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Changes in pathogens and pneumococcal serotypes causing community-acquired pneumonia in The Netherlands.

Abstract：

BACKGROUND:In 2006 a 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) was introduced in the immunisation programme for infants in The Netherlands and replaced by PCV10 in 2011. Limited data exist about the impact of PCV on the aetiology of CAP as a whole. The aim of the present study is to describe the overall changes in microbial aetiology, pneumococcal burden (including non-bacteraemic pneumococcal pneumonia) and its serotypes in adult community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) after the introduction of these PCVs. METHODS:Hospitalised adult CAP patients who participated in three consecutive trials were studied (2004-2006 (n=201), 2007-2009 (n=304) and 2012-2016 (n=300) and considered as pre-PCV7, PCV7 and PCV10 period). Extensive conventional microbiological testing was applied for all patients. In addition, patients with a serotype-specific pneumococcal antibody response were diagnosed with pneumococcal CAP. Changes in proportions of causative pathogens and distributions of pneumococcal serotypes were calculated. RESULTS:The proportion of pneumococcal CAP decreased from 37% (n=74/201) to 26% (n=77/300) comparing the pre-PCV7 period with the PCV10 period (p=0.01). For other pathogens, including Legionella spp., Mycoplasma pneumoniae, S. aureus, H. influenzae, and respiratory viruses, no sustained shifts were observed in their relative contribution to the aetiology of CAP. Within the pneumococcal CAP patients, we observed a decrease in PCV7 and an increase in non-PCV10 serotype disease. PCV10-extra type disease did not decrease significantly comparing the PCV10 period with the pre-PCV7 and PCV7 period, respectively. Notably, PCV7 type disease decreased both in bacteraemic and non-bacteraemic patients. CONCLUSIONS:Our findings confirm that PCV introduction in infants impact the microbial aetiology of adult CAP and suggest herd effects in adults with CAP after introduction of PCVs in children.

journal_name

Vaccine

journal_title

Vaccine

authors

Vestjens SMT,Wagenvoort GHJ,Grutters JC,Meek B,Aldenkamp AF,Vlaminckx BJM,Bos WJW,Rijkers GT,van de Garde EMW

doi

10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.06.049

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2017-07-24 00:00:00

pages

4112-4118

issue

33

eissn

0264-410X

issn

1873-2518

pii

S0264-410X(17)30842-3

journal_volume

35

pub_type

临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究

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