Abstract:
:Leptin regulates glucose, lipid and energy homeostasis as well as feeding behavior, serving as a bridge between peripheral metabolically active tissues and the central nervous system (CNS). Indeed, this adipocyte-derived hormone, whose circulating levels mirror fat mass, not only exerts its anti-obesity effects mainly modulating the activity of specific hypothalamic neurons expressing the long form of the leptin receptor (Ob-Rb), but it also shows pleiotropic functions due to the activation of Ob-Rb in peripheral tissues. Nevertheless, several mechanisms have been suggested to mediate leptin resistance, including obesity-associated hyperleptinemia, impairment of leptin access to CNS and the reduction in Ob-Rb signal transduction effectiveness, among others. During the onset and progression of obesity, the dampening of leptin sensitivity often occurs, preventing the efficacy of leptin replacement therapy from overcoming obesity and/or its comorbidities. This review focuses on obesity-associated leptin resistance and the mechanisms underpinning this condition, to highlight the relevance of leptin sensitivity restoration as a useful therapeutic strategy to treat common obesity and its complications. Interestingly, although promising strategies to counteract leptin resistance have been proposed, these pharmacological approaches have shown limited efficacy or even relevant adverse effects in preclinical and clinical studies. Therefore, the numerous findings from this review clearly indicate a lack of a single and efficacious treatment for leptin resistance, highlighting the necessity to find new therapeutic tools to improve leptin sensitivity, especially in patients with most severe disease profiles.
journal_name
Life Scijournal_title
Life sciencesauthors
Santoro A,Mattace Raso G,Meli Rdoi
10.1016/j.lfs.2015.05.012subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-11-01 00:00:00pages
64-74eissn
0024-3205issn
1879-0631pii
S0024-3205(15)00288-Xjournal_volume
140pub_type
杂志文章,评审相关文献
LIFE SCIENCES文献大全abstract::Although the aging effect of dopamine D2 receptor in the striatum is well-documented, the effect of age on the extrastriatal dopamine D2 receptor has not been fully examined. Since the density of extrastriatal dopamine D2 receptor is very low, suitable ligands are limited. In this study, we used [11C]FLB 457 to quanti...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0024-3205(01)01205-x
更新日期:2001-07-20 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:Coronary artery disease (CAD) ranks the leading cause of death globally. Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) gene, along with long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) BRAF-activated noncoding RNA (BANCR), could coordinately function in the occurrence of CAD. We hypothesized that level of IFN-γ, genetic variants of IFN-γ and BANCR gene should...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2019.05.066
更新日期:2019-08-15 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:The aim of this study was to find out a mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) source from human dental tissues of the same donor (follicle, papilla and pulp), which exhibits higher neurogenic differentiation potential in vitro. MAIN METHODS:MSCs were isolated from dental tissues (follicle, papilla and pulp) by digestion ...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2016.04.026
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The prevalence and mortality of the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic show marked geographic variation. The presence of several subtypes of the coronavirus and the genetic differences in the populations could condition that variation. Thus, the objective of this study was to propose variants in genes that en...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118313
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Testosterone propionate, cortisone, or sesame oil vehicle were given to rats during the last week of pregnancy so that effects of the hormones on anogenital distance, breeding capacity and vaginal opening of the female progeny could be contrasted. Testosterone significantly increased anogenital distance and delayed va...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0024-3205(92)90248-n
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Administration of ovine-prolactin (O-PRL) stimulated Ca2+ uptake in isolated duodenal cells prepared from vitamin D-deficient rats. The time course of this effect was biphasic: uptake activity reached a peak in 2.5 hrs followed by a decrease at 5 hrs to original levels. This stimulatory effect of O-PRL was observed in...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0024-3205(90)90568-c
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The binding of the D2-like agonists, (+)-7-hydroxy-N,N-di-n-[3H]propyl-2-aminotetralin (7-OH-DPAT) and [3H]pramipexole (2-amino-4,5,6-tetrahydro-6-propylaminobenzthiazole; MIRAPEX) were determined in membranes from adult male Sprague-Dawley and Fischer-344 rats. Saturation analysis, which optimized binding to D3 recep...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0024-3205(98)00446-9
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The optical isomers of apomorphine (APO) and N-propylnorapomorphine (NPA) were interacted with three biochemical indices of dopamine (DA) receptors in extrapyramidal and limbic preparations of rat brain tissue. There were consistent isomeric preferences for the R(-) configuration of both DA analogs in stimulating aden...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0024-3205(85)90596-x
更新日期:1985-09-16 00:00:00
abstract::Using a specific radioimmunoassay, we measured concentrations of plasma 7B2 (a novel pituitary polypeptide) immunoreactivity (7B2-IR) in normal human subjects, patients with chronic renal failure and those with liver cirrhosis. Mean (+/- SEM) values of plasma 7B2-IR in normal healthy men and women were 55.8 +/- 1.2 pg...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0024-3205(87)90685-0
更新日期:1987-08-24 00:00:00
abstract::Female mice of the inbred strains C57BL/6J, BALB/cJ and DBA/2J were used to determine the possible existence of a genetically-based differential susceptibility to the effects of treatment with an extract of Ginkgo biloba (EGb 761). Timm's silver-sulphide staining method was used to visualize and determine changes in t...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0024-3205(94)00915-5
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:7-Ketocholesteryl-9-carboxynonanoate (oxLig-1), a lipid moiety of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL), has been reported to be a crucial ligand of beta2-glycoprotein I (β(2)-GPI), and plays a potential role in the development of atherosclerosis (AS), however, the role of the sole oxLig-1 in the development of...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2010.09.028
更新日期:2010-11-20 00:00:00
abstract::We report an ongoing within-family selective breeding project for the severity of handling-induced withdrawal seizures in mice made physically dependent on ethanol by inhalation. Two Withdrawal Seizure Prone (WSP) and two Withdrawal Seizure Resistant (WSR) lines have been subjected to five generations of selection, an...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0024-3205(83)90751-8
更新日期:1983-09-05 00:00:00
abstract::Alteration in microbial populations and metabolism are key events associated with disruption of intestinal homeostasis and immune tolerance during intestinal inflammation. A substantial imbalance in bacterial populations in the intestine and their relationships with the host have been observed in patients with inflamm...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2018.11.009
更新日期:2018-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::The mechanism of spontaneous coronary contractions was investigated in the rabbit. Arteries with intact endothelium did not spontaneously contract. However, spontaneous coronary contractions were generated after the removal of the endothelium. NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester and methylene blue, the inhibitors of the ...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0024-3205(94)00492-7
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The challenge of discovering new, urgently needed anti-TB drugs from natural sources requires a truly interdisciplinary research. Cutting-edge mycobacteriology and innovative natural products chemistry tools have to be developed and employed in tandem, in order to meet these demands. The present review provides cross-...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2005.09.004
更新日期:2005-12-22 00:00:00
abstract::Extracellular phospholipase A2 (PLA2) with proinflammatory activity has recently been discovered in synovial fluids in inflammatory arthritides. In the search for the sources of synovial fluid PLA2, human synovium and articular cartilage were found to contain large quantities of the enzyme. In rheumatoid arthritis (RA...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0024-3205(91)90381-k
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Based on our earlier animal study, we became interested to investigate if thromboxane A2 (TXA2) is involved in angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) induced cough in man. To 11 patients with hypertension, who had developed cough induced by ACE inhibitors, a TXA2 synthetase inhibitor, ozagrel was given for 1 to 2 months ...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0024-3205(97)00124-0
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acute ingestion of ethanol impairs memory, an effect which might be related to ethanol-induced inhibition of vasopressin release. This was studied using tests of memory and cognitive function in 26 normal subjects before and after ethanol ingestion. Equal numbers of subjects received randomly, by double-blind intranas...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/0024-3205(85)90607-1
更新日期:1985-12-30 00:00:00
abstract::Intravenous (IV) administration of 10 ug/kg of morphine sulfate increased the firing rate of Type A dopamine neurons but decreased the extracellular activity of Type B dopamine cells in the substantia nigra pars compacta and ventral tegmental area of anesthetized male rats. The morphine-produced increase in Type A cel...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0024-3205(82)90153-9
更新日期:1982-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::Insulin binding and 3-0-Methylglucose transport have been studied in erythrocyte- and reticulocyte-enriched fractions of blood cells in order to determine if the increased number of insulin binding sites in reticulocytes is associated with a glucose transport response to insulin. In these experiments rabbit reticulocy...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0024-3205(82)90588-4
更新日期:1982-07-19 00:00:00
abstract::Thirty-seven women, aged 31-78 years, on two separate mornings consumed a decaffeinated beverage to which 6 mg caffeine/kg lean body mass or no caffeine were added. Total urine output of water, calcium, magnesium, sodium, chloride, potassium and creatinine increased in the two hours following caffeine ingestion when c...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0024-3205(90)90616-y
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A completely randomized controlled study based on a rabbit model was designed to study the effect of repetitive ischemic preconditioning (IPC) on a spinal cord ischemic reperfusion injury. Twenty four white adult Japanese rabbits were randomly assigned to one of the 3 groups (n = 8 per group): Group I: sham-operation ...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2006.04.014
更新日期:2006-09-05 00:00:00
abstract::We reported previously that acetylcholine (ACh)-induced endothelium-dependent relaxation of rat mesenteric microvessels depended both on nitric oxide (NO) and on a charybdotoxin (CTX)-sensitive endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing vasodilator. Cytochrome P450 (CYP)-dependent arachidonic acid metabolites act in some sys...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0024-3205(00)00413-6
更新日期:2000-02-11 00:00:00
abstract::Myelin basic protein and phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate are phosphorylated in vitro by ATP and solubilized rat brain myelin. When both substrates are present together, the rate of phosphorylation of each is increased about eight-fold. It appears likely that the phosphate turnover of myelin basic protein and of phosp...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0024-3205(84)90597-6
更新日期:1984-01-16 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the effects of the chronic administration of hesperetin on the activation of the antioxidant defence system in mice in which oxidative stress had been induced by 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA). Mice were divided randomly into three treatment groups. Hesperetin was administered orally to two of t...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2008.03.002
更新日期:2008-05-23 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:Right ventricular failure (RVF) varies significantly from the more common left ventricular failure (LVF). This study was undertaken to determine potential molecular pathways that are important in human right ventricular (RV) function and may mediate RVF. MATERIALS AND METHODS:We analyzed mRNA of human non-failing...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2018.01.021
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Accumulation of excess fluoride in the environment poses serious health risks to plants, animals, and humans. This endangers human health, affects organism growth and development, and negatively impacts the food chain, thereby affecting ecological balance. In recent years, numerous studies focused on the molecular mec...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2018.02.001
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Involvement of T-type voltage dependent Ca2+ channels (VDCCs) on morphine antinociception, in the development of tolerance and dependence to morphine, and naloxone-precipitated abstinence syndrome in morphine dependent mice was examined by using mibefradil, a T-type VDCCs blocker. Mice were rendered tolerant and depen...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0024-3205(02)01736-8
更新日期:2002-06-28 00:00:00
abstract::Based on the finding of decreased mitochondrial complex I activity in the substantia nigra of patients with Parkinson's disease, we propose that the consequent reduction of ATP synthesis and increased generation of reactive oxygen species may be a possible cause of nigrostriatal cell death. Since sulfhydryl groups are...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0024-3205(98)00472-x
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have proposed that the atypical opioid system in the mouse may be representative of that in the anorexia nervosa patient and may account for a biological predisposition to the disorder. This is in the context of our auto-addiction model of anorexia nervosa in which endogenous opioids play a critical role in its eti...
journal_title:Life sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0024-3205(90)90521-r
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00