Abstract:
:Group A streptococcus (GAS) is known to cause a broad spectrum of illness, from pharyngitis and impetigo, to autoimmune sequelae such as rheumatic heart disease, and invasive diseases. It is a significant cause of infectious disease morbidity and mortality worldwide, but no efficacious vaccine is currently available. Progress in GAS vaccine development has been hindered by a number of obstacles, including a lack of standardization in immunoassays and the need to define human correlates of protection. In this review, we have examined the current immunoassays used in both GAS and other organisms, and explored the various challenges in their implementation in order to propose potential future directions to identify a correlate of protection and facilitate the development of M protein-based vaccines, which are currently the main GAS vaccine candidates.
journal_name
J Immunol Resjournal_title
Journal of immunology researchauthors
Tsoi SK,Smeesters PR,Frost HR,Licciardi P,Steer ACdoi
10.1155/2015/167089subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-01-01 00:00:00pages
167089eissn
2314-8861issn
2314-7156journal_volume
2015pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Type I interferon (IFN-I) plays a critical role in the antitumor immune response. In our previous study, we showed that IFN-I-inducible 2'-5' oligoadenylate synthetase-like 1 (OASL1) negatively regulated IFN-I production upon tumor challenge similar to that of viral infection. Thus, OASL1-deficient (Oasl1-/-) mice wer...
journal_title:Journal of immunology research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2019/7596786
更新日期:2019-03-31 00:00:00
abstract::Reports suggesting a pathogenic role of autoantibodies directed against glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65Abs) in cerebellar ataxias (CAs) are reviewed, and debatable issues such as internalization of antibodies by neurons and roles of epitopes are discussed. GAD65 is one of two enzymes that catalyze the conversion...
journal_title:Journal of immunology research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1155/2017/2913297
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This work is aimed at investigating the effect of melittin on identified key genes in bladder cancer (BC) and further providing a theoretical basis for BC treatment. GSE35014 downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database was used to screen differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in BC cells and control. Res...
journal_title:Journal of immunology research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2018/5038172
更新日期:2018-05-03 00:00:00
abstract::Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN) are life-threatening disease. However, there are only few epidemiologic studies of SJS/TEN from China. To analyze the clinical characteristics, causality, and outcome of treatment for SJS/TEN in China, we reviewed case reports of patients with SJS/TEN f...
journal_title:Journal of immunology research
pub_type: 杂志文章
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abstract:Background:Kawasaki disease (KD) is a systemic form of self-limited vasculitis in children less than five years old, and the main complication is coronary artery injury. However, the etiology of KD remains unclear. The IL-1B polymorphisms rs16944 GG and rs1143627 AA and their diplotype GA/GA have been associated with s...
journal_title:Journal of immunology research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2019/4730507
更新日期:2019-04-09 00:00:00
abstract::Bacterial vaginosis (BV), the most common genital infection in reproductive-aged women, is associated with increased risk of sexually transmitted infections. Its etiology remains unclear, especially the role of Gardnerella (G.) vaginalis, an anaerobic bacterium characteristic of the BV-alteration of the vaginal ecosys...
journal_title:Journal of immunology research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2016/9747480
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of immunology research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1155/2019/1603758
更新日期:2019-04-16 00:00:00
abstract::A myriad of pathogens gain access to the host via the mucosal route; thus, vaccinations that protect against mucosal pathogens are critical. Pathogens such as HIV, HSV, and influenza enter the host at mucosal sites such as the intestinal, urogenital, and respiratory tracts. All currently licensed vaccines mediate prot...
journal_title:Journal of immunology research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1155/2018/3734207
更新日期:2018-12-13 00:00:00
abstract::Anti-CD3 antibody has been employed for various immune-mediated disorders. However, whether anti-CD3 administration leads to rapid metabolic alternation has not been well investigated. In the current study, we studied how anti-CD3 treatment affected blood glucose levels in mice. We found that anti-CD3 treatment induce...
journal_title:Journal of immunology research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2014/326708
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Circulating T follicular helper (cTfh) cells are known to be involved in numerous immune-mediated diseases, but their pathological role in psoriasis is less fully investigated. Herein, we aimed to identify whether cTfh cells contributed to the pathogenesis of psoriasis. The frequency and function of cTfh cells were co...
journal_title:Journal of immunology research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2016/7346030
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) are derivatives of 4-aminoquinoline compounds with over 60 years of safe clinical usage. CQ and HCQ are able to inhibit the production of cytokines such as interleukin- (IL-) 1, IL-2, IL-6, IL-17, and IL-22. Also, CQ and HCQ inhibit the production of interferon- (IFN-) α a...
journal_title:Journal of immunology research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1155/2020/4582612
更新日期:2020-09-25 00:00:00
abstract::Bullous systemic lupus erythematosus (BSLE) is an autoantibody-mediated vesiculobullous disease in patients with SLE. Autoimmunity in BSLE is characterized by the presence of circulating anti-type VII collagen antibodies. BSLE patients often present with multiple, tense, clear fluid-filled vesicles and bullae overlyin...
journal_title:Journal of immunology research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1155/2015/167064
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Malaria continues being a high-impact disease regarding public health worldwide; the WHO report for malaria in 2018 estimated that ~219 million cases occurred in 2017, mostly caused by the parasite Plasmodium falciparum. The disease cost the lives of more than 400,000 people, mainly in Africa. In spite of great effort...
journal_title:Journal of immunology research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2019/3832513
更新日期:2019-12-30 00:00:00
abstract:Objective:Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune systemic disease and its pathogenesis has not yet been completely clarified. Patients with SLE show a deranged lipid metabolism, which can contribute to the immunopathogenesis of the disease and to the accelerated atherosclerosis. Resolvin D1 (RvD1), a produ...
journal_title:Journal of immunology research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2018/5264195
更新日期:2018-10-21 00:00:00
abstract::Ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) remains a major problem in organ transplantation, which represents the main cause of graft dysfunction posttransplantation. Hepatic IRI is characterized by an excessive inflammatory response within the liver. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been shown to be immunomodulatory cells a...
journal_title:Journal of immunology research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2018/7283703
更新日期:2018-12-03 00:00:00
abstract::We evaluated the association between anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies (anti-CCP) and anti-mutated citrullinated vimentin antibodies (anti-MCV) with the presence of extra-articular (ExRA) manifestations in 225 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Ninety-five patients had ExRA and 130 had no ExRA. There ...
journal_title:Journal of immunology research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2014/536050
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand (CXCL)10 and other CXCR3 chemokines are involved in the pathogenesis of acute and "chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection" (CHC). Here, we review the scientific literature about HCV and CXCL10. The combination of circulating CXCL10 and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in IL-28B ...
journal_title:Journal of immunology research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1155/2019/5878960
更新日期:2019-08-08 00:00:00
abstract::Although it is known that systemic form of lupus erythematosus (LE) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are frequently observed together, there are no published reports on MetS in patients with skin-restricted LE. We aimed to compare the frequencies of MetS and its components in discoid LE (DLE) with the non-DLE control gro...
journal_title:Journal of immunology research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2017/3972706
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Primary Sjogren's syndrome (pSS) is a chronic autoimmune disease. The aim of the study was to establish whether in patients with pSS without central nervous system (CNS) involvement, the function of the central portion of the sensory pathway can be challenged. In 33 patients with pSS without clinical features of CNS d...
journal_title:Journal of immunology research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2018/8174340
更新日期:2018-04-05 00:00:00
abstract::Severe aplastic anemia (SAA) is a rare disease characterized by severe pancytopenia and bone marrow failure. Most patients with AA respond to immunosuppressive therapy (IST), usually as antithymocyte globulin (ATG) and cyclosporine (CsA), but some relapse on CsA withdrawal or require long-term administration of CsA to...
journal_title:Journal of immunology research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2020/1798795
更新日期:2020-10-17 00:00:00
abstract::Neuropathic pain (NPP) is intolerable, persistent, and specific type of long-term pain. It is considered to be a direct consequence of pathological changes affecting the somatosensory system and can be debilitating for affected patients. Despite recent progress and growing interest in understanding the pathogenesis of...
journal_title:Journal of immunology research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1155/2016/6430423
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of propolis on blood glucose regulation and the alleviation of various complications caused by diabetes have been widely studied. The main source of propolis in the northern temperate zone is poplar buds. However, there is limited research on the antidiabetic activity of poplar buds. In order to evaluate t...
journal_title:Journal of immunology research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2018/7245956
更新日期:2018-09-18 00:00:00
abstract::Inflammation plays an essential role in the control of pathogens and in shaping the ensuing adaptive immune responses. Traditionally, innate immunity has been described as a rapid response triggered through generic and nonspecific means that by definition lacks the ability to remember. Recently, it has become clear th...
journal_title:Journal of immunology research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1155/2018/1467538
更新日期:2018-06-11 00:00:00
abstract::Background. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with great heterogeneity in pathogenesis and clinical symptoms. Rheumatoid factor (RF) is one key indicator for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) while immunoglobulin E (IgE) is associated with type I hypersensitivity. To better categorize SLE subtypes, w...
journal_title:Journal of immunology research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2017/5096741
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most serious chronic kidney diseases and the major cause of end-stage renal failure worldwide. The underlying mechanisms of DN are complex and required to be further investigated. Both innate immunity and renin-angiotensin system (RAS) play critical roles in the pathogenesis of ...
journal_title:Journal of immunology research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1155/2020/6193407
更新日期:2020-04-30 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this paper is to determine the modulatory effects of Lactobacillus acidophilus on the IL-23/Th17 immune axis in experimental colitis. DSS-induced mouse models of UC were to be saline, hormones, and different concentrations of Lactobacillus acidophilus intervention. The expression of interleukin- (IL-) 17, t...
journal_title:Journal of immunology research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2015/909514
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Evidences show that purinergic signaling is involved in processes associated with health and disease, including noncommunicable, neurological, and degenerative diseases. These diseases strike from children to elderly and are generally characterized by progressive deterioration of cells, eventually leading to tissue or...
journal_title:Journal of immunology research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1155/2018/4892473
更新日期:2018-08-12 00:00:00
abstract::Intestinal inflammation is a harmful condition in fish that can be triggered by the ingestion of soybean meal. Due to the positive costs-benefits ratio of including soybean meal in farmed fish diets, identifying additives with intestinal anti-inflammatory effects could contribute to solving the issues caused by this p...
journal_title:Journal of immunology research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2016/1639720
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Diagnostic criteria for Sjögren's syndrome (SS) are continually being updated in pursuit of more precise and earlier diagnosis to prevent its complications. Owing to the high rate of false negative traditional serological markers, the need for better serological testing remains. Objective:To investigate the...
journal_title:Journal of immunology research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2019/7935451
更新日期:2019-01-13 00:00:00
abstract::Regulatory T cells (Treg) can show plasticity whereby FOXP3 expression, the master transcription factor for Treg suppressor function, is lost and proinflammatory cytokines are produced. Optimal FOXP3 expression strongly depends on hypomethylation of the FOXP3 gene. 5-Azacytidine (Aza) and its derivative 5-aza-2'-deoxy...
journal_title:Journal of immunology research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2018/4973964
更新日期:2018-04-15 00:00:00