[Cholelithiasis as a possible manifestation of systemic digestive diseases].

Abstract:

AIM:To comprehensively study of the function of digestive organs in cholelithiasis (CL). SUBJECTS AND METHODS:Three hundred and seventeen patients with the early (prestone) stage of CL were examined. The latter was verified by ultrasonography (USG) and biochemical bile tests. The patients underwent pH metry and esophagogastroduodenoscopy, followed by histological examination of gastroduodenal mucosa (GDM) biopsy specimens. Manometry was used to evaluate duodenal function. The serum levels of pepsinogen-1 (PG-1), pepsinogen-2 (PG-2), cholecystokinin (CCK), gastrin, cyclic nucleotides (cAMP and cGMP), α1-antitrypsin, insulin, and C-peptide were analyzed by an enzyme immunoassay. Small intestinal function was examined using a set of diagnostic tests. RESULTS:Gallbladder USG revealed biliary sludge in 273 (86.1%) patients. Biochemical examination of bile established a lower cholatocholesterol coefficient in its cystic as well as hepatic portions, suggesting enhanced bile lithogenicity. Manometry of the duodenum showed its hypertension, hypotension, and normotension in 57.6, 24.8, and 17.6% of the CL patients, respectively. There were significant increases in basal gastric body pH and PG-1 and PG-2 levels as compared to the control group. Morphological examination of GDM biopsy specimens revealed chronic superficial gastritis in 61.8% of the patients, chronic atrophic gastritis in 17.4%, and moderate diffuse duodenitis in 18.3%. In 148 (46.7%) patients with CL, the latter was burdened by pancreatic comorbidity. Stress tests using water-soluble starch, sucrose, and glucose demonstrated impairments in various stages of digestion; substantially decreased levels of CCK, gastrin and cyclic nucleotides were observed in the patients with CL compared to the controls. CONCLUSION:Most patients with CL were detected to have digestive organ structural and functional disorders. Moreover, CL may be regarded as a possible manifestation of systemic digestive diseases. :Цель исследования. Комплексное изучение функционального состояния органов пищеварения при желчнокаменной болезни (ЖКБ). Материалы и методы. Обследовали 317 пациентов с ранней (предкаменной) стадией ЖКБ. В верификации ЖКБ использованы данные ультразвукового исследования (УЗИ) и результаты биохимического исследования желчи. Пациентам проводили рН-метрию и эзофагогастродуоденоскопию с последующим гистологическим изучением биоптатов слизистой оболочки желудка (СОЖ) и двенадцатиперстной кишки (ДПК). В оценке функционального состояния ДПК использована дуоденоманометрия. Методом иммуноферментного анализа в сыворотке крови изучали уровень пепсиногена-1 (ПГ-1) и пепсиногена-2 (ПГ-2), холецистокинина (ХЦК), гастрина, циклических нуклеотидов (цАМФ и цГМФ), α1-антитрипсина, инсулина и С-пептида. Функциональное состояние тонкой кишки у больных изучали с помощью тестов комплексной диагностики. Результаты. При УЗИ желчного пузыря у 273 (86,1%) больных выявлялся билиарный 'сладж'. При биохимическом исследовании желчи установлено снижение холатохолестеринового коэффициента как в пузырной, так и в печеночной ее порциях, свидетельствующее о повышенной литогенности желчи. По данным дуоденоманометрии, у 57,6% больных ЖКБ наблюдалась дуоденальная гипертензия, у 24,8% - дуоденальная гипотензия, у 17,6% - нормотензия. Установлено достоверное увеличение базального рН тела желудка и уровня ПГ-1 и ПГ-2 по сравнению с таковыми в контрольной группе. По данным морфологического исследования биоптатов СОЖ и ДПК у 61,8% больных выявлялся хронический поверхностный гастрит, у 17,4% - хронический атрофический гастрит, у 18,3% - умеренный диффузный дуоденит. У 148 (46,7%) больных течение ЖКБ отягощено сопутствующей патологией поджелудочной железы. По результатам нагрузочных проб, проведенных с водорастворимым крахмалом, сахарозой и глюкозой, у больных выявлено нарушение различных этапов пищеварения; по сравнению с контрольной группой наблюдается существенное снижение уровня ХЦК, гастрина и циклических нуклеотидов. Заключение. У большинства больных ЖКБ выявляется нарушение структурно-функционального состояния органов пищеварения. При этом ЖКБ может рассматриваться как возможное проявление системной патологии органов пищеварения.

journal_name

Ter Arkh

journal_title

Terapevticheskii arkhiv

authors

Vakhrushev YM,Gorbunov AY,Tronina DV,Suchkova EV,Lyapina MV,Khokhlacheva NA

doi

10.17116/terarkh201587254-58

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2015-01-01 00:00:00

pages

54-58

issue

2

eissn

0040-3660

issn

2309-5342

journal_volume

87

pub_type

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