Genetic alphabet expansion biotechnology by creating unnatural base pairs.

abstract：:The world continues to increase its energy use, brought about by an expanding population and a desire for a greater standard of living. This energy use coupled with the realization of the impact of carbon dioxide on the climate, has led us to reanalyze the potential of plant-based biofuels. Of the potential sources of...

journal_title：Current opinion in biotechnology

authors： Jones CS,Mayfield SP

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Synthetic proteins provide important information about the principles of protein structure. They illuminate the processes of natural protein evaluation, but are not limited by these processes. Here, we review studies of several mutant proteins and discuss the general principles that can be derived from them. ...

journal_title：Current opinion in biotechnology

authors： Pastore A,Lesk AM

更新日期：1991-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Aptamers are short single-stranded oligo(deoxy)nucleotides that are selected to bind to target molecules with high affinity and specificity. Because of their sophisticated characteristics and versatile applicability, aptamers are thought to become universal molecular probes in biotechnological and therapeutic applicat...

journal_title：Current opinion in biotechnology

authors： Pfeiffer F,Rosenthal M,Siegl J,Ewers J,Mayer G

更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Current approaches for treating peripheral nerve injury have resulted in promising, yet insufficient functional recovery compared to the clinical standard of care, autologous nerve grafts. In order to design a construct that can match the regenerative potential of the autograft, all facets of nerve tissue must be inco...

journal_title：Current opinion in biotechnology

authors： Marquardt LM,Sakiyama-Elbert SE

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mitochondria are both morphologically and functionally diverse, and this variety is thought to have important biological ramifications. The development of methods to probe the properties of individual mitochondria is therefore of utmost importance. Recent advances have been made using in situ microscopy techniques and...

journal_title：Current opinion in biotechnology

authors： Fuller KM,Arriaga EA

更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dramatic technical progress in RNA synthesis and structure determination has allowed several difficulties inherent to the preparation, handling and structural analysis of RNA to be overcome, and this has led to a wealth of information about RNA structure and its relationship with biological function. It is now fully r...

journal_title：Current opinion in biotechnology

authors： Hermann T,Westhof E

更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The delineation of the beta-globin locus control region has led to a new understanding of the developmental regulation of the beta-globin gene cluster. It now seems that globin gene switching is effected through the sequential and mutually exclusive interaction of the locus control region with the embryonic, fetal and...

journal_title：Current opinion in biotechnology

authors： Enver T,Greaves DR

更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We compare a number of different strategies that have been pursued to engineer thermophilic microorganisms for increased ethanol production. Ethanol production from pyruvate can proceed via one of four pathways, which are named by the key pyruvate dissimilating enzyme: pyruvate decarboxylase (PDC), pyruvate dehydrogen...

journal_title：Current opinion in biotechnology

authors： Olson DG,Sparling R,Lynd LR

更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Transgene integration in plants transformed by either Agrobacterium or direct DNA delivery methods occurs through illegitimate recombination (IR). The precise mechanism(s) for IR-mediated transgene integration and the role of host double-strand break repair enzymes remain unknown. A recent wealth of sequenced transgen...

journal_title：Current opinion in biotechnology

authors： Somers DA,Makarevitch I

更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mismatch-repair systems have been identified in organisms ranging from Escherichia coli to humans. They can repair almost all DNA base pair mismatches as well as small insertion/deletion mismatches. Molecular and biochemical analyses have shown that the core components of eukaryotic mismatch-repair systems are highly ...

journal_title：Current opinion in biotechnology

authors： Kolodner RD,Alani E

更新日期：1994-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The development of new strategies for the delivery of vaccine antigens or immune modulators to the mucosal tissue includes innovative approaches such as the use of genetically modified food microorganisms and plants. Even though the 'proof-of-concept' has recently been established for these two systems, key questions ...

journal_title：Current opinion in biotechnology

authors： Mercenier A,Wiedermann U,Breiteneder H

更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Scaffolds are used in tissue engineering as a matrix for the seeding and attachment of human cells. The creation of porosity in three-dimensional (3D) structures of scaffolds plays a critical role in cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation into the specific tissue while secreting extracellular matrix compon...

journal_title：Current opinion in biotechnology

authors： Dehghani F,Annabi N

更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Synthetic biology efforts began in simple single-cell systems, which were relatively easy to manipulate genetically (Cameron et al., 2014). The field grew exponentially in the last two decades, and one of the latest frontiers are synthetic developmental programs for multicellular mammalian systems (Black et al., 2017;...

journal_title：Current opinion in biotechnology

authors： Santorelli M,Lam C,Morsut L

更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Signal transduction is the process of converting one kind of signal or stimulus into another, with the goal of processing external or internal signals into diverse functions. In recent years, progress has been made in identifying signaling pathways, investigating cross-talk and feedbacks in signaling modules, analyzin...

journal_title：Current opinion in biotechnology

authors： Kiel C,Serrano L

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lignocellulosic biofuels represent a sustainable, renewable, and the only foreseeable alternative energy source to transportation fossil fuels. However, the recalcitrant nature of lignocellulose poses technical hurdles to an economically viable biorefinery. Low enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency and low productivity, yie...

journal_title：Current opinion in biotechnology

authors： Wen F,Nair NU,Zhao H

更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Electron capture dissociation (ECD) is a new fragmentation technique used in Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry and is complementary to traditional tandem mass spectrometry techniques. Disulfide bonds, normally stable to vibrational excitation, are preferentially cleaved in ECD. Fragmentation ...

journal_title：Current opinion in biotechnology

authors： Zubarev RA

更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The quantification of intracellular fluxes via 13C metabolic flux analysis has become one of the major techniques to support systems-based metabolic engineering of industrial production hosts. Commonly, 13C studies are conducted using minimal media, however, a great variety of industrial processes rely on complex medi...

journal_title：Current opinion in biotechnology

authors： Schwechheimer SK,Becker J,Wittmann C

更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Driven by the quest for sustainability, recent years have seen a tremendous progress in bio-based production routes from renewable raw materials to commercial goods. Particularly, the production of organic acids has crystallized as a competitive and fast-evolving field, related to the broad applicability of organic ac...

journal_title：Current opinion in biotechnology

authors： Becker J,Lange A,Fabarius J,Wittmann C

更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Semisynthesis is used to create defined analogues of proteins by the chemical manipulation of peptide fragments largely derived from the natural protein and the subsequent reassembly of those fragments into a near-native conformation. In common with the total synthesis of proteins, it requires efficient and non-destru...

journal_title：Current opinion in biotechnology

authors： Wallace CJ

更新日期：1995-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The field of environmental monitoring has experienced a substantial progress in the last years but still the on-site control of contaminants is an elusive problem. In addition, the growing number of pollutant sources is accompanied by an increasing need of having efficient early warning systems. Several years ago bios...

journal_title：Current opinion in biotechnology

authors： Chocarro-Ruiz B,Fernández-Gavela A,Herranz S,Lechuga LM

更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Our ability to dissect and understand the principles of gene regulatory circuits is partly limited by the resolution of our experimental assays. In this brief review, we discuss aspects of gene expression in microbial organisms apparent only when increasing the experimental resolution from populations to single cells ...

journal_title：Current opinion in biotechnology

authors： Wallden M,Elf J

更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Metabolic flux analysis (MFA) represents a powerful tool for systems biology research on eukaryotic cells. This review describes recent advances, the challenges as well as applications of metabolic flux analysis comprising fungi, mammalian cells and plants. While MFA is widely established and applied in microorganisms...

journal_title：Current opinion in biotechnology

authors： Niklas J,Schneider K,Heinzle E

更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite their central role in directing some of the most complex biological processes, carbohydrates--nature's other information carrying biopolymer--have been largely ignored as building blocks for synthetic hierarchical assemblies. The non-stoichiometric binding and astronomical diversity characteristic of carbohydr...

journal_title：Current opinion in biotechnology

authors： Han X,Zheng Y,Munro CJ,Ji Y,Braunschweig AB

更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The bacterial type II Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)-CRISPR Associated (Cas) systems, and in particular Streptococcus pyogenes CRISPR-Cas9, have been broadly applied to edit the genome of bacterial and eukaryotic cells. Cas9, which is an RNA-guided programmable nuclease, is a powerf...

journal_title：Current opinion in biotechnology

authors： Schmid-Burgk JL

更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fundamental biological processes such as cell-cell communication, signal transduction, molecular transport and energy conversion are performed by membrane proteins. These important proteins are studied best in their native environment, the lipid bilayer. The atomic force microscope (AFM) is the instrument of choice to...

journal_title：Current opinion in biotechnology

authors： Fotiadis D

更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is a complex system characterized by multiple cell types with a determined architectural arrangement. Tissue engineering of the GI tract aims to reinstate the architecture and function of all structural layers. The key point for successful tissue regeneration includes the use of cells/b...

journal_title：Current opinion in biotechnology

authors： Bitar KN,Zakhem E

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent field and laboratory studies have evaluated the potential for aerobic co-metabolism of chlorinated solvents. Different co-metabolic substrates and different methods of application have been tried, including growing indigenous microbes in situ, and injecting into the soil subsurface strains grown in subsurface r...

journal_title：Current opinion in biotechnology

authors： Semprini L

更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The development of electrospray and matrix-assisted laser desorption mass spectrometry has provided protein chemists with tools for peptide and protein structure analysis with unprecedented sensitivity and molecular weight range. The two technologies can be viewed as competitive with respect to their molecular mass de...

journal_title：Current opinion in biotechnology

authors： Lee TD,Shively JE

更新日期：1991-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Polyphenols are thought to be responsible for some of the health effects conferred by a diet rich in fruit and vegetables. Both the formation of bioactive polyphenol-derived metabolites and the modulation of colonic microbiota contribute to these health benefits. Therefore, one cannot infer biological responses from d...

journal_title：Current opinion in biotechnology

authors： Bolca S,Van de Wiele T,Possemiers S

更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Microbial communities within anaerobic ecosystems have evolved to degrade and recycle carbon throughout the earth. A number of strains have been isolated from anaerobic microbial communities, which are rich in carbohydrate active enzymes (CAZymes) to liberate fermentable sugars from crude plant biomass (lignocellulose...

journal_title：Current opinion in biotechnology

authors： Lillington SP,Leggieri PA,Heom KA,O'Malley MA

更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00