Abstract：
:l-Aspartate oxidase, encoded by the nadB gene, is the first enzyme in the de novo synthesis of NAD+ in bacteria. This FAD-dependent enzyme catalyzes the oxidation of l-aspartate to generate iminoaspartate and reduced flavin. Distinct from most amino acid oxidases, it can use either molecular oxygen or fumarate to reoxidize the reduced enzyme. Sequence alignments and the three-dimensional crystal structure have revealed that the overall fold and catalytic residues of NadB closely resemble those of the succinate dehydrogenase/fumarate reductase family rather than those of the prototypical d-amino acid oxidases. This suggests that the enzyme can catalyze amino acid oxidation via typical amino acid oxidase chemistry, involving the removal of protons from the α-amino group and the transfer of the hydride from C2, or potentially deprotonation at C3 followed by transfer of the hydride from C2, similar to chemistry occurring during succinate oxidation. We have investigated this potential mechanistic ambiguity using a combination of primary, solvent, and multiple deuterium kinetic isotope effects in steady state experiments. Our results indicate that the chemistry is similar to that of typical amino acid oxidases in which the transfer of the hydride from C2 of l-aspartate to FAD is rate-limiting and occurs in a concerted manner with respect to deprotonation of the α-amine. Together with previous kinetic and structural data, we propose that NadB has structurally evolved from succinate dehydrogenase/fumarate reductase-type enzymes to gain the new functionality of oxidizing amino acids while retaining the ability to reduce fumarate.
journal_name
Biochemistryjournal_title
Biochemistryauthors
Chow C,Hegde S,Blanchard JSdoi
10.1021/acs.biochem.7b00307subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-08-08 00:00:00pages
4044-4052issue
31eissn
0006-2960issn
1520-4995journal_volume
56pub_type
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