Abstract：
:Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a complex clinical entity. In contrast to previously limited diagnostic definitions, it is now apparent that COPD is a clinically and biologically heterogeneous disease process, overlapping with other airways diseases like chronic asthma. As such, symptomatic response to current standard treatment practices is variable. New clinical guidelines have been altered to reflect this, with the inclusion of symptoms and risk factors in diagnostic and management algorithms. However, as our understanding of COPD pathophysiology deepens, many novel physiological, cellular, proteomic, and genetic markers have been identified. Several have been observed to be independently predictive of distinct clinical disease patterns, which at present are not illustrated by conventional measurements of lung impairment. The potential use of these predictive biomarkers to stratify this diverse patient population could transform the care we offer. We should aim for precision medicine to optimize diagnosis and treatment choices and to monitor and improve clinical outcomes in this disease.
journal_name
Ann N Y Acad Scijournal_title
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciencesauthors
Rooney C,Sethi Tdoi
10.1111/nyas.12809subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-06-01 00:00:00pages
18-32issue
1eissn
0077-8923issn
1749-6632journal_volume
1346pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Kinetics of extracellular RNA accumulation in culture medium and at the cell surface along with their composition and distribution among cell-free and cell-surface-bound fractions were investigated in mycoplasma-contaminated and mycoplasma-free HeLa cells. It was shown that the mycoplasma infection influenced the conc...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1196/annals.1368.046
更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this note epistemological problems in general theories about living systems are considered; in particular, the question of hidden connections between different areas of experience, such as folk biology and scientific biology, and hidden connections between central concepts of theoretical biology, such as function, ...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb06278.x
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A four- to fivefold overexpression of the gene for the Alzheimer beta/A4 amyloid precursor protein (APP) in individuals with Down's Syndrome (DS) appears to be responsible for the fifty year earlier onset of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology in DS compared to the normal population. It is therefore likely that a dereg...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1993.tb23035.x
更新日期：1993-09-24 00:00:00
abstract：:The autonomic nervous system consists of sympathetic, parasympathetic, and enteric ganglia and also of a specialized neuroendocrine derivative, the adrenomedullary chromaffin cells. ...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb04524.x
更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Learning theory proposes that drug seeking is a synthesis of multiple controllers. Whereas goal-directed drug seeking is determined by the anticipated incentive value of the drug, habitual drug seeking is elicited by stimuli that have formed a direct association with the response. Moreover, drug-paired stimuli can tra...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2012.06768.x
更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Anticardiolipin antibodies (aCLAs) and antibodies to oxidized-low density lipoproteins (oxLDL) are associated with two distinct diseases: the antiphospholipid syndrome and atherosclerosis. Because both diseases may be apparent in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), it is important to establish the relati...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1196/annals.1313.016
更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The ability to recognize and discriminate conspecific faces and facial expressions has played a critical role in the evolution of social communication. Darwin was one of the first to speculate that human and nonhuman primate facial expressions share similar mechanisms for production and functions in expressing emotion...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1196/annals.1280.005
更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Physicians have used various forms of antipyretic therapy since antiquity to lower the temperature of febrile patients. Nevertheless, it has yet to be determined whether the benefits of antipyretic therapy outweigh its risks. It is not known, for example, if core temperatures encountered during the febrile state ever ...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1998.tb08328.x
更新日期：1998-09-29 00:00:00
abstract：:Apoptosis in T and B lymphocytes is a major element controlling the immune response. Activation induced cell death (AICD) in T cells is a main mechanism for maintaining peripheral tolerance and for limiting an ongoing immune response. AICD is initiated by antigen reengagement of the T cell receptor (TCR), and mediated...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb06951.x
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Our previous studies have demonstrated that the methanol extract of heat-processed Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer exerts antioxidative, antiinflammatory, and anti-tumor-promoting effects. In the present study, we examined the antiinflammatory effects of several ginsenosides (Rb(1), Rc, Re, Rg(1), Rg(3)) derived from P. gins...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb04672.x
更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hepatitis B virus (HBV) of man has several characteristics that distinguish it from viruses of other groups. These include its ultrastructure, viral DNA size and structure, a virion DNA polymerase which repairs a single-stranded region in the viral DNA, liver tropism, character of persistent infection, and association...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1980.tb27978.x
更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In an effort to identify novel targets for the development of nonhormonal male contraceptives, genome-wide transcriptional profiling of the rat testis was performed. Specifically, enzymatically purified spermatogonia plus early spermatocyctes, pachytene spermatocytes, round spermatids, and Sertoli cells was analyzed a...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1196/annals.1411.014
更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of combined treatment with ribavirin and tiazofurin on the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, the best characterized animal model for human autoimmune disease multiple sclerosis, was investigated. The disease was induced in highly susceptible Dark Agouti rats with spinal cord homogena...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1196/annals.1342.047
更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this paper, I have introduced and solved a simple deterministic model of eye tracking that produces rich dynamical behavior. Some of its main features, notably the existence of a chaotic regime, are reminiscent of the anomalies reported in smooth pursuit eye tracking experiments with schizophrenia patients. By obta...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1987.tb48737.x
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The pregnant uterus is unique because of the dramatic functional changes that occur in the peripartum period. To promote the concept that we have a relatively poor understanding of the physiology of parturition, we will posit 10 facts that are so obvious and so clearly accepted as facts that they probably are not even...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1196/annals.1389.038
更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Because of certain restrictions in medical praxis, reusable materials are only allowed in some countries. This also applies to electrodes for electromyography; the special single-fiber electromyography electrode must be replaced. This article gives some details of the possibilities of using an alternative-a small conc...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2012.06775.x
更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is believed that HDL exerts its anti-atherogenic effects through the process of delivering cholesterol from peripheral tissues back to the liver for removal from the body (i.e., reverse cholesterol transport). The metabolic life cycle of HDL lipid and apolipoproteins during reverse cholesterol transport involves bo...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-4-431-68424-4_20
更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Insulin-like peptide 3 (INSL3) is present in hyperactive and neoplastic thyrocytes, but the functional role of this relaxin-like peptide hormone during carcinogenesis in the thyroid gland is currently unknown. We generated new cell models of stable transfectants of the human follicular thyroid carcinoma cell line FTC-...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.03832.x
更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The investigations with the NZB X SWR model show that the development of systemic autoimmune disease is a multistep, multigene process. Severe lupus nephritis in the NZB X SWR hybrids results from the interaction of genes inherited from both the autoimmune NZB and the normal SWR parents. A similar genetic interaction ...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1986.tb20855.x
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This preliminary study describes effects of two pharmacologic agents on erythrocyte behavior. Increased erythrocyte aggregation has been proposed as important in the pathogenesis of a number of disorders, but the exact mechanism by which it plays a role in disease production remains unclear. Several anionic amphophile...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1983.tb35216.x
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The loss of mucus coat continuity and apoptosis have been shown in Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-infected gastric tissues. Blockade of p38 mitogen-activated kinase (MAPK) produced reversal in the LPS-induced reduction in mucin synthesis and apoptosis in gastric epithelial cells. This study investigates whether H. py...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1196/annals.1299.014
更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Radioactive contamination from the Chernobyl meltdown spread over 40% of Europe (including Austria, Finland, Sweden, Norway, Switzerland, Romania, Great Britain, Germany, Italy, France, Greece, Iceland, Slovenia) and wide territories in Asia (including Turkey, Georgia, Armenia, Emirates, China), northern Africa, and N...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04821.x
更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Evolutionary theory is undergoing an intense period of discussion and reevaluation. This, contrary to the misleading claims of creationists and other pseudoscientists, is no harbinger of a crisis but rather the opposite: the field is expanding dramatically in terms of both empirical discoveries and new ideas. In this ...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04578.x
更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mitochondria display considerable structural diversity particularly in terms of the folding of the energy-transducing inner membrane. The hypothesis is forwarded that the topology of the mitochondrial inner membrane is not random but rather is a regulated cell parameter. Its effects on internal diffusion of metabolite...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1196/annals.1427.020
更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Large quantities of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) have been used as flame retardants in clothing and plastic products since the 1970s. A small fraction of the PBDEs in manufactured products subsequently enters municipal wastewater. Nevertheless, the resistance of these compounds to chemical and biochemical tr...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1196/annals.1454.012
更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A human T-T hybridoma was produced, which was a fusion product between and HGPRT-deficient T-cell line, Jurkat 3, and an OKT4+ activated peripheral blood T-cell. The hybrid expressed a receptor for IgM Fc and was negative for IgA Fc. It was shown to produce a factor capable of specifically enhancing IgA production and...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1983.tb26873.x
更新日期：1983-06-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Alzheimer's disease (AD) impairs olfaction, but it is uncertain how early this occurs in the disease process and whether the effect can be accounted for by other behavioral or genetic markers of the disease. We administered the Brief Smell Identification Test (BSIT) to 471 older people without dementia or cognitive im...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04013.x
更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present epidemiological data support and extend previous evidence in men and animals. Thus, a poor plasma status of vitamin C (less than 23 microM = 0.4 mg/dl) and/or of cholesterol-standardized vitamin E (less than 20-21.5 microM = 9 mg/l) occurs in westernized countries with an increased risk of IHD. A poor stat...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1987.tb23755.x
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Henry Kandrup wrote prolifically on the problem of relaxation of stellar systems. His picture of relaxation was significantly more refined than the standard description in terms of phase mixing and violent relaxation. In this article, I summarize Henry's work in this and related areas. ...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1196/annals.1350.002
更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Latent chronic ascorbic acid deficiency provokes in guinea pigs a metabolic disorder in the liver, causing an impaired cholesterol transformation to its principal catabolic product, bile acids. This metabolic disorder induces hypercholesterolemia and accumulation of cholesterol in the liver and slows the release of ch...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1975.tb29299.x
更新日期：1975-09-30 00:00:00
