Abstract:
:There is a great deal of interest in personalized, individualized, or precision interventions for disease and health-risk mitigation. This is as true of nutrition-based intervention and prevention strategies as it is for pharmacotherapies and pharmaceutical-oriented prevention strategies. Essentially, technological breakthroughs have enabled researchers to probe an individual's unique genetic, biochemical, physiological, behavioral, and exposure profile, allowing them to identify very specific and often nuanced factors that an individual might possess, which may make it more or less likely that he or she responds favorably to a particular intervention (e.g., nutrient supplementation) or disease prevention strategy (e.g., specific diet). However, as compelling and intuitive as personalized nutrition might be in the current era in which data-intensive biomedical characterization of individuals is possible, appropriately and objectively vetting personalized nutrition strategies is not trivial and requires novel study designs and data analytical methods. These designs and methods must consider a very integrated use of the multiple contemporary biomedical assays and technologies that motivate them, which adds to their complexity. Single-subject or N-of-1 trials can be used to assess the utility of personalized interventions and, in addition, can be crafted in such a way as to accommodate the necessarily integrated use of many emerging biomedical technologies and assays. In this review, we consider the motivation, design, and implementation of N-of-1 trials in translational nutrition research that are meant to assess the utility of personalized nutritional strategies. We provide a number of example studies, discuss appropriate analytical methods given the complex data they generate and require, and consider how such studies could leverage integration of various biomarker assays and clinical end points. Importantly, we also consider the development of strategies and algorithms for matching nutritional needs to individual biomedical profiles and the issues surrounding them. Finally, we discuss the limitations of personalized nutrition studies, possible extensions of N-of-1 nutritional intervention studies, and areas of future research.
journal_name
Annu Rev Nutrjournal_title
Annual review of nutritionauthors
Schork NJ,Goetz LHdoi
10.1146/annurev-nutr-071816-064717subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-08-21 00:00:00pages
395-422eissn
0199-9885issn
1545-4312journal_volume
37pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::More than one million Americans were expected to be diagnosed with cancer in 2003 (7a). Compelling experimental, epidemiological, and clinical evidence indicates that many cancers are preventable, especially because diet and nutrition are key factors in the modulation of cancer risk. The road to nutritional interventi...
journal_title:Annual review of nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1146/annurev.nutr.24.012003.132315
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Apart from being an important macronutrient, dietary fat has recently gained much prominence for its role in regulating gene expression. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) affect gene expression through various mechanisms including, but not limited to, changes in membrane composition, intracellular calcium levels, an...
journal_title:Annual review of nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1146/annurev.nutr.25.051804.101917
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Annual review of nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1146/annurev.nutr.28.061807.155333
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Annual review of nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1146/annurev.nu.08.070188.002031
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Annual review of nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1146/annurev.nu.15.070195.002353
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::It appears that specific functions may be assigned to some of the cellular folate binding proteins with some degree of certainty. Those that are membrane bound or derived from membranes probably have a role in transport of folate molecules into the cell. This is in spite of the fact that the localization of this prote...
journal_title:Annual review of nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1146/annurev.nu.02.070182.001305
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Annual review of nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1146/annurev-nutr-071714-034228
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Annual review of nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1146/annurev.nu.16.070196.000445
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Annual review of nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1146/annurev.nutr.25.050304.092610
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Annual review of nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1146/annurev-nutr-072610-145203
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Annual review of nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1146/annurev.nutr.22.010402.102745E
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Annual review of nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1146/annurev-nutr-071812-161215
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Annual review of nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1146/annurev.nutr.26.061505.111303
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Annual review of nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1146/annurev-nutr-080508-141108
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Annual review of nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1146/annurev.nu.13.070193.000433
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Annual review of nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1146/annurev.nutr.26.061505.111214
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Annual review of nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1146/annurev.nutr.18.1.385
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Annual review of nutrition
pub_type: 传,历史文章,杂志文章
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更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Annual review of nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1146/annurev-nutr-080508-141056
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Annual review of nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1146/annurev.nutr.27.061406.093710
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Annual review of nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1146/annurev-nutr-071714-034235
更新日期:2017-08-21 00:00:00
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journal_title:Annual review of nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1146/annurev.nutr.20.1.153
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent throughout the world, and growing evidence supports a requirement for optimal vitamin D levels for the healthy developing and adult brain. Vitamin D has important roles in proliferation and differentiation, calcium signaling within the brain, and neurotrophic and neuroprotective actio...
journal_title:Annual review of nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1146/annurev-nutr-071813-105557
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Identifying bioactive compounds and establishing their health effects are active areas of scientific inquiry. There are exciting prospects that select bioactive compounds will reduce the risk of many diseases, including chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease. Recent findings have established that cardiovascul...
journal_title:Annual review of nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1146/annurev.nutr.23.011702.073237
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Annual review of nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1146/annurev-nutr-011720-122637
更新日期:2020-09-23 00:00:00
abstract::Glucose is an essential nutrient for the human body. It is the major energy source for many cells, which depend on the bloodstream for a steady supply. Blood glucose levels, therefore, are carefully maintained. The liver plays a central role in this process by balancing the uptake and storage of glucose via glycogenes...
journal_title:Annual review of nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1146/annurev.nutr.19.1.379
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::There are many tumors that have paraneoplastic syndromes. Furthermore, location of certain tumors can result in very specific effects on the host, especially tumors in the hypothalamus, the intestinal tract, or the liver. Finally, tumors of the immune system can have significant distant consequences. However, from dir...
journal_title:Annual review of nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1146/annurev.nu.05.070185.002251
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oxidative stress is implicated in the pathogenesis of several viral infections, including hepatitis, influenza, and AIDS. Dietary oxidative stress due to either selenium or vitamin E deficiency increases cardiac damage in mice infected with a myocarditic strain of coxsackievirus B3. Such dietary oxidative stress also ...
journal_title:Annual review of nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1146/annurev.nutr.18.1.93
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Annual review of nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1146/annurev.nutr.27.061406.093743
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Research on human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) has received much attention in recent years. However, it started about a century ago with the observation that oligosaccharides might be growth factors for a so-called bifidus flora in breast-fed infants and extends to the recent finding of cell adhesion molecules in huma...
journal_title:Annual review of nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1146/annurev.nutr.20.1.699
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00