Abstract:
:The Implicit Association Test (IAT) is a reaction time based categorization task that measures the differential associative strength between bipolar targets and evaluative attribute concepts as an approach to indexing implicit beliefs or biases. An open question exists as to what exactly the IAT measures, and here EEG (Electroencephalography) has been used to investigate the time course of ERPs (Event-related Potential) indices and implicated brain regions in the IAT. IAT-EEG research identifies a number of early (250-450 ms) negative ERPs indexing early-(pre-response) processing stages of the IAT. ERP activity in this time range is known to index processes related to cognitive control and semantic processing. A central focus of these efforts has been to use IAT-ERPs to delineate the implicit and explicit factors contributing to measured IAT effects. Increasing evidence indicates that cognitive control (and related top-down modulation of attention/perceptual processing) may be components in the effective measurement of IAT effects, as factors such as physical setting or task instruction can change an IAT measurement. In this study we further implicate the role of proactive cognitive control and top-down modulation of attention/perceptual processing in the IAT-EEG. We find statistically significant relationships between D-score (a reaction-time based measure of the IAT-effect) and early ERP-time windows, indicating where more rapid word categorizations driving the IAT effect are present, they are at least partly explainable by neural activity not significantly correlated with the IAT measurement itself. Using LORETA, we identify a number of brain regions driving these ERP-IAT relationships notably involving left-temporal, insular, cingulate, medial frontal and parietal cortex in time regions corresponding to the N2- and P3-related activity. The identified brain regions involved with reduced reaction times on congruent blocks coincide with those of previous studies.
journal_name
Front Hum Neuroscijournal_title
Frontiers in human neuroscienceauthors
Healy GF,Boran L,Smeaton AFdoi
10.3389/fnhum.2015.00605subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-11-24 00:00:00pages
605issn
1662-5161journal_volume
9pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Due to the potential of anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (a-tDCS) for enhancement of fine sequenced movements and increasing interest in achieving high level of fine movements in the trained and untrained hands especially at initial stage of learning, we designed this study to investigate whether the app...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2017.00153
更新日期:2017-04-03 00:00:00
abstract::Nearly half of all mild brain injury sufferers experience long-term cognitive impairment, so an important goal in rehabilitation is to address their multiple cognitive deficits to help them return to prior levels of functioning. Cognitive training, or the use of repeated mental exercises to enhance cognition, is one r...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2020.00229
更新日期:2020-06-24 00:00:00
abstract::Regions in the medial temporal lobe (MTL) and prefrontal cortex (PFC) are involved in memory formation for scenes in both children and adults. The development in children and adolescents of successful memory encoding for scenes has been associated with increased activation in PFC, but not MTL, regions. However, eviden...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2010.00021
更新日期:2010-03-05 00:00:00
abstract::The goal of this research is to test the potential for neuroadaptive automation to improve response speed to a hazardous event by using a brain-computer interface (BCI) to decode perceptual-motor intention. Seven participants underwent four experimental sessions while measuring brain activity with magnetoencephalograp...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2016.00187
更新日期:2016-04-27 00:00:00
abstract::The ability to accurately process numerical magnitudes and solve mental arithmetic is of highest importance for schooling and professional career. Although impairments in these domains in disorders such as developmental dyscalculia (DD) are highly detrimental, remediation is still sparse. In recent years, transcranial...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2013.00244
更新日期:2013-06-06 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:Whether the unaffected function of the hand of patients presenting with nerve injury is affected remains inconclusive. We aimed to evaluate whether there are differences in finger tapping following central or peripheral nerve injury compared with the unaffected hand and the ipsilateral hand of a healthy subject. M...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2015.00260
更新日期:2015-05-13 00:00:00
abstract::Elderly people affected by Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) usually report a perceived decline in cognitive functions that deeply impacts their quality of life. This subtle waning, although it cannot be diagnosable as dementia, is noted by caregivers on the basis of their relative's behaviors. Crucially, if this condit...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2020.00245
更新日期:2020-07-24 00:00:00
abstract::The triple-code model (TCM) of number processing suggests the involvement of distinct parietal cortex areas in arithmetic operations: the bilateral horizontal segment of the intraparietal sulcus (hIPS) for arithmetic operations that require the manipulation of numerical quantities (e.g., subtraction) and the left angu...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2020.00271
更新日期:2020-07-16 00:00:00
abstract::In December 2011, the European Science Foundation (ESF) brought together experts from a wide range of disciplines to discuss the issues that will influence the development of a healthier, more brain-aware European society. This perspective summarizes the main outcomes of that discussion and highlights important consid...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2013.00359
更新日期:2013-08-07 00:00:00
abstract::In his seminal book on esthetics, Berlyne (1971) posited an inverted-U relationship between complexity and hedonic tone in arts appreciation, however, converging evidence for his theory is still missing. The disregard of the multidimensionality of complexity may explain some of the divergent results. Here, we argue th...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2016.00536
更新日期:2016-11-04 00:00:00
abstract::Measuring neuronal activity with electrophysiological methods may be useful in detecting neurological dysfunctions, such as mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). This approach may be particularly valuable for rapid detection in at-risk populations including military service members and athletes. Electrophysiological met...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2015.00011
更新日期:2015-02-04 00:00:00
abstract::The repetition of a stimulus task reduces the neural activity within certain cortical regions responsible for working memory (WM) processing. Although previous evidence has shown that repeated vibrotactile stimuli reduce the activation in the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex, whether the repeated tactile spatial stimul...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2014.00926
更新日期:2014-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::Familial risk plays a significant role in the etiology of schizophrenia (SZ). Many studies using neuroimaging have demonstrated structural and functional alterations in relatives of SZ patients, with significant results found in diverse brain regions involving the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), caudate, dorsolateral...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2016.00383
更新日期:2016-07-27 00:00:00
abstract::Prior studies have demonstrated that a single session of aerobic exercise can enhance cognitive functioning; specifically, the inhibition facet of executive function (EF). Additionally, previous research has demonstrated that inhibitory abilities are essential for effective dietary self-control. However, it is current...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2014.00267
更新日期:2014-04-30 00:00:00
abstract::There are indications that simple reaction time might have slowed in Western populations, based on both cohort- and multi-study comparisons. A possible limitation of the latter method in particular is measurement error stemming from methods variance, which results from the fact that instruments and experimental condit...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2016.00407
更新日期:2016-08-18 00:00:00
abstract:Aim:Electrodes that provide brain to machine or computer interfacing must survive the lifetime of the person to be considered an acceptable prosthetic. The electrodes may be external such as with electroencephalographic (EEG), internal extracortical such as electrocorticographic (ECoG) or intracortical. Methods:Most i...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2020.00111
更新日期:2020-04-21 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies using hierarchical figures (where a large global shape is composed of a series of smaller local shapes) suggest that performance is better for local features presented in the right relative to left visual field, whereas the opposite pattern is observed for global features. However, these previous stud...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2012.00028
更新日期:2012-02-22 00:00:00
abstract::Given the frequency of naming errors in aphasia, a common aim of speech and language rehabilitation is the improvement of naming. Based on evidence of significant word recall improvements in patients with memory impairments, errorless learning methods have been successfully applied to naming therapy in aphasia; howeve...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2017.00140
更新日期:2017-03-27 00:00:00
abstract::Minimally invasive and robotic surgery changes the capacity for surgical mentors to guide their trainees with the control customary to open surgery. This neuroergonomic study aims to assess a "Collaborative Gaze Channel" (CGC); which detects trainer gaze-behavior and displays the point of regard to the trainee. A rand...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2015.00526
更新日期:2015-10-14 00:00:00
abstract::Functional neuroimaging has increased our understanding of human brain function tremendously and has become a standard tool in clinical and cognitive neuroscience research. We briefly review its methodological foundations and describe remaining challenges for translational research. The application of neuroimaging res...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/neuro.09.063.2009
更新日期:2009-12-23 00:00:00
abstract::Minimal or inconsistent behavioral responses to command make it challenging to accurately diagnose the level of awareness of a patient with a Disorder of consciousness (DOC). By identifying markers of mental imagery being covertly performed to command, functional neuroimaging (fMRI), electroencephalography (EEG) has s...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2014.00950
更新日期:2014-11-26 00:00:00
abstract::Paired associative stimulation at the spinal cord (spinal PAS) has been shown to increase muscle force and dexterity by strengthening the corticomuscular connection, through spike timing dependent plasticity. Typically, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcutaneous peripheral nerve electrical stimulation ...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2020.593806
更新日期:2020-11-27 00:00:00
abstract::WE COMPARED, FOR THE FIRST TIME, THE OVERALL AND DIFFERENTIAL EFFECTS OF THREE OF THE MOST WIDELY USED LEFT NEGLECT (LN) TREATMENTS: visual scanning training (VST), limb activation treatment (LAT), and prism adaptation (PA). Thirty-three LN patients were assigned in quasi-random order to the three groups (VST, LAT, or...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2013.00360
更新日期:2013-07-08 00:00:00
abstract::In the present paper, we will attempt to gain hints regarding the nature of tactile awareness in humans. At first, we will review some recent literature showing that an actual tactile experience can emerge in absence of any tactile stimulus (e.g., tactile hallucinations, tactile illusions). According to the current mo...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2015.00287
更新日期:2015-05-19 00:00:00
abstract::[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2020.00095.]. ...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 已发布勘误
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2020.00239
更新日期:2020-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::Behavioral studies have reported that males perform better than females in 3-dimensional (3D) mental rotation. Given the important role of the hippocampus in spatial processing, the present study investigated whether structural differences in the hippocampus could explain the sex difference in 3D mental rotation. Resu...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2016.00580
更新日期:2016-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::Most amputees experience phantom limb, whereby they feel that the amputated limb is still present. In some cases, these experiences include pain that can be alleviated by "mirror therapy." Mirror therapy consists of superimposing a mirrored image of the moving intact limb onto the phantom limb. This therapy provides a...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2017.00483
更新日期:2017-10-04 00:00:00
abstract::The inferior parietal cortex (IPC) is a heterogeneous region that is known to be involved in a multitude of diverse different tasks and processes, though its contribution to these often-complex functions is yet poorly understood. In a previous study we demonstrated that patients with depression failed to deactivate th...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2013.00268
更新日期:2013-06-12 00:00:00
abstract::Performing a task alone or together with another agent can produce different outcomes. The current study used event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate the neural underpinnings when participants performed a Go/Nogo task alone or complementarily with another co-actor (unseen), whom was b...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2015.00483
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A recent meta-analysis of experiments from seven independent laboratories (n = 26) indicates that the human body can apparently detect randomly delivered stimuli occurring 1-10 s in the future (Mossbridge etal., 2012). The key observation in these studies is that human physiology appears to be able to distinguish betw...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2014.00146
更新日期:2014-03-25 00:00:00