Abstract:
:Over the last 10 years, kisspeptins--peptide products of varying lengths encoded by the KISS1 gene--have been found to be key regulators of normal reproductive function throughout life in animals and humans. By activating the kisspeptin receptor [previously known as orphan G protein-coupled receptor 54 (GPR54)], they elicit an effect on the central gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons. Administration of kisspeptin by either the subcutaneous or intravenous route potently stimulates endogenous gonadotropin hormone release in healthy men and women as well as in animals. Kisspeptin also stimulates endogenous release of gonadotropins in subfertile as well as healthy volunteers, and therefore it has potential as a novel therapeutic agent in reproductive disorders. Further human studies have shown that chronic, high-dose administration of kisspeptin causes desensitisation with rapid subsequent suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, and therefore high-dose long-acting analogues may have a clinical role in treating sex hormone-dependent malignancies. By further elucidating the intricacies and mechanisms of the kisspeptin signalling system, and the tissues it acts on during different phases of the reproductive timeline (including during puberty, fertility, pregnancy and menopause), pharmacologic analogues could become clinically useful.
journal_name
Neuroendocrinologyjournal_title
Neuroendocrinologyauthors
Prague JK,Dhillo WSdoi
10.1159/000439133subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-01-01 00:00:00pages
238-45issue
3eissn
0028-3835issn
1423-0194pii
000439133journal_volume
102pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Pregnancy and parturition are associated with opioid-mediated elevations in maternal pain thresholds. This analgesia is subserved by a spinal cord dynorphin/kappa-opiate receptor system. During gestation, elevated pain thresholds are paralleled by a significant increase in the content of dynorphin (1-17 and 1-8) in th...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000126555
更新日期:1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ability of the flutamide metabolite Sch 16423 to block androgen receptor binding and inhibit masculine copulatory behavior in male rats was examined. Restoration of copulatory behavior was prevented in Sch 16423-treated rats given two 10-mm testosterone (T)-filled Silastic capsules plus 15 mg Sch 16423 daily for 1...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000124510
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The storage form of prolactin (PRL) was converted into the releasable form in the lactating rat pituitary gland within 10 min of suckling by 6 pups following 4-5 h of nonsuckling on postpartum day 13-14. The characteristics of the PRL discharge from the releasable pool into the circulation was then studied using a sti...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000123957
更新日期:1984-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) has been characterized on the basis of its intrinsic activity to release corticotropin from cultured rat anterior pituitary cells. Injected in intact rats, CRF increases adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) release. Endogenous CRF-like immunoreactivity was detected in the cytoplasm a...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000125186
更新日期:1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Immunoneutralization of endogenous gonadal steroids has recently been shown to modify pineal beta-adrenoceptor function in intact Merino ewes. In the current study, interactions between gonadal steroids and these receptors have been further investigated. beta-Adrenoceptor density and binding affinity both showed time-...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000124225
更新日期:1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Somatotropes and GC cells, a GH-producing cell line, exhibit [Ca(2+)](i) oscillations that result from rhythmic Ca(2+) action potentials. Determination of this operating mode required simultaneous recording of both parameters by fura-2 imaging and patch-clamp techniques. In order to test whether patch recording induce...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000054495
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous work in many laboratories has shown that luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) neurons display a range of shapes from smooth-contoured to extremely irregular or 'thorny'. To determine if these forms reflect or can be modified by the gonadal steroid milieu, the morphology of LHRH neurons was examined in...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000125138
更新日期:1989-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recordings were made of single unit activity through chronically implanted electrodes within the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus of freely moving male rats also bearing chronically implanted stimulating electrodes in the preoptic area (POA) and indwelling jugular cannulae. High frequency electrical stimulation of...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000124269
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Methanol extracts of rat plasma resulted in release of prolactin (PRL) from rat hemipituitaries in vitro with a linear log-dose relationship. This prolactin-releasing factor (PRF)-like activity was not altered in plasma from rats treated with bromocryptine or chlorpromazine despite significant suppression and stimulat...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000122925
更新日期:1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) is localized in fibers in the noradrenergic nucleus locus ceruleus (LC) and alters LC discharge characteristics when administered centrally. To determine whether CRF functions as a neurotransmitter in the LC during stress, the effects of hemodynamic stress on LC discharge were comp...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000125081
更新日期:1988-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to examine the occurrence of endogenous oscillations of Per1, Per2, Bmal1 and Rev-erbα genes in rat pineal explants and to investigate their regulation by adrenergic ligands. Our results show a significant and sustained rhythm of Per2,Bmal1 and Rev-erbα gene expression for up to 48 h in cultu...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000327430
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::To clarify the role and site of action of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in ovine pineal glands, we have investigated the effects of aminooxyacetic acid (AOAA), an inhibitor of GABA transaminase, on endogenous GABA content and beta-adrenoceptor mediated pineal function in Merino sheep. A significant elevation of endog...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000123892
更新日期:1984-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The A1 and A2 brainstem noradrenergic cell groups project to the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN), which is involved in integrating the stress response. Bi-directional communication between the brain and immune system is well established, with both neuroendocrine and immune responses being activated by lipop...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000054474
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The differential role of porcine follicular fluid (pFF) in regulating follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) release in vivo in situations of different gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) backgrounds was studied. In experiment 1, 2-week ovariectomized rats injected intravenously with 4, 16 o...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000123891
更新日期:1984-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plasma TSH responses after an i.v. injection of 100 mg of L-dopa were evaluated by radioimmunoassay in 4 normal euthyroid subjects and in 8 patients with primary hypothyroidism. In agreement with previous results, no variations to plasma TSH levels were observed in the euthyroid subjects. In contrast, in primary hypo...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000122350
更新日期:1975-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied the effects of selected leukotrienes and hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETEs) on prolactin release from primary cultures of female rats anterior pituitary cells. Leukotrienes B4, C4, and D4 had no effect on basal prolactin release; however, they did enhance prolactin release that was stimulated by 1 or 5 n...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000125042
更新日期:1988-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) endocrine tumors are hypervascular tumors able to synthesize and secrete high amounts of VEGF. We aimed to study the regulation of VEGF production in GEP endocrine tumors and to test whether some of the drugs currently used in their treatment, such as somatostatin analogues and mTOR inhibi...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000289569
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/AIMS:Tryptophan is the precursor of serotonin and niacin (vitamin B3). The latter is critical for normal cellular metabolism. Tryptophan and niacin can be deficient in patients with serotonin-producing neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). Niacin deficiency may lead to severe symptoms including pellagra. In patients...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000440621
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::To determine the possible physiological role of endogenous growth hormone-releasing factor (GRF) in the neuronal content and release of cerebral somatostatin (SS), we studied the effect of endogenous GRF blockade on the immunoreactive SS (IR-SS) content of cells and media in fetal rat cerebral cortical and hypothalami...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000126118
更新日期:1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pierre Marie coined the term 'acromegaly' in 1886 and linked it to a distinct clinical disease with a characteristic clinical picture. However, Pierre Marie was not the first physician to give a full record of the clinical picture of acromegaly; others had preceded him, like the Dutch physician Johannes Wier. After Ma...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1159/000371808
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A number of neurochemical messengers have been shown to act directly on the melanotrope cells of the pars intermedia of Xenopus laevis to regulate alpha MSH secretion. In the present study the possibility that the melanotropes are also indirectly controlled has been examined. For this purpose, the characteristics of a...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000125853
更新日期:1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study investigates the role of melanotrope proopiomelanocortin-derived peptide in the interrenal stress response to different stressors in male gilthead sea bream, Sparus aurata. Plasma cortisol and acetyl salmon endorphin (acetyl s-EP), as well as pituitary acetyl s-EP contents, were measured during two s...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000054359
更新日期:1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::An initial study was performed to ascertain the effects of anisomycin, a reversible inhibitor of protein synthesis, on pulsatile luteinizing hormone (LH) release in adult, ovarietomized (OVX) rats. For this experiment, rats OVX 3-4 weeks earlier were fitted with indwelling atrial cannulae. On the next day (approximate...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000125195
更新日期:1989-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to evaluate the possible participation of the hypothalamic excitatory and inhibitory amino acid neurotransmitter systems in the GnRH release response to GABAergic drugs, hypothalami (preoptic and mediobasal area) of immature (26 days of age) and adult male rats were perifused with GABA-A and -B agonists and a...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000127133
更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three control point enzymes of the Embden-Meyerhof pathway, hexokinase (HK), phosphofructokinase (PFK) and pyruvate kinase (PK) were measured by quantitative histochemical methods in individual hypothalamic nuclei of adult neonatally androgenized female rats. HK activity was significantly increased in anterior hypotha...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000122715
更新日期:1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thyroid hormones and nitric oxide/cyclic guanosine monophosphate (NO/cGMP) signaling play a significant role in the structural development of the cerebellum, respectively. In the present study, the possible contribution of neuronal NO synthase (NOS) and cGMP in the thyroid hormone-induced structural changes was invest...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000203644
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous work has demonstrated that N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) is capable of stimulating luteinizing hormone release in a variety of species. Interestingly, the ability of NMDA to stimulate luteinizing hormone release is significantly compromised in castrated male and female rats as compared to intact animals. The pu...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000126607
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In 2014, the World Health Organization (WHO) released a classification system introducing neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) of the female reproductive tract, excluding the ovaries. This study aimed to evaluate whether retrospective adaption of the gastroenteropancreatic (GEP)-NEN classification is feasible for...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000506743
更新日期:2020-02-25 00:00:00
abstract::Hypophysitis is a relatively rare disease that exerts a strong autoimmune component encompassing different etiologies. Immunomodulatory drugs, such as interferon-α, are known to rarely induce hypophysitis. In recent years, a large number of new biological and immunomodulatory agents have been introduced into clinical ...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1159/000480086
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Introduction Autophagic cell death in cancer cells can be mediated by inhibition of deacetylases. Although extensive studies have focused on the autophagic process in cancer, little is known about the role of autophagy in degrading cytosolic and nuclear components of pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplastic (pNEN) cells l...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000512567
更新日期:2020-10-27 00:00:00