Abstract:
BACKGROUND:The most commonly cited hypotheses for motion sickness (MS) focus on inconsistent sensory inputs. Visual/vestibular conflicts may lead to MS, but visual input from retinal regions/neural pathways that are sensitive to motion might bear more weight in MS etiology. We hypothesized that inducing blurred vision in an optokinetic drum would attenuate the influence of foveal (parvocellular) input, but not peripheral (magnocellular) input that is sensitive to motion. Increased relative influence of peripheral visual input was predicted to subsequently lead to more visual/vestibular conflict and subsequently more severe MS symptoms. METHODS:Through goggles that were either clear or frosted, 15 subjects (5 men, 10 women, mean age = 24.9 yr, range = 18-49) viewed the interior of a rotating (60° · s(-1)) optokinetic drum for 10 min. Subjects completed the Simulator Sickness Questionnaire (SSQ) before and after viewing. Overall subjective sickness ratings (0-10) and visually induced self-motion perception (vection) ratings (0-10) were also recorded. RESULTS:Postexposure SSQ scores obtained in the blur condition (total - 52.9, oculomotor - 38.9, disorientation - 69.6) were significantly higher than those obtained in the control condition (total - 30.4, oculomotor - 21.7, disorientation - 37.8). Overall sickness ratings and vection ratings were also significantly higher in the blur condition. CONCLUSIONS:These results suggest that visual blur can exacerbate MS, perhaps because of differential influences of visual pathways. Although these results were obtained with an optokinetic drum, possible effects of visual blurring in motion provocative environments such aircraft, watercraft, spacecraft, and land vehicles should be considered.
journal_name
Aerosp Med Hum Performjournal_title
Aerospace medicine and human performanceauthors
Bonato F,Bubka A,Thornton Wdoi
10.3357/AMHP.4105.2015subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-05-01 00:00:00pages
440-4issue
5eissn
2375-6314issn
2375-6322journal_volume
86pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:Aviation exposes pilots to various occupationally related hazards, including ionizing radiation and chemical combustion. The possibility of increased prostate cancer incidence and mortality among pilots is a subject of debate. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to summarize the supporting evidence...
journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.3357/AMHP.4453.2016
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::INTRODUCTION: Despite the clear need for understanding how pilot sleep affects performance during long-range (LR; 12-16h) and ultra-long-range (ULR; 16+h) flights, the scientific literature on the effects of sleep loss and circadian desynchronization on pilots' sleep in commercial aviation is sparse.METHODS: We assess...
journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3357/AMHP.5117.2019
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::INTRODUCTION: In-flight medical emergencies (IFMEs) average 1 of every 604 flights and are expected to increase as the population ages and air travel increases. Flight diversions, or the rerouting of a flight to an alternate destination, occur in 2 to 13% of IFME cases, but may or may not be necessary as determined af...
journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3357/AMHP.5720.2021
更新日期:2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Apache pilots needing refractive correction are issued modified HGU-4/P aviator spectacles. However, a recently published survey found field of view (FOV) dissatisfaction with the current spectacles when sighting in with a Helmet Display Unit (HDU). A current Air Force flight frame was modified in-lab and th...
journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3357/AMHP.4581.2016
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::BACKGROUND: Although oropharyngeal squamous cell papilloma (OSCP) is not uncommon in the general population, reports of OSCP in aviators are rare. This case report serves as a call for flight surgeons to consider all oropharyngeal pathology as a potential source of airway compromise during flight, and highlights regio...
journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3357/AMHP.5429.2019
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:: Beauvais A, Tate J, Kluesner JK. You're the flight surgeon: hypoglycemia. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2019; 90(9):826-829. ...
journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3357/AMHP.5405.2019
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The aim of this study was to quantify causes of medical disqualification (groundings) of Norwegian commercial pilots for the period 2006-2010, and to compare our findings with former Norwegian studies on the subject to reveal possible changes in the disease spectrum over the last decades. We compared our dat...
journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3357/AMHP.4551.2017
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Hypoxia caused by high altitude exposure can impair cerebral and mental functions. Blood flow and oxygenation of the buccal tissue can be reliable markers to detect hypoxia. In this study, near infrared spectroscopy was used in combination with a novel optical probe to evaluate the applicability of the nov...
journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3357/AMHP.4510.2016
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:This study explores the U.S. experience with waivers for insulin treatment for third-class medical certificates. From 1997 through 2014, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) approved an estimated 1500 waivers for insulin-treated diabetes with a total of 450 active waivers as of December 31, 2014. Thes...
journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3357/AMHP.4726.2017
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::BACKGROUND: High-altitude decompression sickness (HADCS) is a rare condition that has been associated with aircraft accidents. To the best of our knowledge, the present paper is the first case report of a patient treated for severe HADCS using recompression therapy and veno-venous extracorporeal oxygenation (VV-ECMO) ...
journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3357/AMHP.5457.2020
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Presented is a rare case of transient unilateral facial nerve paralysis occurring in a pilot while on initial ascent in an F-16CM. This pathology is sporadically observed in the diving community, but rarely described in military or civil aviation. This case was particularly unusual in its promptness of onset...
journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3357/AMHP.4449.2016
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::INTRODUCTION: The auditory system is not as heavily involved in the pilot's spatial orientation as the visual and vestibular systems; however, it plays a significant role in the cockpit for communication and warning information. The aim of this research was to investigate the combined effect of selective auditory atte...
journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3357/AMHP.5153.2018
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::INTRODUCTION: In-flight medical events (IMEs), although rare, are challenging due to the limited onboard resources and the time needed to reach an airport. Cabin crewmembers (CCMs) are trained to provide first aid, but their effectiveness has not been appropriately studied.METHODS: IMEs occurring in the biggest airlin...
journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3357/AMHP.5715.2021
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::INTRODUCTION: The use of systemic corticosteroids for upper respiratory tract infections has become increasingly common, but remains controversial. Given their purported ability to decrease duration of illness and hasten recovery, systemic corticosteroids offer an attractive treatment modality for flight surgeons desi...
journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3357/AMHP.5548.2020
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Evidence supports the efficacy of incorporating select recognized aviation practices and procedures into healthcare. Incident analysis, debrief, safety brief, and crew resource management (CRM) have all been assessed for implementation within the UK healthcare system, a world leader in aviation-based patie...
journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3357/AMHP.4911.2017
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Although there are numerous studies that demonstrate that color vision deficient (CVD) individuals perform less well than color vision normal (CVN) individuals in tasks that require discrimination or identification of colored stimuli, there remains a need to quantify the relationship between the type and s...
journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3357/AMHP.4630.2016
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::On ISS missions and explorer class missions, unexpected medical and surgical emergencies could be disastrous. Lack of ability to rapidly assess and make critical decisions affects mission capability. Current imaging modalities on ISS consist only of ultrasound. There are many acute diagnoses which ultrasound alone can...
journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3357/AMHP.4110.2015
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Casstevens EA. You're the flight surgeon: an unexpected twist. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2017; 88(9):884-887. ...
journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3357/AMHP.4836.2017
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cartilage tissue engineering is a growing field due to the lack of regenerative capacity of native tissue. The use of bioreactors for cartilage tissue engineering is common, but the results are controversial. Some studies suggest that microgravity bioreactors are ideal for chondrogenesis, while others show t...
journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3357/AMHP.4743.2017
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The ecology of medical care model has been used in various populations with varying results. We aimed to apply this model in the population of Israeli Air Force (IAF) aviators. METHODS:An anonymous questionnaire was presented to all Israeli Air Force aviators during their mandatory yearly check-up over 1 yr...
journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3357/AMHP.4406.2016
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Mild hypercapnia combined with a cephalad fluid shift [e.g., that occurring during spaceflight or laparoscopic surgery with head-down tilt (HDT)] might affect cerebral autoregulation. However, no reports have described the effects of the combination on dynamic cerebral autoregulation. Therefore, we tested th...
journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3357/AMHP.4870.2017
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Li HL. You're the flight surgeon: malaria. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2016; 87(1):78-81. ...
journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3357/AMHP.4317.2016
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::INTRODUCTION: Changes of visual function/neuro-opthalmic structures during spaceflight have been described as visual impairment and intracranial pressure syndrome (VIIP)/spaceflight-associated neuro-ocular syndrome (SANS). Although theories are suggested, the mechanism is unknown. Only indirect measurements of intracr...
journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3357/AMHP.5170.2019
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Orientation in a 3-dimensional environment increases demands on the vestibular system. The anterior, lateral, and posterior semicircular canals sense pitch, roll, and yaw acceleration, respectively. The macular end organs sense linear acceleration and provide gravity reference. Creatures that evolved to fl...
journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3357/AMHP.5104.2018
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Netters TA Jr. You're the flight surgeon: chest discomfort in a flyer. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2018; 89(9):851-853. ...
journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3357/AMHP.5075.2018
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:We evaluated ophthalmic changes in healthy individuals who underwent integrated resistance and aerobic training (iRAT) during 70-d 6° head-down tilt (HDT) bed rest (BR). METHODS:Participants were selected using NASA standard screening procedures. Standardized NASA BR conditions were implemented. Subjects ...
journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.3357/AMHP.4768.2017
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::INTRODUCTION: This study explores the safety risk due to delayed detection of hazardous health conditions that would result from increasing the duration of U.S. first-class aeromedical certificates from 6 mo to 12 mo for pilots ages 40 yr old through 60 yr old.METHODS: All pilots who submitted a U.S. first-class appli...
journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3357/AMHP.5268.2019
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::INTRODUCTION: Research on the mortality of space explorers has focused exclusively on U.S. astronauts and Soviet and Russian cosmonauts. However, other nations have organized space programs over the last 40 yr and the European Space Agency, the Canadian Space Agency, the China National Space Administration, and the Ja...
journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3357/AMHP.5369.2019
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::McCoy RP. You're the flight surgeon: myxopapillary ependymoma. Aersop Med Hum Perform. 2017; 88(10):970-973. ...
journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3357/AMHP.4835.2017
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Layovers are critical for pilot recovery between flights and minimum layover durations are required by regulation. However, research on the factors affecting layover sleep and safety performance indicators (SPIs) before subsequent flights is relatively sparse. The present project combined data from 6 studi...
journal_title:Aerospace medicine and human performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3357/AMHP.4965.2018
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00