenitor cells, megakaryocytes. There is mounting evidence that microRNA (miRNA) plays an important role in regulating gene expression in platelets. miR-223 is the most abundant ...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1155/2015/981841
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We use hydrophobic poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) to encapsulate hydrophilic ofloxacin to form drug loading microspheres. Hyaluronic acid (HA) and polylysine (Pls) were used as internal phase additives to see their influences on the drug loading and releasing. Double emulsion (water-in-oil-in-water) solvent extr...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2014/297808
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to evaluate whether blood transfusions affect overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM) patients without hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. A total of 181 patients were enrolled and divided into two groups: 68 patients in the tran...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2017/5462087
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Apolipoprotein E4 (Apo E4) is the major genetic risk factor in the causation of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this study we utilize virtual screening of the world's largest traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) database and investigate potential compounds for the inhibition of ApoE4. We present the top three TCM candidate...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2014/452625
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:Objective:The aim of this study is to explore the potential pathogenesis of juvenile dermatomyositis by bioinformatics analysis of gene chips, which would screen the hub genes, identify potential biomarkers, and reveal the development mechanism of juvenile dermatomyositis. Material and Methods:We retrieved juvenile de...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2019/7814287
更新日期:2019-12-07 00:00:00
abstract::Bacterial biofilms are communities of microorganisms attached to a surface. Biofilm formation is critical not only for environmental survival but also for successful infection. Helicobacter pylori is one of the most common causes of bacterial infection in humans. Some studies demonstrated that this microorganism has b...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1155/2015/914791
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cells of the immune system are highly sensitive to altered gravity, and the monocyte as well as the macrophage function is proven to be impaired under microgravity conditions. In our study, we investigated the surface expression of ICAM-1 protein and expression of ICAM-1 mRNA in cells of the monocyte/macrophage system...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2015/538786
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:Design:From July 2016 to June 2018, 36 women with symptomatic early pregnancy around 4-8 weeks of gestation were recruited into the study. Among them, there were 16 women with viable intrauterine pregnancy (VIP), 9 women with spontaneous abortion (SA), and 11 women of EP. Serum exosomal miRNAs were extracted and measur...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2020/3521859
更新日期:2020-06-11 00:00:00
abstract::To provide an overview of the currently available literature regarding local control of primary tumor and oligometastases in metastatic prostate cancer and salvage lymph node dissection of clinical lymph node relapse after curative treatment of prostate cancer. Evidence Acquisition. A systematic literature search was ...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1155/2014/501213
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Application of enzymes in biotechnological process has expanded considerably in recent years. In food and related industry, major importance was being attached to the use of enzymes in upgrading quality, increasing yields of extractive processes, product stabilization, and improvement of flavor and byproduct utilizati...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2018/2961767
更新日期:2018-04-03 00:00:00
abstract::[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2020/4671349.]. ...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章,已发布勘误
doi:10.1155/2020/7638969
更新日期:2020-06-30 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Given its propensity to metastasize, and lack of effective therapies for most patients with advanced disease, early detection of melanoma is a clinical imperative. Different computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems have been proposed to increase the specificity and sensitivity of melanoma detection. Although s...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2016/8934242
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Introduction. The lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF) surgical approach has potential advantages over other approaches but is associated with some unique neurologic risks due to the proximity of the lumbosacral plexus. The present study analyzed complications following LLIF surgical approach using a novel single fl...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1155/2016/8450712
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The relationship between socioeconomic position (SEP) and population health is contextual. This study identifies the determinants of SEP producing health inequalities in the Latvian population. We also estimate the proportional contribution of different socioeconomic strata- (SES-) related determinants in Latvian heal...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2017/7541416
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00