Abstract:
:Sex chromosomes differentiated from different ancestral autosomes in various vertebrate lineages. Here, we trace the functional evolution of the XY Chromosomes of the green anole lizard (Anolis carolinensis), on the basis of extensive high-throughput genome, transcriptome and histone modification sequencing data and revisit dosage compensation evolution in representative mammals and birds with substantial new expression data. Our analyses show that Anolis sex chromosomes represent an ancient XY system that originated at least ≈160 million years ago in the ancestor of Iguania lizards, shortly after the separation from the snake lineage. The age of this system approximately coincides with the ages of the avian and two mammalian sex chromosomes systems. To compensate for the almost complete Y Chromosome degeneration, X-linked genes have become twofold up-regulated, restoring ancestral expression levels. The highly efficient dosage compensation mechanism of Anolis represents the only vertebrate case identified so far to fully support Ohno's original dosage compensation hypothesis. Further analyses reveal that X up-regulation occurs only in males and is mediated by a male-specific chromatin machinery that leads to global hyperacetylation of histone H4 at lysine 16 specifically on the X Chromosome. The green anole dosage compensation mechanism is highly reminiscent of that of the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster Altogether, our work unveils the convergent emergence of a Drosophila-like dosage compensation mechanism in an ancient reptilian sex chromosome system and highlights that the evolutionary pressures imposed by sex chromosome dosage reductions in different amniotes were resolved in fundamentally different ways.
journal_name
Genome Resjournal_title
Genome researchauthors
Marin R,Cortez D,Lamanna F,Pradeepa MM,Leushkin E,Julien P,Liechti A,Halbert J,Brüning T,Mössinger K,Trefzer T,Conrad C,Kerver HN,Wade J,Tschopp P,Kaessmann Hdoi
10.1101/gr.223727.117subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-12-01 00:00:00pages
1974-1987issue
12eissn
1088-9051issn
1549-5469pii
gr.223727.117journal_volume
27pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
GENOME RESEARCH文献大全abstract::In mammals, genome-wide chromatin maps and immunofluorescence studies show that broad domains of repressive histone modifications are present on pericentromeric and telomeric repeats and on the inactive X chromosome. However, only a few autosomal loci such as silent Hox gene clusters have been shown to lie in broad do...
journal_title:Genome research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gr.080861.108
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A genome-wide search for multiple loci influencing salt-loaded systolic blood pressure (NaSBP) variation among 188 F2 progeny from a cross between the Brown-Norway and spontaneously hypertensive rat strains was pursued in an effort to gain insight into the polygenic basis of blood pressure regulation. The results sugg...
journal_title:Genome research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gr.5.2.164
更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::LSH, a member of the SNF2 family of chromatin remodeling ATPases encoded by the Hells gene, is essential for normal levels of DNA methylation in the mammalian genome. While the role of LSH in the methylation of repetitive DNA sequences is well characterized, its contribution to the regulation of DNA methylation and th...
journal_title:Genome research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gr.108498.110
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epigenetic modifications on chromatin play important roles in regulating gene expression. Although chromatin states are often governed by multilayered structure, how individual pathways contribute to gene expression remains poorly understood. For example, DNA methylation is known to regulate transcription factor bindi...
journal_title:Genome research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gr.257576.119
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gene amplification occurs in most solid tumors and is associated with poor prognosis. Amplification of 20q13.2 is common to several tumor types including breast cancer. The 1 Mb of sequence spanning the 20q13.2 breast cancer amplicon is one of the most exhaustively studied segments of the human genome. These studies h...
journal_title:Genome research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gr.gr1743r
更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::By analyzing 1,780,295 5'-end sequences of human full-length cDNAs derived from 164 kinds of oligo-cap cDNA libraries, we identified 269,774 independent positions of transcriptional start sites (TSSs) for 14,628 human RefSeq genes. These TSSs were clustered into 30,964 clusters that were separated from each other by m...
journal_title:Genome research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gr.4039406
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pollen, the male gametophyte of flowering plants, represents an ideal biological system to study developmental processes, such as cell polarity, tip growth, and morphogenesis. Upon hydration, the metabolically quiescent pollen rapidly switches to an active state, exhibiting extremely fast growth. This rapid switch req...
journal_title:Genome research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gr.089060.108
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Memory is a hallmark of adaptive immunity, wherein lymphocytes mount a superior response to a previously encountered antigen. It has been speculated that epigenetic alterations in memory lymphocytes contribute to their functional distinction from their naive counterparts. However, the nature and extent of epigenetic a...
journal_title:Genome research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gr.155473.113
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::With the genomic sequencing of Arabidopsis nearing completion and rice sequencing very much in its infancy, a key question is whether we can exploit the Arabidopsis sequence to identify candidate genes for traits in cereal crops using a map-based approach. This requires the existence of colinearity between the Arabido...
journal_title:Genome research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gr.9.9.825
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In comparison to genotypes, knowledge about haplotypes (the combination of alleles present on a single chromosome) is much more useful for whole-genome association studies and for making inferences about human evolutionary history. Haplotypes are typically inferred from population genotype data using computational met...
journal_title:Genome research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gr.077065.108
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We present GERMLINE, a robust algorithm for identifying segmental sharing indicative of recent common ancestry between pairs of individuals. Unlike methods with comparable objectives, GERMLINE scales linearly with the number of samples, enabling analysis of whole-genome data in large cohorts. Our approach is based on ...
journal_title:Genome research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gr.081398.108
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Development of composite inflorescences in the plant family Asteraceae has features that cannot be studied in the traditional model plants for flower development. In Gerbera hybrida, inflorescences are composed of morphologically different types of flowers tightly packed into a flower head (capitulum). Individual flor...
journal_title:Genome research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gr.3043705
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Changes in gene order between the genomes of two related yeast species, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Saccharomyces bayanus var. uvarum were studied. From the dataset of a previous low coverage sequencing of the S. bayanus var. uvarum genome, 35 different synteny breakpoints between neighboring genes and two cases of l...
journal_title:Genome research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gr.212701
更新日期:2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::It appears that, for many genes, the two alleles possessed by an individual may produce different amounts of transcript. When such allelic differences in transcription are observed for some individuals but not others, a plausible explanation is genetic variation in the cis-acting elements that regulate the gene in que...
journal_title:Genome research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gr.5663007
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Most new genes arise by duplication of existing gene structures, after which relaxed selection on the new copy frequently leads to mutational inactivation of the duplicate; only rarely will a new gene with modified function emerge. Here we describe a unique mechanism of gene creation, whereby new combinations of funct...
journal_title:Genome research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gr.6252107
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::When transcription is to the right of the promoter, the "top," mRNA-synonymous strand of DNA tends to be purine-rich. When transcription is to the left of the promoter, the top, mRNA-template strand tends to be pyrimidine-rich. This transcription-direction rule suggests that there has been an evolutionary selection pr...
journal_title:Genome research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gr.10.2.228
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The expression of most genes is regulated by multiple transcription factors. The interactions between transcription factors produce complex patterns of gene expression that are not always obvious from the arrangement of cis-regulatory elements in a promoter. One critical element of promoters is the TATA box, the docki...
journal_title:Genome research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gr.106732.110
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::To effectively analyze the increasing amounts of available genomic data, improved comparative analytical tools that are accessible to and applicable by a broad scientific community are essential. We built the "2-n-way" software suite to provide a fundamental and innovative processing framework for revealing and compar...
journal_title:Genome research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gr.262261.120
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The development of high-throughput sequencing (HTS) technologies has opened the door to novel methods for detecting copy number variants (CNVs) in the human genome. While in the past CNVs have been detected based on array CGH data, recent studies have shown that depth-of-coverage information from HTS technologies can ...
journal_title:Genome research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gr.106344.110
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gene expression can be regulated at multiple levels, but it is not known if and how there is broad coordination between regulation at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. Transcription factors and chromatin regulate gene expression transcriptionally, whereas microRNAs (miRNAs) are small regulatory RNAs...
journal_title:Genome research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gr.238311.118
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mammalian cell nucleus contains numerous discrete suborganelles named nuclear bodies. While recruitment of specific genomic regions into these large ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complexes critically contributes to higher-order functional chromatin organization, such regions remain ill-defined. We have developed the hig...
journal_title:Genome research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gr.237073.118
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The allele fraction (AF) distribution, occurrence rate, and evolutionary contribution of postzygotic single-nucleotide mosaicisms (pSNMs) remain largely unknown. In this study, we developed a mathematical model to describe the accumulation and AF drift of pSNMs during the development of multicellular organisms. By app...
journal_title:Genome research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gr.230003.117
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The common genetic variants associated with complex traits typically lie in noncoding DNA and may alter gene regulation in a cell type-specific manner. Consequently, the choice of tissue or cell model in the dissection of disease associations is important. We carried out an expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) st...
journal_title:Genome research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gr.095224.109
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The rate of transcription elongation plays an important role in the timing of expression of full-length transcripts as well as in the regulation of alternative splicing. In this study, we coupled Bru-seq technology with 5,6-dichlorobenzimidazole 1-β-D-ribofuranoside (DRB) to estimate the elongation rates of over 2000 ...
journal_title:Genome research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gr.171405.113
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Levels of diversity vary across the human genome. This variation is caused by two forces: differences in mutation rates and the differential impact of natural selection. Pertinent to the question of the relative importance of these two forces is the observation that both diversity within species and interspecies diver...
journal_title:Genome research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gr.3461105
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The acquisition of new genes, via horizontal transfer or gene duplication/diversification, has been the dominant mechanism thus far implicated in the evolution of microbial pathogenicity. In contrast, the role of many other modes of evolution--such as changes in gene expression regulation-remains unknown. A transition...
journal_title:Genome research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gr.134080.111
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We compare several commonly used expression-based gene clustering algorithms using a figure of merit based on the mutual information between cluster membership and known gene attributes. By studying various publicly available expression data sets we conclude that enrichment of clusters for biological function is, in g...
journal_title:Genome research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gr.397002
更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Translocations are known to affect the expression of genes at the breakpoints and, in the case of unbalanced translocations, alter the gene copy number. However, a comprehensive understanding of the functional impact of this class of variation is lacking. Here, we have studied the effect of balanced chromosomal rearra...
journal_title:Genome research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gr.103622.109
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Regulatory sequences in higher genomes can map large distances from gene coding regions, and cannot yet be identified by simple inspection of primary DNA sequence information. Here we describe an efficient method of surveying large genomic regions for gene regulatory information, and subdividing complex sets of distan...
journal_title:Genome research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gr.1306003
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::While metagenomics has emerged as a technology of choice for analyzing bacterial populations, the assembly of metagenomic data remains challenging, thus stifling biological discoveries. Moreover, recent studies revealed that complex bacterial populations may be composed from dozens of related strains, thus further amp...
journal_title:Genome research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1101/gr.213959.116
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00