Abstract:
:Aldehyde oxidase (AOX) is a cytosolic enzyme responsible for the metabolism of some drugs and drug candidates. AOX catalyzes the oxidative hydroxylation of substrates including several aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes, and nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds. AOX is also reported to catalyze the reductive metabolism of nitro-compounds, N-oxides, sulfoxides, isoxazoles, isothiazoles, nitrite and hydroxamic acids. These reductive transformations are not well understood and are generally believed to only occur at low oxygen concentrations. In this study, we used 5-nitroquinoline (5NQ) as a substrate to further understand both the oxidative and the reductive transformations catalyzed by AOX. In vitro reaction of 5NQ with AOX under aerobic conditions generated the oxidized (2-oxo-5-nitroquinoline, 2-oxo-5NQ), the reduced (5-aminoquinoline, 5AQ) and the oxidized/reduced (2-oxo-5-aminoquinoline, 2-oxo-5AQ) metabolites. Interestingly, in human liver cytosol, co-incubation of 5NQ and known AOX oxidative substrates DACA and phthalazine significantly increased the yield of the reduced metabolite, while oxidized metabolites production decreased. These data indicate that 5NQ can be reduced at atmospheric oxygen concentrations and that the reductive transformation occurs at a second site that is kinetically distinct from the oxidative site.
journal_name
Biochem Pharmacoljournal_title
Biochemical pharmacologyauthors
Paragas EM,Humphreys SC,Min J,Joswig-Jones CA,Jones JPdoi
10.1016/j.bcp.2017.09.002subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-12-01 00:00:00pages
210-217eissn
0006-2952issn
1873-2968pii
S0006-2952(17)30565-8journal_volume
145pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Bronchial epithelial cells play an important role in amplifying and perpetuating airway inflammation and may be a target for inhaled steroids. We have characterized glucocorticoid receptors in primary human bronchial epithelial cells. Northern and western blot analyses demonstrated the expression of glucocorticoid rec...
journal_title:Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-2952(99)00008-8
更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although there are a number of well-characterised animal models available for testing and comparing the efficacy of iron chelators, most are expensive to operate and are not capable of providing rapid and reproducible results. The method described herein is based on the labelling of rat liver with 59Fe using rat 59Fe-...
journal_title:Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-2952(98)00319-0
更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Knowledge of the nature of the interaction between the stimulatory G protein (Gs) and the adenylyl cyclase catalytic unit (C) is essential for interpreting the effects of Gs mutations and expression levels on cellular response to a wide variety of hormones, drugs, and neurotransmitters. It has been proposed that beta-...
journal_title:Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-2952(97)00148-2
更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Enhanced aggregation of platelets was observed in platelet-rich plasma, but not in washed platelet suspension (WPS), during acute inflammation in rats. Incubation of WPS with inflammatory plasma increased the aggregatory response to ADP, but the plasma itself did not cause aggregation of platelets. It potentiated the ...
journal_title:Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-2952(90)90699-l
更新日期:1990-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::Glutamatergic hypofunction and elevated levels of kynurenic acid (KYNA) in the brain are common features of patients with schizophrenia. In vivo studies indicate that in the hippocampus KYNA decreases glutamate levels, presumably via inhibition of α7 nicotinic receptors (nAChRs). Here we tested the hypothesis that bas...
journal_title:Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2012.07.030
更新日期:2012-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Rats treated with six to eight doses (80 mg/kg, i.p.) of 4-pentenoic acid, an inhibitor of mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation in vitro, during a 48-hr starvation period developed microvesicular fatty infiltration of the liver similar to that observed in Reye's Syndrome. Hepatic triglycerides were elevated an average o...
journal_title:Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-2952(84)90169-2
更新日期:1984-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::The transcription factor NF-kappaB plays a key role in a wide variety of cellular processes such as innate and adaptive immunity, cellular proliferation, apoptosis and development. In unstimulated cells, NF-kappaB is sequestered in the cytoplasm through its tight association with inhibitory proteins called IkappaBs, c...
journal_title:Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2006.06.017
更新日期:2006-10-30 00:00:00
abstract::Isolated liver from phenobarbital-induced male mice was perfused using infusions of cytochrome c pulses as quality control of the system. Livers spontaneously evolved 1.1 pmoles ethane g-1 liver min-1, exogenous pentane disappeared with 0.6 pmoles g-1 min-1. Infusion of 0.26 mmoles/l. FeCl2 led to immediate ethane pro...
journal_title:Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-2952(83)90112-0
更新日期:1983-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The oxidative metabolism of more than 20 drugs (e.g. sparteine, debrisoquine, dextromethorphan) is mediated by cytochrome P450IID6. Codeine O-demethylation to morphine was recently demonstrated to co-segregate with the polymorphic metabolism of debrisoquine and dextromethorphan. The female Dark-Agouti rat (DA) is an a...
journal_title:Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-2952(91)90077-i
更新日期:1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Guanidines, amidines, S-alkylisothioureas, and other compounds containing the amidine function (-C(=NH)NH2) have been described as inhibitors of the generation of nitric oxide (NO) by NO synthase (NOS). Here we report on the inhibition of the activity of NOS isoforms by compounds in which the amidine function is attac...
journal_title:Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-2952(97)00196-2
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hep G2 cells, an established cell line derived from a human hepatoma, have retained a number of hepatocytic phase I and II reactions. The influence of picolines (2-, 3- and 4-methylpyridine), related compounds and some classical enzyme inducers on specific glutathione transferase (GST) activity and its subunit composi...
journal_title:Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-2952(94)90597-5
更新日期:1994-11-16 00:00:00
abstract::The GABA(B) receptor antagonist SGS742 (CGP36742) displays pronounced cognition enhancing effects in mice, young and old rats and in Rhesus monkeys in active and passive avoidance paradigms, in an eight-arm radial maze and a Morris water maze and in a social learning task. SGS742 blocks the late inhibitory postsynapti...
journal_title:Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2004.07.030
更新日期:2004-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of febrifugine, the main alkaloidal constituent of an antimalarial crude drug, Dichroa febrifuga Lour., on protective immunity in mice infected with erythrocytic stage Plasmodium berghei NK65 was investigated. Febrifugine was administered orally, at a dose of 1 mg/kg/day, to mice before and/or after they we...
journal_title:Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-2952(99)00244-0
更新日期:1999-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::Store-dependent calcium entry represents a little characterized calcium permeation pathway that is present in a variety of cell types. It is activated in an unknown way by depletion of intracellular calcium stores, for example in the course of phospholipase C stimulation. Current hypotheses propose that depleted calci...
journal_title:Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0006-2952(96)00048-2
更新日期:1996-04-26 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of 2-[(4-acetylphenyl)amino]-3-chloro-1,4-naphthalenedione (NQ-Y15), a synthetic 1,4-naphthoquinone derivative, on platelet activity and its mechanism of action were investigated. NQ-Y15 caused a concentration-dependent inhibition of the aggregation induced by thrombin, collagen, arachidonic acid (AA), and...
journal_title:Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-2952(97)00179-2
更新日期:1997-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::Most of diabetic cardiovascular complications are attributed to endothelial dysfunction and impaired angiogenesis. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) and oxidative stresses were shown to play a pivotal role in the development of endothelial dysfunction in diabetes. Hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1) was shown to protect against oxidative...
journal_title:Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2016.12.009
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oxyntomodulin (Oxm) is a hormone which has been shown to exhibit a range of potentially beneficial actions for alleviation of obesity-diabetes. However, exploitation of Oxm-based therapies has been severely restricted due to degradation by the enzyme dipeptidylpeptidase-IV (DPP-IV). Thus, the aim of this study was to ...
journal_title:Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2010.08.010
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The increase in life expectancy has resulted in a high occurrence of dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Research on AD has undergone a paradigm shift from viewing it as a disease of old age to taking a life course perspective. Several vascular, lifestyle, psychological and genetic risk factors influencing this lat...
journal_title:Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2014.01.003
更新日期:2014-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::Major antidepressant agents increase synaptic levels of monoamines. Although the monoamine hypothesis of depression remains a cornerstone of our understanding of the pathophysiology of depression, emerging data has suggested that the alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor subtype of g...
journal_title:Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2005.12.022
更新日期:2006-04-28 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, 1,4,6-androstatriene-3,17-dione (ATD) was demonstrated to cause time-dependent loss of aromatase activity in rat ovarian microsomes in vitro. In vivo, an injection of ATD caused inhibition of ovarian aromatase and reduced estrogen secretion in pregnant mare's serum gonadotropin-primed rats for at least ...
journal_title:Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-2952(82)90415-4
更新日期:1982-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thioredoxin reductase (TR1) is a selenoprotein that is involved in cellular redox status control and deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis. Many cancers, including lung, overexpress TR1, making it a potential cancer therapy target. Previous work has shown that TR1 knockdown enhances the sensitivity of cancer cells to antic...
journal_title:Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2010.09.024
更新日期:2011-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::Acute administration of alpha-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT) to rats has been used as a model of intrahepatic cholestasis. The mechanism of toxicity of ANIT is unknown, although recent evidence suggests a causal or permissive role for glutathione (GSH) (Dahm LJ and Roth RA, Biochem Pharmacol 42: 1181-1188, 1991). In th...
journal_title:Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-2952(91)90253-2
更新日期:1991-08-22 00:00:00
abstract::No doubt can remain that the flavonoids have profound effects on the function of immune and inflammatory cells as determined by a large number and variety of in vitro and some in vivo observations. That these ubiquitous dietary chemicals may have significant in vivo effects on homeostasis within the immune system and ...
journal_title:Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0006-2952(92)90489-6
更新日期:1992-03-17 00:00:00
abstract::We have investigated the ionophoretic and apoptotic properties of the daucane sesquiterpene ferutinin and three related compounds, ferutidin, 2-alpha-hydroxyferutidin and teferin, all isolated from various species of plants from the genus Ferula. Ferutinin induced a biphasic elevation of intracellular Ca2+ in the leuk...
journal_title:Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2004.05.016
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The study of binding is not an easy task especially because of the difficulty of interpreting the results in terms of binding on specific receptor sites. The problem is not new; what is new is the increasing amount of fanciful interpretation that such a technique has generated. The tendency to interpret anomalous or i...
journal_title:Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-2952(84)90436-2
更新日期:1984-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::The composition of the glycerophosphatides in pancreas and liver was studied in rats fed an ethanol-containing diet and in pair-fed controls. The fraction of arachidonoyl-containing phosphatidylinositols in pancreas was much lower in the former rats, also when the rats were starved for a final 24 hr period. This fract...
journal_title:Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-2952(84)90521-5
更新日期:1984-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The chiral inversion properties of 4-(4-methylphenyl)-2-methylthiomethyl-4-oxobutanoic acid (KE-748), an active metabolite of 2-acetylthiomethyl-4-(4-methylphenyl)-4-oxobutanoic acid (KE-298), were compared with those of ibuprofen in rats. After administration of R(-)-[2 alpha-2H]KE-748, S(+)-KE-748 was present in the...
journal_title:Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-2952(96)00658-2
更新日期:1997-01-24 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of pretreatment with 3-methylcholanthrene (MC) and beta-naphthoflavone (beta NF) on the hepatic microsome-mediated mutagenesis of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and benzo[a]pyrene, and on the metabolism of aflatoxins B1 and B2, were investigated in inbred mouse strains. The inbred strains of mice studied included Ah ...
journal_title:Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-2952(83)90146-6
更新日期:1983-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::The cellular distribution of cytochrome P-450 has been studied in the liver and a number of extrahepatic tissues in the rat by immunocytochemistry, using an antibody raised against cytochrome P-450 form c. Immunoreactive cytochrome P-450, most probably form c, was found in the proximal tubules of the kidney, in the Cl...
journal_title:Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-2952(86)90777-x
更新日期:1986-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::Inorganic polyphosphate (polyP) is a physiological polymer composed of tens to hundreds of phosphate units linked together via phosphoanhydride bonds. Here we compared the biological activity of polyP (chain length of 40 phosphate units), complexed with Gd(3+) (polyP·Gd), with the one caused by polyP (as calcium salt)...
journal_title:Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2015.12.011
更新日期:2016-02-15 00:00:00