[Oral Health and Pregnancy - Patient Survey using a Questionnaire].

Abstract:

:Introduction and Hypothesis This study investigated how well pregnant patients were informed about the causes and effects of gingivitis during pregnancy. Factors such as age, level of education and nationality were taken into account. Data was collected for the overall oral hygiene of the patients and differences between outpatient and inpatient pregnancies were shown. Possible risk factors in terms of birth results were also defined. Methods With the use of a questionnaire, 83 patients (40 outpatients/43 inpatients) were asked about their oral hygiene, as well as their knowledge pertaining to the causes and effects of gingivitis. Additionally, birth outcome data for 50 patients was collected for the purposes of this study. Results When the 2 groups were compared in terms of their knowledge about the effects of gingivitis, the inpatient participants were significantly better informed than the outpatient participants. The factor of education had a p-value of 0.016, meaning that this factor had a significant influence on the birth result. 24% of the participants were informed about good oral hygiene practices by their doctor or dentist. More than half of the participants subjectively perceived signs of an infection, such as bleeding gums while brushing their teeth. Furthermore, 31% of participants experienced nausea and vomiting, which is one of the common symptoms of morning sickness. 24% of participants stated that they improved their oral hygiene during pregnancy by using extra measures. 27% of participants had not had a dental check-up in over a year. Conclusion According to the present study, only 1 out of 4 women is informed by their gynaecologist about the importance of regular dental check-ups during pregnancy. This low rate of patients being informed about oral hygiene likely has to do with the gynaecologists being less informed about periodontal diseases, which therefore receive less attention and are less likely to be diagnosed. Thus, it would make sense for gynaecologists to recommend during the first pregnancy check-up that patients schedule an appointment with their dentist. The higher risk groups should be informed early on so as to motivate them to improve their oral hygiene. It is here that the collaboration between gynaecologists and dentists becomes especially important. :Hintergrund und Fragestellung  Die vorliegende Studie ging der Frage nach, wie gut die schwangeren Patientinnen über die Ursachen und Auswirkungen einer Schwangerschaftsgingivitis informiert waren. Die Faktoren Alter, Bildung und Herkunft sollten untersucht werde. Daten zum Mundhygieneverhalten sollten aufgenommen und Unterschiede zwischen ambulanten und stationären Schwangeren aufgezeigt werden. Mögliche Risikofaktoren bezüglich des Geburtsoutcomes galt es zu definieren. Methodik  Anhand eines Fragebogens wurden 83 Patientinnen (40 ambulant/43 stationär) zum Mundhygieneverhalten und zum Wissensstand bezüglich den Ursachen und Auswirkungen einer Gingivitis befragt. Bei 50 Patientinnen wurden zusätzlich die Daten über das Geburtsoutcome erhoben. Ergebnisse  Beim Vergleich wie gut die Schwangeren über die Auswirkungen einer Gingivitis informiert waren, schnitten die stationären Studienteilnehmerinnen signifikant besser ab, als die ambulanten Patientinnen. Die Bildung hatte mit einem p-Wert von 0,016 einen statistisch signifikanten Einfluss auf das Geburtsoutcome. 24% der Befragten wurden von ihrem Arzt oder Zahnarzt über besondere Mundhygienemassnahmen während der Schwangerschaft informiert. Subjektiv wahrgenommene Entzündungszeichen wie z.B. Bluten beim Zähneputzen traten bei mehr als der Hälfte der Befragten auf. Auch Emesis gehörte mit 31% zu einem häufig verbreiteten Schwangerschaftsgebrechen. 24% der Studienteilnehmerinnen gaben an, die Mundhygiene während der Schwangerschaft mit zusätzlichen Mundhygienehilfsmitteln zu verbessern. 27% der Befragten waren seit über einem Jahr nicht mehr in einer zahnärztlichen Kontrolle. Fazit Laut der vorliegenden Studie wurde nur jede vierte Schwangere von ihrem Gynäkologen über einen Zahnarztbesuch informiert. Diese tiefe Aufklärungsrate seitens der Gynäkologen mag zu einem Grossteil daran liegen, dass parodontale Erkrankungen dem Gynäkologen und Geburtshelfer nur wenig vertraut sind und daher auch weniger Beachtung finden. Sinnvollerweise würde die Gynäkologin bzw. der Gynäkologe der Schwangeren bereits beim ersten Kontrolluntersuch zu einem Besuch beim Zahnarzt raten. Insbesondere die Risikogruppen gilt es möglichst früh zu sensibilisieren und zur Verbesserung der Mundhygiene zu motivieren. Hier kommt der Zusammenarbeit zwischen Gynäkologen und Zahnärzten eine besondere Bedeutung zu.

authors

Odermatt T,Schötzau A,Hoesli I

doi

10.1055/s-0043-108762

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2017-08-01 00:00:00

pages

180-186

issue

4

eissn

0948-2393

issn

1439-1651

journal_volume

221

pub_type

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