On the origin of paramagnetic inhomogeneity effects in blood.

Abstract:

:Hydrogen, sodium, and fluorine (added F-) NMR spectra of venous and oxygenated blood were measured. The fluorine resonance was seen as a single peak in both samples, and all three resonances exhibited the same deoxy-oxy shift. Because F- exchanges slowly across the red cell membrane, and because sodium is 95% extracellular, these results suggest that the intra-extracellular field difference delta B is less than 0.1 ppm. A small value of delta B tends to rule out transmembrane exchange as an important contributor to relaxation in MRI of blood and hematomas. However, the broadening of the resonances with deoxygenation, by 0.3-0.4 ppm, indicates that both intra- and extracellular gradients are of comparable and sufficient magnitude to produce the T2-weighted hypointensity seen in clinical magnetic resonance images of hematomas at high fields.

journal_name

Magn Reson Med

authors

Brooks RA,Brunetti A,Alger JR,Di Chiro G

doi

10.1002/mrm.1910120210

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

1989-11-01 00:00:00

pages

241-8

issue

2

eissn

0740-3194

issn

1522-2594

journal_volume

12

pub_type

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